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Cabinet of Enrique Peñaranda

Enrique Peñaranda assumed office as the 38th President of Bolivia on 15 April 1940, and his term was terminated by a coup d'état on 20 December 1943. A general in the Chaco War, Peñaranda was brought forth by the traditional conservative political parties, sidelined since the end of the Chaco War, as their candidate in the 1940 general elections.

Peñaranda cabinet

102nd–107th Cabinet of the Republic of Bolivia
1940–1943
Enrique Peñaranda
Date formed15 April 1940 (1940-04-15)
Date dissolved20 December 1943 (1943-12-20)
People and organisations
PresidentEnrique Peñaranda
No. of ministers9 (on 20 December 1943)
Total no. of members34 (including former members)
Member partiesLiberal Party (PL)
Socialist Republican Party (PRS)
Genuine Republican Party (PRG)
United Socialist Party (PSU) (from 16 September 1943)
Status in legislatureMajority government (1940–1943)
National unity government (1943)
History
Election1940 general election
Legislature terms1940–1942
1942–1944
PredecessorCabinet of Carlos Quintanilla (interim)
SuccessorCabinet of Gualberto Villarroel
Minister of Defense Carlos Blanco Galindo had been Interim President from 1930 to 1931
Minister of Work and Health Enrique Hertzog would be elected president in 1947
Foreign Minister Tomás Manuel Elío held the office four times prior and negotiated a ceasefire to the Chaco War

Peñaranda formed six cabinets during his under 44-month presidency, constituting the 102nd to 107th national cabinets of Bolivia.[1]

Cabinet ministers

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Cabinet of Bolivia
Presidency of Enrique Peñaranda, 1940–1943
Office Name Party Prof. Term Days N.C[a] P.C[b]
President Enrique Peñaranda CONC Mil. 15 April 1940 – 20 December 1943 1344 – –
Minister of Foreign Affairs
and Worship
(Chancellor) 		Alberto Ostria Gutiérrez[2] – Law. 26 August 1939 – 1 October 1941 767 101[c] 1[d]
103 2
104 3
Eduardo Anze Matienzo[3] – Law. 1 October 1941 – 26 November 1942 421 105 4
Tomás Manuel Elío[4] PL Law. 26 November 1942 – 16 September 1943 294 106 5
Carlos Salinas Aramayo[5] PSU Law. 16 September 1943 – 20 December 1943 95 107 6
Minister of Government
and Justice 		Minister of
Propaganda 		Julio de la Vega Military Mil. 15 April 1940 – 11 November 1940 210 102 1
Minister of
Immigration 		Demetrio Ramos Military Mil. 11 November 1940 – 12 June 1941 213 103 2
Zacarías Murillo Military Mil. 12 June 1941 – 1 October 1941 111 104 3
Adolfo Vilar Mendivil PL Law. 1 October 1941 – 20 July 1942 292 105 4
Bernardo Navajas Trigo[6] PL Law. 20 July 1942 – 26 November 1942 129
Pedro Zilveti[e] PRS Law. 26 November 1942 – 20 December 1943 389 106 5
107 6
Minister of
National Defense 		– Demetrio Ramos Military Mil. 15 April 1940 – 11 November 1940 210 102 1
Minister of
Colonization 		Carlos Blanco Galindo Military Mil. 11 November 1940 – 12 June 1941 213 103 2
Jose Miguel Candia Military Mil. 12 June 1941 – 20 December 1943 921 104 3
105 4
106 5
107 6
Minister of Finance
and Statistics 		Edmundo Vásquez PRS Law. 15 April 1940 – 11 November 1940 210 102 1
Joaquín Espada PRG Law. 11 November 1940 – 16 September 1943 1039 103 2
104 3
105 4
106 5
Luis Calvo PRG – 16 September 1943 – 20 December 1943 95 107 6
Minister of Economy Office blank 15 April 1940 – 12 June 1941
Víctor Paz Estenssoro PSI Law. 12 June 1941 – 17 June 1941 5 104 3
Office vacant 17 June 1941 – 23 July 1941
Alberto Crespo Gutiérrez – – 23 July 1941 – 16 September 1943 785
105 4
106 5
Germán Chávez PL – 16 September 1943 – 20 December 1943 95 107 6
Minister of Industry
and Commerce 		Hugo Ernst Rivera PSU Dip. 15 April 1940 – 11 November 1940 210 102 1
Office discontinued from 11 November 1940
Minister of Public Works
and Communications 		Justo Rodas Eguino PRS Law. 15 April 1940 – 11 November 1940 210 102 1
Oscar Mariaca Pando PL Mil. 11 November 1940 – 9 May 1941 179 103 2
Adolfo Vilar Mendivil PL Law. 9 May 1941 – 12 June 1941 34
Justo Rodas Eguino[f] PRS Law. 12 June 1941 – 26 November 1942 532 104 3
105 4
Julio Sanjinés Military Mil. 26 November 1942 – 16 September 1943 294 106 5
José Salmón Ballivián – – 16 September 1943 – 20 December 1943 95 107 6
Minister of Mining
and Petrol 		Alfredo Jordán PL Law. 15 April 1940 – 11 November 1940 210 102 1
Edmundo Vásquez PRS Law. 11 November 1940 – 12 June 1941 213 103 2
Office discontinued from 12 June 1941
Minister of Work
and Social Security 		– Bernardo Navajas Trigo PL Law. 15 April 1940 – 11 November 1940 210 102 1
Minister of Health Abelardo Ibáñez Benavente – Dr. 11 November 1940 – 26 November 1942 745 103 2
104 3
105 4
Juan Manuel Balcázar PRS Dr. 26 November 1942 – 16 September 1943 294 106 5
Enrique Hertzog PRG Dr. 16 September 1943 – 20 December 1943 95 107 6
Minister of Health
and Hygiene 		Abelardo Ibáñez Benavente – Dr. 15 April 1940 – 11 November 1940 210 102 1
Office under the Ministry of Work and Social Security from 11 November 1942
Minister of Education,
Fine Arts, and Indigenous Affairs 		Gustavo Adolfo Otero[g] – Wri. 15 April 1940 – 12 June 1941 423 102 1
103 2
Adolfo Vilar Mendivil PL Law. 12 June 1941 – 1 October 1941 111 104 3
Arturo Pinto Escalier[h] PRG Dr. 1 October 1941 – 26 November 1942 292 105 4
Rubén Terrazas PRG Law. 26 November 1942 – 16 September 1943 294 106 5
Francisco Lazcano Soruco PSU – 16 September 1943 – 20 December 1943 95 107 6
Minister of Agriculture Minister of Irrigation,
Immigration, and
Colonization 		Alcides Arguedas PL Wri. 15 April 1940 – 11 November 1940 210 102 1
Minister of Irrigation,
Mining, and Petrol 		Edmundo Vásquez PRS Law. 11 November 1940 – 12 June 1941 213 103 2
– Office vacant 12 June 1941 – 26 November 1942 104 3
105 4
Minister of Livestock Arturo Galindo PL Law. 26 November 1942 – 16 September 1943 294 106 5
Minister of Livestock
and Colonization[i] 		Julio Céspedes Añez PRS – 16 September 1943 – 20 December 1943 95 107 6

