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Califon, New Jersey

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Califon is a borough in Hunterdon County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 1,005,[9] a decrease of 71 (−6.6%) from the 2010 census count of 1,076,[17][18] which in turn reflected an increase of 21 (+2.0%) from the 1,055 counted in the 2000 census.[19]

Califon, New Jersey
Borough
Victorian house on Main Street
Victorian house on Main Street
Official seal of Califon, New Jersey
wordmark
Location of Califon in Hunterdon County highlighted in red (left). Inset map: Location of Hunterdon County in New Jersey highlighted in orange (right).
Location of Califon in Hunterdon County highlighted in red (left). Inset map: Location of Hunterdon County in New Jersey highlighted in orange (right).
Census Bureau map of Califon, New Jersey
Census Bureau map of Califon, New Jersey
Califon is located in Hunterdon County, New Jersey
Califon
Califon
Location in Hunterdon County
Califon is located in New Jersey
Califon
Califon
Location in New Jersey
Califon is located in the United States
Califon
Califon
Location in the United States
Coordinates: 40°43′09″N 74°50′13″W / 40.71917°N 74.83694°W / 40.71917; -74.83694[1][2]
Country United States
State New Jersey
CountyHunterdon
IncorporatedApril 2, 1918
Named forCalifornia
Government
[6]
 • TypeBorough
 • BodyBorough Council
 • MayorCharles Daniel (D, term ends December 31, 2026)[3][4]
 • Administrator / Municipal clerkKaren Mastro[5]
Area
[7]
 • Total0.98 sq mi (2.54 km2)
 • Land0.96 sq mi (2.48 km2)
 • Water0.02 sq mi (0.05 km2)  2.04%
 • Rank502nd of 565 in state
23rd of 26 in county[8]
Elevation
[1]
479 ft (146 m)
Population
 (2020)[9]
 • Total1,005
 • Estimate 
(2023)[10]
1,013
 • Rank531st of 565 in state
24th of 26 in county[11]
 • Density1,048.1/sq mi (404.7/km2)
  • Rank378th of 565 in state
8th of 26 in county[11]
Time zoneUTC−05:00 (Eastern (EST))
 • Summer (DST)UTC−04:00 (Eastern (EDT))
ZIP Code
07830[12][13]
Area code908[14]
FIPS code3401909280[8][15][16]
GNIS feature ID885176[1]
Websitewww.califonboro.org

The borough's name is said to have been inspired by the California gold rush of 1849.[20][21] The name was shortened to Califon, supposedly because the longer name could not be fit on signs at the train station.[22]

History

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Califon Station

Califon was a station on the High Bridge Branch of the Central Railroad of New Jersey. The station was built in 1875 and is now used as a museum by the Califon Historical Society.[23][24] The rail line was abandoned in 1976 and now serves as a Hunterdon County-administered rail trail called Columbia Trail, which runs south to High Bridge and north to points in Morris County.

Though the mills were present in the area of Califon for some time prior to its incorporation as a town, it was quite a while before growth became evident in the mid-nineteenth century. The J. K. Apgar Farmhouse, listed on the National Register of Historic Places, exemplifies the early stone farmhouses constructed in the region in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century.[25] The area that would become Califon was first called California, from Jacob Neighbor's enthusiasm in the milling business about the time the California Gold Rush broke out. The borough was incorporated by an act of the New Jersey Legislature from portions of both Lebanon and Tewksbury Townships on April 2, 1918.[26]

Local legend has it that California became a regular stop for weekend excursion trains through the countryside. When riders bought their tickets they were issued a voucher good for an ice cream; the train would stop so tourists could wander around and cash in their ice cream coupons. Anxious to exploit this source of outside revenue, residents petitioned the railroad to let them build a real station, which they did as a community project. Citing the local account again, two sign painters who came to letter the sign rode the train from Dunellen, but the background paint wasn't dry when they arrived. They sat and drank at the hotel, which later burned down. By the time the sign was ready for their artistic touch, the local tale says, "Califon" was as close to California as the inebriated painters could manage.[citation needed]

Califon is situated just north of the Ken Lockwood Gorge on the South Branch of the Raritan River; this pristine stretch of clear water and forest is a well-known treasure for New Jersey trout fishermen. It is regularly restocked by the state fisheries service.

