Buturlin, feminine: Buturlina (Russian: Бутурли́н, Бутурлина) is a Russian surname of a Russian noble Buturlin family . Notable people with this surname include:
- Alexander Buturlin (1694–1767), a Russian general
- Anna Artemevna Buturlina (1777–1854), Russian artist and noblewoman
- Alexander Buturlin (ice hockey) (born 1981), a Russian ice hockey player
- Dmitry Petrovich Buturlin (writer) (1790–1849), a Russian statesman and writer
- Elizabeth Divov born countess Buturlina (1762–1813), Russian courtier
- Sergei Aleksandrovich Buturlin (1872–1938), a Russian ornithologist
- Vasili Buturlin (? – 1656), a Russian boyar and voyevoda