Composition

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First cabinet

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Peñaranda's first cabinet was formed upon taking office on 15 April 1940 and was the 102nd national cabinet of Bolivia. Foreign Minister Alberto Ostria Gutiérrez was the only holdover from the interim Carlos Quintanilla government. Military figures Julio de la Vega and Demetrio Ramos were made Minister of Government, Justice, and Propaganda and Minister of National Defense respectively. Alcides Arguedas, a Liberal Party writer, journalist, and critic of the previous leftist governments, was made Minister of Agriculture, Irrigation, Colonization, and Immigration. Another noted writer, Gustavo Adolfo Otero was made Minister of Education, Fine Arts, and Indigenous Affairs. The Office of Fine Arts under the Ministry of Education and the Office of Irrigation under the Ministry of Agriculture were both newly established as part of this cabinet.

Second cabinet

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Peñaranda's second cabinet was formed on 11 November 1940 and was the 103rd national cabinet of Bolivia.[11] With the resignation of Arguedas, the offices he held were redistributed to different ministers. In this and future cabinets, the Office of Immigration would be held by the Ministry of Government and the Office of Colonization by the Ministry of Defense. The Ministry of Mining and Petrol was assigned to the new Minister of Agriculture and Irrigation, Edmundo Vásquez. The Ministries of Propaganda and Industry and Commerce were discontinued. As was the Ministry of Hygiene, with the Ministry of Health falling under the purview of the Ministry of Work and Social Security. Health Minister Abelardo Ibáñez Benavente also became Minister of Work.

Third and fourth cabinets

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Peñaranda's third cabinet was formed on 12 June 1941 and was the 104th national cabinet of Bolivia.[12] This cabinet saw the establishment of the Ministry of Economy separate from the Ministry of Finance and Statistics. Future President Víctor Paz Estenssoro was its first minister, though he only held the office for five days.

Peñaranda's third cabinet was formed on 1 October 1941 and was the 105th national cabinet of Bolivia.[13] The Ministry of Agriculture remained vacant in both the third and fourth cabinets.