 
Califon Main Street Bridge

The center of Califon is the historic iron bridge spanning the South Branch of the Raritan River, which divides the borough.[27] Recently the State of New Jersey announced that the bridge would be replaced because a loaded school bus represented more weight than the aging bridge could safely carry. Incensed citizens objected, protective of the landmark, and found a colorful but simple solution; the school bus stops at one end of the bridge unloading the students, who then walk across to the other side. Then the empty bus, within imposed weight limits, drives across and the students get back on the bus to continue their ride. Thus the bridge was saved. (Account featured on Califon website).

The 1943 short story, "The Greatest Gift," was set in a town inspired by Califon and adapted into the 1946 classic film It's a Wonderful Life. Author Philip Van Doren Stern said in a 1946 interview, "Incidentally, the movie takes place in Westchester County. Actually, the town I had in mind was Califon, N.J." The historic iron bridge in Califon is similar to the bridge that George Bailey considered jumping from in the movie.[28]

Califon became a regional household name when frequently mentioned by Merv Griffin on his TV show during the 1970s. He and his wife Juliette owned a home in nearby Lebanon Township, which had a Califon mailing address, and, while they were married, they were often seen visiting the village in a fringed-top Bermuda-style resort cart, though they lived over 2 miles away. Califon Productions created all of his television ventures.[29]

Hoffman's Crossing was named for Issac Hoffman, who farmed land that lies just south of Califon Bridge, along present day County Route 513.[30]

Historic district

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Califon Historic District
 
Victorian houses on Academy Street
LocationMain, Academy, Mill, Bank and First streets; Railroad and Philhower avenues; and River Road
Area164 acres (66 ha)
Architectural styleLate 19th and 20th Century Revivals, Late Victorian, Mid 19th Century
NRHP reference No.76001157[31]
NJRHP No.1565[32]
Significant dates
Added to NRHPOctober 14, 1976
Designated NJRHPMay 8, 1975

The Califon Historic District is a 164-acre (66 ha) historic district encompassing much of the borough. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on October 14, 1976, for its significance in commerce. The district includes 154 contributing buildings, three contributing structures, and one contributing site.[24] It was created through the efforts of the Califon Historical Society. Califon is a Victorian-style enclave where the houses are marked with the names of the builders and their dates of establishment rather than with street numbers.

The Joseph Tiger House was built of stone in 1846. A stone raceway runs under the former Beatty's Store, indicating a possible mill site. The mid-19th century house at 1 First Street features a gable roof with an intersecting dormer. The Califon Main Street Bridge is a Pratt thru truss design built in 1887 by I. P. Bartley & Co. of Morris County.[24]

  •  
    Victorian houses on Main Street
  •  
    Joseph Tiger House on Mill Street
  •  
    Former Beatty's Store on Main Street
  •  
    1 First Street

Geography

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According to the United States Census Bureau, the borough had a total area of 0.98 square miles (2.54 km2), including 0.96 square miles (2.48 km2) of land and 0.02 square miles (0.05 km2) of water (2.04%).[8][2]

Califon borders the Hunterdon County municipalities of Lebanon Township and Tewksbury Township.[33][34][35]

Lower Valley is an unincorporated community located along the border of Califon and Lebanon Township.[36]

Demographics

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Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
1920513—
19305344.1%
19405727.1%
19506238.9%
196077724.7%
197097024.8%
19801,0235.5%
19901,0734.9%
20001,055−1.7%
20101,0762.0%
20201,005−6.6%
2023 (est.)1,013[10]0.8%
Population sources: 1920[37]
1920–1930[38] 1940–2000[39]
2000[40][41] 2010[17][18] 2020[9]

2010 census

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The 2010 United States census counted 1,076 people, 394 households, and 309 families in the borough. The population density was 1,133.3 per square mile (437.6/km2). There were 419 housing units at an average density of 441.3 per square mile (170.4/km2). The racial makeup was 96.10% (1,034) White, 0.28% (3) Black or African American, 0.09% (1) Native American, 0.84% (9) Asian, 0.00% (0) Pacific Islander, 0.09% (1) from other races, and 2.60% (28) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.30% (14) of the population.[17]

