Caladenia exilis subsp. vanleeuwenii, commonly known as the Moora spider orchid, is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a relatively rare spider orchid with a single erect, hairy leaf and up to three variably-coloured flowers with a small white, red-striped labellum. It differs from subspecies exilis in having variably coloured flowers, different growth habit, earlier flowering and different habitat.
| Moora spider orchid | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Orchidaceae |
| Subfamily: | Orchidoideae |
| Tribe: | Diurideae |
| Genus: | Caladenia |
| Species: | |
| Subspecies: | C. e. subsp. vanleeuwenii
|
| Trinomial name | |
| Caladenia exilis subsp. vanleeuwenii | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
Description
editCaladenia exilis subsp. vanleeuwenii is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber which grows singly or in small tufts. It has a single erect, hairy leaf, 60–120 mm (2–5 in) long and 3–5 mm (0.1–0.2 in) wide. Up to three flowers 60–120 mm (2–5 in) long and 40–60 mm (1.6–2.4 in) wide are borne on a spike 140–250 mm (6–10 in) tall. The flowers are white, red, pale yellow or cream-coloured. The dorsal sepal is erect, 50–90 mm (2–4 in) long and about 2 mm (0.08 in) wide and tapers to a dark, thread-like tip. The lateral sepals and petals are more or less drooping with long, dark, thread-like tips. The lateral sepals are less than 50–90 mm (2–4 in) long, about 3 mm (0.1 in) wide at the base and the petals are 50–70 mm (2–3 in) long and about 2 mm (0.08 in) wide at the base. The labellum is 8–12 mm (0.3–0.5 in) long, 5–7 mm (0.2–0.3 in) wide and white or cream-coloured with red lines and spots. The edge of the labellum has short, forward-facing teeth and there are two rows of red to cream-coloured calli along its centre. Flowering occurs from June to August.[2][3][4]
Taxonomy and naming
editCaladenia exilis subsp. vanleeuwenii was first formally described in 2001 by Stephen Hopper & Andrew Brown and the description was published in Nuytsia.[1] The specific epithet (vanleeuwenii) honours Steven van Leeuwen, an Australian research scientist who first recognised the species as distinct.[3]
Distribution and habitat
editMoora spider orchid occurs between Watheroo and Wongan Hills in the Avon Wheatbelt and Jarrah Forest biogeographic regions where it grows in York gum and salmon gum forests which are wet in winter.[3][4][5]
Conservation
editCaladenia exilis subsp. vanleeuwenii is classified as "not threatened" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.[5]
References
edit- ^ a b c "Caladenia exilis subsp. vanleeuwenii". APNI. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
- ^ Jones, David L. (2006). A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: New Holland. p. 103. ISBN 1877069124.
- ^ a b c Brown, Andrew; Dixon, Kingsley; French, Christopher; Brockman, Garry (2013). Field guide to the orchids of Western Australia : the definitive guide to the native orchids of Western Australia. Simon Nevill Publications. p. 60. ISBN 9780980348149.
- ^ a b Hoffman, Noel; Brown, Andrew (2011). Orchids of South-West Australia (3rd ed.). Gooseberry Hill: Noel Hoffman. p. 36. ISBN 9780646562322.
- ^ a b "Caladenia exilis subsp. vanleeuwenii". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.