Centrosomal protein 89, also known as Centrosomal protein of 89 kDa (CEP89), Centrosomal protein 123 (CEP123), or Coiled-coil domain-containing protein 123 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CEP89 gene.[4][5][6]
| CEP89 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Aliases | CEP89, CCDC123, CEP123, centrosomal protein 89 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| External IDs | OMIM: 615470; MGI: 1919390; HomoloGene: 12444; GeneCards: CEP89; OMA:CEP89 - orthologs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Structure
editThe CEP89 gene is located on the q arm of chromosome 19 at position 13.11 and it spans 96,104 base pairs.[4] The CEP89 gene produces a 54.4 kDa protein composed of 476 amino acids.[7][8] The structure of the protein has been found to be similar to a ring. It is associated and dependent on the orientation of centrioles, which are attached in the exterior region. The protein contains two coiled-coil domains and a putative mitochondrial-targeting signal.[9][10] Experiments have shown that CEP89 is found within the intermembrane space, as well as the cytosol of the mitochondria.[9]
Function
editThe CEP89 gene encodes for a protein required for ciliogenesis. It plays a role in mitochondrial metabolism by modulating complex IV activity.[6][5] CEP89 has also been shown to be responsible for the integrity of the mitochondria, membrane depolarization, synaptic transmission of photoreceptor neurons and for the synaptic organization of the larval neuromuscular junction.[9]
Clinical significance
editVariants of CEP89 have been associated with the mitochondrial Complex IV deficiency, a deficiency in an enzyme complex of the mitochondrial respiratory chain which catalyzes the oxidation of cytochrome c utilizing molecular oxygen.[11] The deficiency is characterized by heterogeneous phenotypes ranging from isolated myopathy to severe multisystem disease affecting several tissues and organs. Other Clinical Manifestations include hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, hepatomegaly and liver dysfunction, hypotonia, muscle weakness, exercise intolerance, developmental delay, delayed motor development and mental retardation.[12] Pathogenic mutations of CEP89 has also been found to be associated with intellectual disability and multisystemic disorders such as cystinuria, cataract, broad based walking pattern, deafness, and others.[9][5][6] A CEP89 loss-of-function has been shown to lead to a severe decrease in complex activity and altered mobility, which are signs of dysfunction in the complex IV resulting in complete lethality.[9] A Homozygous deletion in the CEP89 gene has resulted in an isolated complex IV deficiency confirmed by decreased ATP production and reduced oxidation of pyruvate (1-[14C]) and malate.[9]
Interactions
editCEP89 has interactions with proteins such as PICK1, LATS2, ERC1, CEP72, ADSL and others.[13][5][6]
References
edit- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000121289 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ a b
"Entrez Gene: Centrosomal protein 89". Retrieved 2018-08-09.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ a b c d
"CEP89 - Centrosomal protein of 89 kDa - Homo sapiens (Human) - CEP89 gene & protein". Retrieved 2018-08-07.
This article incorporates text available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
- ^ a b c d "UniProt: the universal protein knowledgebase". Nucleic Acids Research. 45 (D1): D158–D169. January 2017. doi:10.1093/nar/gkw1099. PMC 5210571. PMID 27899622.
- ^ Zong NC, Li H, Li H, Lam MP, Jimenez RC, Kim CS, et al. (October 2013). "Integration of cardiac proteome biology and medicine by a specialized knowledgebase". Circulation Research. 113 (9): 1043–1053. doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.113.301151. PMC 4076475. PMID 23965338.
- ^ "Protein Cep89 homolog". Cardiac Organellar Protein Atlas Knowledgebase (COPaKB). Archived from the original on 2018-08-10. Retrieved 2018-08-09.
- ^ a b c d e f van Bon BW, Oortveld MA, Nijtmans LG, Fenckova M, Nijhof B, Besseling J, et al. (August 2013). "CEP89 is required for mitochondrial metabolism and neuronal function in man and fly". Human Molecular Genetics. 22 (15): 3138–3151. doi:10.1093/hmg/ddt170. PMID 23575228.
- ^ Sillibourne JE, Specht CG, Izeddin I, Hurbain I, Tran P, Triller A, et al. (November 2011). "Assessing the localization of centrosomal proteins by PALM/STORM nanoscopy". Cytoskeleton. 68 (11): 619–627. doi:10.1002/cm.20536. PMID 21976302. S2CID 33280582.
- ^ Ostergaard E, Weraarpachai W, Ravn K, Born AP, Jønson L, Duno M, et al. (March 2015). "Mutations in COA3 cause isolated complex IV deficiency associated with neuropathy, exercise intolerance, obesity, and short stature". Journal of Medical Genetics. 52 (3): 203–207. doi:10.1136/jmedgenet-2014-102914. PMID 25604084. S2CID 43018915.
- ^ "Mitochondrial complex IV deficiency". www.uniprot.org.
- ^ Mick DU, Dennerlein S, Wiese H, Reinhold R, Pacheu-Grau D, Lorenzi I, et al. (December 2012). "MITRAC links mitochondrial protein translocation to respiratory-chain assembly and translational regulation". Cell. 151 (7): 1528–1541. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2012.11.053. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-000E-DDDF-4. PMID 23260140.
This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.