Of the 394 households, 40.1% had children under the age of 18; 67.8% were married couples living together; 7.6% had a female householder with no husband present and 21.6% were non-families. Of all households, 17.8% were made up of individuals and 5.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.73 and the average family size was 3.14.[17]

28.2% of the population were under the age of 18, 4.8% from 18 to 24, 22.6% from 25 to 44, 34.9% from 45 to 64, and 9.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41.9 years. For every 100 females, the population had 93.5 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older there were 88.5 males.[17]

The Census Bureau's 2006–2010 American Community Survey showed that (in 2010 inflation-adjusted dollars) median household income was $108,375 (with a margin of error of +/− $9,026) and the median family income was $110,365 (+/− $5,782). Males had a median income of $95,536 (+/− $13,555) versus $73,958 (+/− $14,845) for females. The per capita income for the borough was $42,975 (+/− $5,250). About 1.7% of families and 2.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 0.8% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.[42]

2000 census

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As of the 2000 United States census[15] there were 1,055 people, 401 households, and 301 families residing in the borough. The population density was 1,093.2 inhabitants per square mile (422.1/km2). There were 410 housing units at an average density of 424.9 per square mile (164.1/km2). The racial makeup of the borough was 98.67% White, 0.76% Asian, and 0.57% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.47% of the population.[40][41]

There were 401 households, out of which 36.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 68.8% were married couples living together, 4.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.7% were non-families. 21.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.63 and the average family size was 3.11.[40][41]

In the borough the population was spread out, with 26.8% under the age of 18, 4.1% from 18 to 24, 30.6% from 25 to 44, 27.9% from 45 to 64, and 10.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.1 males.[40][41]

The median income for a household in the borough was $76,657, and the median income for a family was $85,963. Males had a median income of $59,167 versus $41,125 for females. The per capita income for the borough was $31,064. About 3.3% of families and 4.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.5% of those under age 18 and 14.8% of those age 65 or over.[40][41]

Parks and recreation

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Califon hosts part of a rail trail that was created out of the former Central Railroad of New Jersey High Bridge Branch. The trail is maintained by Hunterdon County Parks and Recreation and is called the Columbia Trail, which includes a scenic area known as the Ken Lockwood Gorge.[43][44]

Government

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Local government

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Califon is governed under the borough form of New Jersey municipal government, which is used in 218 municipalities (of the 564) statewide, making it the most common form of government in New Jersey.[45] The governing body is comprised of a mayor and a borough council, with all positions elected at-large on a partisan basis as part of the November general election. A mayor is elected directly by the voters to a four-year term of office. The borough council includes six members elected to serve three-year terms on a staggered basis, with two seats coming up for election each year in a three-year cycle.[6] The borough form of government used by Califon is a "weak mayor / strong council" government in which council members act as the legislative body with the mayor presiding at meetings and voting only in the event of a tie. The mayor can veto ordinances subject to an override by a two-thirds majority vote of the council. The mayor makes committee and liaison assignments for council members, and most appointments are made by the mayor with the advice and consent of the council.[46][47]

As of 2023, the mayor of Califon Borough is Democrat Charles Daniel, whose term of office ends December 31, 2026. Members of the Califon Borough Council are Council President Michael P. Medea (D, 2024), Richard Baggstrom (R, 2023), Ed Haversang (R, 2023), Leo M. Janas (D, 2024), Jason Ruggiero (R, 2025) and Cathy Smith (D, 2025).[3][48][49][50][51][52][53]

Police coverage in the borough is provided by the Washington Township (Morris County) Police Department under the terms of a shared services agreement between the two municipalities.[54]

Federal, state and county representation

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Califon is located in the 7th Congressional District[55] and is part of New Jersey's 23rd state legislative district.[56][57][58]

For the 118th United States Congress, New Jersey's 7th congressional district is represented by Thomas Kean Jr. (R, Westfield).[59] New Jersey is represented in the United States Senate by Democrats Cory Booker (Newark, term ends 2027)[60] and George Helmy (Mountain Lakes, term ends 2024).[61][62]

For the 2024-2025 session, the 23rd legislative district of the New Jersey Legislature is represented in the State Senate by Doug Steinhardt (R, Lopatcong Township) and in the General Assembly by John DiMaio (R, Hackettstown) and Erik Peterson (R, Franklin Township).[63]