Fifth and sixth cabinets

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Peñaranda's fifth cabinet was formed on 26 November 1942 and was the 106th national cabinet of Bolivia.[14] The Ministry of Agriculture was filled once again with the addition of the new Ministry of Livestock, though with the Ministry of Mining and Petrol being discontinued.

Peñaranda's sixth and final cabinet was formed on 16 September 1943 and was the 107th national cabinet of Bolivia. Faced with opposition from the left-wing in Congress, Peñaranda attempted to form a national unity government for his seventh cabinet. Representatives from the United Socialist Party (PSU) were invited to join the administration.[15] These were Carlos Salinas Aramayo (Foreign Minister), the then-leader of the PSU, and Francisco Lazcano Soruco (Education).[5]

In December of the same year, Enrique Peñaranda would be deposed by liberal forces of the Revolutionary Nationalist Movement (MNR) and left-wing young officers led by Gualberto Villarroel.

Established Ministries

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Analysis

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The six cabinets of Enrique Peñaranda reflected a brief return to the traditional political order Bolivia had seen prior to the Chaco War. The majority of ministerial positions were filled by members of the Genuine Republican (PRG), Socialist Republican (PRS), and Liberal (LP), parties which had been sidelined by the Military Socialist administrations of David Toro and Germán Busch. Three Bolivian presidents served in the Peñaranda administration. Minister of Defense Carlos Blanco Galindo had served as Interim President from 1930 to 1931. Finance Minister Víctor Paz Estenssoro and Health and Labor Minister Enrique Hertzog would both be elected president in the late 1940s and early 1950s.

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Notes

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  1. ^ Denoting which national cabinet the minister was originally a part of.
  2. ^ Denoting which presidential cabinet the minister was originally a part of.
  3. ^ Originally a member of the 101st national cabinet of Bolivia.
  4. ^ Originally a member of the Quintanilla ministerial cabinet.
  5. ^ Acting Foreign Minister in the absence of Tomás Manuel Elío from 30 April to 1 July 1943.[7]
  6. ^ Acting Foreign Minister in the absence of Eduardo Anze Matienzo from 4 January to 5 February 1942.[8]
  7. ^ Acting Foreign Minister in the absence of Alberto Ostria Gutiérrez from 20 January to 3 February 1941.[9]
  8. ^ Acting Foreign Minister in the absence of Eduardo Anze Matienzo from 5 to 11 February 1942.[10]
  9. ^ Acting/Interim?

References

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  1. ^ Gisbert 2003, pp. 344–346
  2. ^ "canciller". 7 April 2014. Archived from the original on 7 April 2014. Retrieved 24 January 2021.
  3. ^ "canciller". archive.vn. 19 February 2013. Archived from the original on 19 February 2013. Retrieved 17 February 2021.
  4. ^ "canciller". archive.vn. 19 February 2013. Archived from the original on 19 February 2013. Retrieved 17 February 2021.
  5. ^ a b "canciller". archive.vn. 19 February 2013. Archived from the original on 19 February 2013. Retrieved 17 February 2021.
  6. ^ "DECRETO 20-07-1942 del 20 de Julio de 1942 – 4 » Derechoteca.com". www.derechoteca.com. Retrieved 24 January 2021.
  7. ^ "canciller". archive.vn. 19 February 2013. Archived from the original on 19 February 2013. Retrieved 17 February 2021.
  8. ^ "canciller". archive.vn. 19 February 2013. Archived from the original on 19 February 2013. Retrieved 17 February 2021.
  9. ^ "canciller". archive.vn. 19 February 2013. Archived from the original on 19 February 2013. Retrieved 17 February 2021.
  10. ^ "canciller". archive.vn. 19 February 2013. Archived from the original on 19 February 2013. Retrieved 17 February 2021.
  11. ^ "DECRETO SUPREMO del 11 de Noviembre de 1940 – 1 » Derechoteca.com". www.derechoteca.com. Retrieved 24 January 2021.
  12. ^ "DECRETO SUPREMO del 12 de Junio de 1941 – 1 » Derechoteca.com". www.derechoteca.com. Retrieved 24 January 2021.
  13. ^ "DECRETO SUPREMO No 26-11-1942 del 26 de Noviembre de 1942 » Derechoteca.com". www.derechoteca.com. Retrieved 24 January 2021.
  14. ^ "DECRETO SUPREMO No 26-11-1942 del 26 de Noviembre de 1942 » Derechoteca.com". www.derechoteca.com. Retrieved 24 January 2021.
  15. ^ Political parties of the Americas: Canada, Latin America, and the West Indies, Vol.1. Greenwood Press, 1982. P.146.

Bibliography

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