Caledonia, Nova Scotia may refer to:
- Caledonia, Nova Scotia, a village in the northern Region of Queens Municipality
- Caledonia (St. Marys), Nova Scotia, a community in St. Mary's, Nova Scotia
- Caledonia Cape Breton, Nova Scotia, a community in Cape Breton Regional Municipality
- Caledonia Junction, Nova Scotia a community in Lunenburg County
- Caledonia Mills, Nova Scotia a community in Antigonish County
- Port Caledonia