Hunterdon County is governed by a Board of Chosen Commissioners composed of five members who are elected at-large on a partisan basis to serve three-year terms of office on a staggered basis, with either one or two seats up for election each year as part of the November general election. At an annual reorganization meeting held each January, the commissioners select one member to serve as the board's Director and another to serve as Deputy Director, each for a one-year term.[64][65] As of 2024, Hunterdon County's Commissioners are:

Zachary T. Rich (R; West Amwell Township, 2025),[66] Director Jeff Kuhl (R; Raritan Township, 2024)[67] John E. Lanza (R; Raritan Township, 2025),[68] Deputy Director Susan Soloway (R; Franklin Township, 2024)[69] and Shaun C. Van Doren (R; Tewksbury Township, 2026).[70][71]

Constitutional officers elected on a countywide basis are: Clerk Mary H. Melfi (R; Flemington, 2026),[72][73] Sheriff Fredrick W. Brown (R; Alexandria Township, 2025)[74][75] and Surrogate Heidi Rohrbach (R; Lebanon Township, 2028).[76][77]

Politics

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As of March 2011, there were a total of 723 registered voters in Califon, of which 214 (29.6%) were registered as Democrats, 252 (34.9%) were registered as Republicans and 257 (35.5%) were registered as Unaffiliated. There were no voters registered to other parties.[78]

In the 2012 presidential election, Democrat Barack Obama received 51.0% of the vote (290 cast), ahead of Republican Mitt Romney with 47.3% (269 votes), and other candidates with 1.8% (10 votes), among the 573 ballots cast by the borough's 773 registered voters (4 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 74.1%.[79][80] In the 2008 presidential election, Democrat Barack Obama received 51.1% of the vote (324 cast), ahead of Republican John McCain with 46.4% (294 votes) and other candidates with 1.7% (11 votes), among the 634 ballots cast by the borough's 792 registered voters, for a turnout of 80.1%.[81] In the 2004 presidential election, Republican George W. Bush received 51.2% of the vote (330 ballots cast), outpolling Democrat John Kerry with 47.2% (304 votes) and other candidates with 1.3% (10 votes), among the 644 ballots cast by the borough's 796 registered voters, for a turnout percentage of 80.9.[82]

In the 2013 gubernatorial election, Republican Chris Christie received 62.4% of the vote (237 cast), ahead of Democrat Barbara Buono with 35.3% (134 votes), and other candidates with 2.4% (9 votes), among the 383 ballots cast by the borough's 774 registered voters (3 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 49.5%.[83][84] In the 2009 gubernatorial election, Republican Chris Christie received 55.4% of the vote (251 ballots cast), ahead of Democrat Jon Corzine with 30.5% (138 votes), Independent Chris Daggett with 12.1% (55 votes) and other candidates with 0.9% (4 votes), among the 453 ballots cast by the borough's 772 registered voters, yielding a 58.7% turnout.[85]

Education

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The Califon School District serves students in public school for pre-kindergarten through eighth grade at Califon Public School.[86][87][88] As of the 2021–22 school year, the district, comprised of one school, had an enrollment of 83 students and 14.9 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 5.6:1.[89] In the 2016–2017 school year, Califon had the seventh-smallest enrollment of any school district in the state.[90]

Public school students in ninth through twelfth grades attend Voorhees High School, which also serves students from Glen Gardner, Hampton, High Bridge, Lebanon Township and Tewksbury Township.[91] As of the 2021–22 school year, the high school had an enrollment of 780 students and 76.4 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 10.2:1.[92] The school is part of the North Hunterdon-Voorhees Regional High School District, which also includes students from Bethlehem Township, Clinton Town, Clinton Township, Franklin Township, Lebanon Borough and Union Township who attend North Hunterdon High School in Annandale.[93][94][95]

Eighth grade students from all of Hunterdon County are eligible to apply to attend the high school programs offered by the Hunterdon County Vocational School District, a county-wide vocational school district that offers career and technical education at its campuses in Raritan Township and at programs sited at local high schools, with tuition covered by local taxes.[96]

Places of worship

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The Califon United Methodist Church was founded in 1867, but the oldest part of the building was built in 1824 at Oldwick and moved here. The newer sanctuary facing River Road was built in 1891.[97][98] The Lower Valley Presbyterian Church was built in 1871.[99][100] Both are noted by the Califon Historical Society.[23]

