Caladenia multiclavia, commonly known as the lazy spider orchid, is a species of orchid, endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has a single, hairy leaf and one or two greenish-yellow, red and cream-coloured flowers resembling a reclining spider. Although it usually only has a single flower, it often grows in clumps of up to six plants.
| Lazy spider orchid | |
|---|---|
| |
| Caladenia multiclavia growing near Jerramungup | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Orchidaceae |
| Subfamily: | Orchidoideae |
| Tribe: | Diurideae |
| Genus: | Caladenia |
| Species: | C. multiclavia
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| Binomial name | |
| Caladenia multiclavia | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
Description
editCaladenia multiclavia is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and a single erect, hairy leaf, 40–100 mm (2–4 in) long and 5–10 mm (0.2–0.4 in) wide. Up to three greenish-yellow, red and cream-coloured flowers, 30–40 mm (1–2 in) long and wide are borne on a stalk 100–250 mm (4–10 in) tall. The flowers are greenish-yellow, red and cream-coloured, shaped like a reclining spider and the sepals and petals have thin, thread-like tips. The dorsal sepal and petals are close together and parallel, curved down behind the column near their bases, then upswept at the back of the flower. The lateral sepals are similarly arranged but at the front of the flower. The dorsal sepal is 30–40 mm (1–2 in) long and 3–4 mm (0.1–0.2 in) wide, the lateral sepals are 30–40 mm (1–2 in) long and 4–5 mm (0.16–0.20 in) wide and the petals are 25–35 mm (0.98–1.4 in) long and about 3 mm (0.12 in) wide. The labellum is 14–16 mm (0.55–0.63 in) long and wide, diamond-shaped and prominently red-striped in the centre of the flower. In the centre of the labellum there is a dense cluster of reddish, club-shaped calli up to 2.5 mm (0.1 in) long. Flowering occurs from September to October.[2][3][4]
Taxonomy and naming
editCaladenia multiclavia was first described in 1871 by Heinrich Reichenbach and the description was published in Beitrage zur Systematischen Pflanzenkunde.[1][5] The specific epithet (multiclavia) is derived from the Latin words multus meaning "much" or "many"[6]: 64 and clava meaning "club",[6]: 213 referring to the many calli on the labellum of this species.[3]
Distribution and habitat
editThe lazy spider orchid occurs in a band between Wongan Hills and Ravensthorpe in the Avon Wheatbelt, Esperance Plains and Mallee biogeographic regions where it grows in she-oak thickets and open woodland.[2][3][4][7]
Conservation
editCaladenia multiclavia is classified as "not threatened" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.[7]
References
edit- ^ a b c "Caladenia multiclavia". APNI. Retrieved 11 February 2017.
- ^ a b Jones, David L. (2006). A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: New Holland. p. 113. ISBN 1877069124.
- ^ a b c Brown, Andrew; Dundas, Pat; Dixon, Kingsley; Hopper, Stephen (2008). Orchids of Western Australia. Crawley, Western Australia: University of Western Australia Press. p. 160. ISBN 9780980296457.
- ^ a b Hoffman, Noel; Brown, Andrew (2011). Orchids of South-West Australia (3rd ed.). Gooseberry Hill: Noel Hoffman. p. 81. ISBN 9780646562322.
- ^ Reichenbach, Heinrich Gustav (1871). Beitrage zur Systematischen Pflanzenkunde. Hamburg: Th. G. Meissner. p. 64. Retrieved 22 February 2017.
- ^ a b Brown, Roland Wilbur (1956). The Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press.
- ^ a b "Caladenia multiclavia". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.