  •  
    United Methodist Church on River Road
  •  
    Lower Valley Presbyterian Church

Transportation

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County Route 512 in Califon

As of May 2010, the borough had a total of 11.50 miles (18.51 km) of roadways, of which 9.50 miles (15.29 km) were maintained by the municipality and 2.00 miles (3.22 km) by Hunterdon County.[101]

The most prominent roads passing through Califon are County Route 512[102] and 513.[103][104]

Notable people

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See also: Category:People from Califon, New Jersey

People who were born in, residents of, or otherwise closely associated with Califon include:

References

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  1. ^ a b c "Borough of Califon". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior.
  2. ^ a b US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990, United States Census Bureau. Accessed September 4, 2014.
  3. ^ a b Staff Directory, Borough of Califon. Accessed May 3, 2023.
  4. ^ 2023 New Jersey Mayors Directory, New Jersey Department of Community Affairs, updated February 8, 2023. Accessed February 10, 2023.
  5. ^ Staff Directory, Borough of Califon. Accessed March 2, 2023.
  6. ^ a b 2012 New Jersey Legislative District Data Book, Rutgers University Edward J. Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy, March 2013, p. 110.
  7. ^ "ArcGIS REST Services Directory". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved October 11, 2022.
  8. ^ a b c 2019 Census Gazetteer Files: New Jersey Places, United States Census Bureau. Accessed July 1, 2020.
  9. ^ a b c Total Population: Census 2010 - Census 2020 New Jersey Municipalities, New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development. Accessed December 1, 2022.
  10. ^ a b Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Minor Civil Divisions in New Jersey: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2023, United States Census Bureau, released May 2024. Accessed May 16, 2024.
  11. ^ a b Population Density by County and Municipality: New Jersey, 2020 and 2021, New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development. Accessed March 1, 2023.
  12. ^ Look Up a ZIP Code for Califon, NJ, United States Postal Service. Accessed November 14, 2012.
  13. ^ ZIP Codes, State of New Jersey. Accessed September 8, 2013.
  14. ^ Area Code Lookup - NPA NXX for Califon, NJ, Area-Codes.com. Accessed September 8, 2013.
  15. ^ a b U.S. Census website, United States Census Bureau. Accessed September 4, 2014.
  16. ^ Geographic Codes Lookup for New Jersey, Missouri Census Data Center. Accessed April 1, 2022.
  17. ^ a b c d e DP-1 - Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 for Califon borough, Hunterdon County, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed November 14, 2012.
  18. ^ a b Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2010 for Califon borough Archived 2013-08-20 at the Wayback Machine, New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development. Accessed November 14, 2012.
  19. ^ Table 7. Population for the Counties and Municipalities in New Jersey: 1990, 2000 and 2010, New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development, February 2011. Accessed May 1, 2023.
  20. ^ Resnick, Abraham. "Where Did This Name Come From", The New York Times, February 25, 1990. Accessed July 3, 2011. "In the western part of the state, Califon is believed to have been named during the California gold rush, because an enterprising mill operator sold a special cattle feed that resembled gold."
  21. ^ Hutchinson, Viola L. The Origin of New Jersey Place Names, New Jersey Public Library Commission, May 1945. Accessed March 15, 2023.
  22. ^ Califon History, Californ Historical Society. Accessed March 21, 2023. "1849 Jacob Neighbor returns from the California Gold Rush and christens the town California. 1875 Legend has it that the train station sign painters could not fit California on the new station signs, and so shortened the name to Califon."
  23. ^ a b "A Walking Tour of Historic Califon" (PDF). Califon Historical Society.
  24. ^ a b c Karschner, Terry (August 1974). "National Register of Historic Places Inventory/Nomination: Califon Historic District". National Park Service. With accompanying 28 photos
  25. ^ Karschner, Terry (April 1979). "National Register of Historic Places Inventory/Nomination: J.K. Apgar Farmhouse". National Park Service.
  26. ^ Snyder, John P. The Story of New Jersey's Civil Boundaries: 1606-1968, Bureau of Geology and Topography; Trenton, New Jersey; 1969. p. 154. Accessed October 25, 2012.
  27. ^ Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) No. NJ-56, "Califon Bridge," 1986.
  28. ^ Heyboer, Kelly (December 24, 2017). "The surprising Jersey roots of 'It's a Wonderful Life'". NJ.com. Archived from the original on December 24, 2017. Retrieved December 25, 2017.
  29. ^ a b Holl, John. "To Califon, Merv was a regular farm guy" Archived September 29, 2007, at the Wayback Machine, The Star-Ledger, August 14, 2007. Accessed September 4, 2007. "Viewers who pay careful attention to the closing credits on Wheel of Fortune will see the game show is produced by Califon Productions, a subtle nod from Merv Griffin, the program's creator, to the Hunterdon County community where he once owned a farm."
  30. ^ "Isaac Hoffman, Bank Official and Farmer". Plainfield Courier-News. August 17, 1959. p. 20 – via Newspapers.com. In his early life he was a farmer in Hoffman's Crossing area (which had been named for him) between Califon and High Bridge.
  31. ^ "National Register Information System – (#76001157)". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. November 2, 2013.
  32. ^ "New Jersey and National Registers of Historic Places – Hunterdon County" (PDF). New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection – Historic Preservation Office. March 23, 2021. p. 2.
  33. ^ Areas touching Califon, Mapit. Accessed March 22, 2020.
  34. ^ Map of County Municipalities, Hunterdon County, New Jersey. Accessed July 30, 2023.
  35. ^ New Jersey Municipal Boundaries, New Jersey Department of Transportation. Accessed November 15, 2019.
  36. ^ "Chapter 257: An Act to incorporate the borough of Califon, in the county of Hunterdon". Acts of the Legislature of the State of New Jersey. New Jersey. 1918. pp. 979–984. Approved March 4, 1918.
  37. ^ Compendium of censuses 1726-1905: together with the tabulated returns of 1905, New Jersey Department of State, 1906. Accessed September 8, 2013.
  38. ^ Fifteenth Census of the United States : 1930 - Population Volume I, United States Census Bureau, p. 716. Accessed November 14, 2012.
  39. ^ Table 6: New Jersey Resident Population by Municipality: 1940 - 2000, Workforce New Jersey Public Information Network, August 2001. Accessed May 1, 2023.
  40. ^ a b c d e Census 2000 Profiles of Demographic / Social / Economic / Housing Characteristics for Califon borough, New Jersey Archived 2013-08-19 at the Wayback Machine, United States Census Bureau. Accessed November 14, 2012.
  41. ^ a b c d e DP-1: Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2000 - Census 2000 Summary File 1 (SF 1) 100-Percent Data for Califon borough, Hunterdon County, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed November 14, 2012.
  42. ^ DP03: Selected Economic Characteristics from the 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates for Califon borough, Hunterdon County, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed November 14, 2012.
  43. ^ Columbia Trail, Hunterdon County, New Jersey Division of Parks and Recreation. Accessed March 3, 2023.
  44. ^ A Gorgeous Ride: The Columbia Trail, New Jersey Department of Transportation. Accessed March 3, 2023.
  45. ^ Inventory of Municipal Forms of Government in New Jersey, Rutgers University Center for Government Studies, July 1, 2011. Accessed June 1, 2023.
  46. ^ Cerra, Michael F. "Forms of Government: Everything You've Always Wanted to Know, But Were Afraid to Ask" Archived 2014-09-24 at the Wayback Machine, New Jersey State League of Municipalities. Accessed November 30, 2014.
  47. ^ "Forms of Municipal Government in New Jersey", p. 6. Rutgers University Center for Government Studies. Accessed June 1, 2023.
  48. ^ 2023 Municipal Data Sheet, Borough of Califon. Accessed May 3, 2023.
  49. ^ Borough of Califon, Hunterdon County, New Jersey. Accessed May 3, 2023.
  50. ^ 2022 County and Municipal Directory, Hunterdon County, New Jersey. Accessed May 1, 2023.
  51. ^ Hunterdon County District Canvass November 8, 2022, General Election, Hunterdon County, New Jersey, updated November 21, 2022. Accessed January 1, 2023.
  52. ^ November 2, 2021 District Report Hunterdon County Official Results, Hunterdon County, New Jersey, updated November 12, 2021. Accessed January 1, 2022.
  53. ^ November 3, 2020 District Report Hunterdon County Official Results, Hunterdon County, New Jersey, updated November 20, 2020. Accessed January 1, 2021.
  54. ^ Useful Links, Borough of Califon. Accessed November 15, 2019. "Califon has a shared service with the Washington Township Police Department for police coverage."
  55. ^ Plan Components Report, New Jersey Redistricting Commission, December 23, 2011. Accessed February 1, 2020.
  56. ^ Municipalities Sorted by 2011-2020 Legislative District, New Jersey Department of State. Accessed February 1, 2020.
  57. ^ 2019 New Jersey Citizen's Guide to Government, New Jersey League of Women Voters. Accessed October 30, 2019.
  58. ^ Districts by Number for 2011-2020, New Jersey Legislature. Accessed January 6, 2013.
  59. ^ "Congressman Malinowski Fights For The Corporate Transparency Act", Tom Malinowski, press release dated October 23, 2019. Accessed January 19, 2022. "My name, Tom Malinowski. My address, 86 Washington Street, Rocky Hill, NJ 08553."
  60. ^ U.S. Sen. Cory Booker cruises past Republican challenger Rik Mehta in New Jersey, PhillyVoice. Accessed April 30, 2021. "He now owns a home and lives in Newark's Central Ward community."
  61. ^ https://www.nytimes.com/2024/08/23/nyregion/george-helmy-bob-menendez-murphy.html
  62. ^ Tully, Tracey (August 23, 2024). "Menendez's Senate Replacement Has Been a Democrat for Just 5 Months". The New York Times. Retrieved August 23, 2024.
  63. ^ Legislative Roster for District 23, New Jersey Legislature. Accessed January 18, 2024.
  64. ^ Board of County Commissioners, Hunterdon County, New Jersey. Accessed March 1, 2023. "As top governing officials of Hunterdon County, the five Commissioners are chosen by popular vote in the November general elections. The term of office is for two or three years and the current compensation is $16,000 a year, with an extra $1,000 for the Director. One or two of the five members is elected each year."
  65. ^ Elected and Appointed Officials, Hunterdon County, New Jersey. Accessed March 1, 2023.
  66. ^ Zachary T. Rich, Hunterdon County, New Jersey. Accessed March 1, 2023.
  67. ^ Jeff Kuhl, Hunterdon County, New Jersey. Accessed March 1, 2023.
  68. ^ John E. Lanza, Hunterdon County, New Jersey. Accessed March 1, 2023.
  69. ^ Susan Soloway, Hunterdon County, New Jersey. Accessed March 1, 2023.
  70. ^ Shaun C. Van Doren, Hunterdon County, New Jersey. Accessed March 1, 2025.
  71. ^ 2022 County Data Sheet, Hunterdon County, New Jersey. Accessed March 1, 2023.
  72. ^ Clerk Mary H. Melfi, Hunterdon County, New Jersey. Accessed March 1, 2023.
  73. ^ Clerks, Constitutional Officers Association of New Jersey. Accessed March 1, 2023.
  74. ^ Meet the Sheriff, Hunterdon County, New Jersey. Accessed March 1, 2023.
  75. ^ Sheriffs, Constitutional Officers Association of New Jersey. Accessed March 1, 2023.
  76. ^ Surrogate Susan J. Hoffman, Hunterdon County, New Jersey. Accessed March 1, 2023.
  77. ^ Surrogates, Constitutional Officers Association of New Jersey. Accessed March 1, 2023.
  78. ^ Voter Registration Summary - Hunterdon, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, March 23, 2011. Accessed November 14, 2012.
  79. ^ "Presidential General Election Results - November 6, 2012 - Hunterdon County" (PDF). New Jersey Department of Elections. March 15, 2013. Retrieved December 24, 2014.
  80. ^ "Number of Registered Voters and Ballots Cast - November 6, 2012 - General Election Results - Hunterdon County" (PDF). New Jersey Department of Elections. March 15, 2013. Retrieved December 24, 2014.
  81. ^ 2008 Presidential General Election Results: Hunterdon County, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, December 23, 2008. Accessed November 14, 2012.
  82. ^ 2004 Presidential Election: Hunterdon County, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, December 13, 2004. Accessed November 14, 2012.
  83. ^ "Governor - Hunterdon County" (PDF). New Jersey Department of Elections. January 29, 2014. Retrieved December 24, 2014.
  84. ^ "Number of Registered Voters and Ballots Cast - November 5, 2013 - General Election Results - Hunterdon County" (PDF). New Jersey Department of Elections. January 29, 2014. Retrieved December 24, 2014.
  85. ^ 2009 Governor: Hunterdon County Archived 2012-10-17 at the Wayback Machine, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, December 31, 2009. Accessed November 14, 2012.
  86. ^ Califon Board of Education District Policy 0110 - Identification, Califon School District. Accessed June 23, 2022. "Purpose The Board of Education exists for the purpose of providing a thorough and efficient system of free public education in grades Pre-Kindergarten through eight in the Califon School District. Composition The Califon School District is comprised of all the area within the municipal boundaries of Califon."
  87. ^ 2021-2022 School Directory, Hunterdon County, New Jersey. Accessed June 23, 2022.
  88. ^ School Performance Reports for the Califon Public School District, New Jersey Department of Education. Accessed September 15, 2023.
  89. ^ District information for Califon Borough School District, National Center for Education Statistics. Accessed December 1, 2022.
  90. ^ Guion, Payton. "These 43 N.J. school districts have fewer than 200 students", NJ Advance Media for NJ.com, September 2017. Accessed January 30, 2020. "Based on data from the state Department of Education from the last school year and the Census Bureau, NJ Advance Media made a list of the smallest of the small school districts in the state, excluding charter schools and specialty institutions.... 7. Califon Borough - Enrollment: 93; Grades: Pre-K-8; County: Hunterdon"
  91. ^ Voorhees High School 2015 Report Card Narrative, New Jersey Department of Education. Accessed June 3, 2016. "Voorhees High School has consistently ranked among the top high schools in New Jersey and was named a National Blue Ribbon School in 2015. With an enrollment of 1,095 students in grades 9-12, the school serves the communities of Califon, Glen Gardner, Hampton, High Bridge, Lebanon Township, and Tewksbury Township."
  92. ^ School data for Voorhees High School, National Center for Education Statistics. Accessed December 1, 2022.
  93. ^ About the North Hunterdon-Voorhees Regional High School District, North Hunterdon-Voorhees Regional High School District. Accessed February 13, 2015. "North Hunterdon High School educates students from: Bethlehem Township, Clinton Town, Clinton Township, Franklin Township, Lebanon Borough, Union Township; Voorhees High School educates students from: Califon, Glen Gardner, Hampton, High Bridge, Lebanon Township, Tewksbury Township"
  94. ^ Information Regarding Choice of District School, North Hunterdon-Voorhees Regional High School District. Accessed February 13, 2015. "In the past, parents and students of the North Hunterdon High School sending districts were able to select either North Hunterdon High School or Voorhees High School as their school of choice.... As our student population continued to grow and our two high schools reached, and exceeded, 90% capacity, the option of choosing Voorhees was eliminated in the 2005-2006 school year for the North Hunterdon sending districts (Bethlehem Township, Clinton Township, Franklin Township, Lebanon Borough and Union Township – Clinton Town students still have choice as they are classmates at Clinton Public School with Glen Gardner students, who attend Voorhees)."
  95. ^ About the District North Hunterdoon-Voorhees Regional High School District. Accessed February 13, 2015. "North Hunterdon High School educates students from: Bethlehem Township, Clinton Town, Clinton Township, Franklin Township, Lebanon Borough, Union Township; Voorhees High School educates students from: Califon, Glen Gardner, Hampton, High Bridge, Lebanon Township, Tewksbury Township"
  96. ^ Heyboer, Kelly. "How to get your kid a seat in one of N.J.'s hardest-to-get-into high schools", NJ Advance Media for NJ.com, May 2017. Accessed November 18, 2019. "Hunterdon County's vo-tech district has three academies for high-achieving students, all operating in partnerships with local high schools.... The academies are open to all students in the county. Students in the 8th grade are required to submit an application, schedule an interview and take a placement exam."
  97. ^ Greenagel, Frank L. (2001). "Califon Methodist Episcopal Church". The New Jersey Churchscape. Rutgers University Press. ISBN 9-780-8135-2990-5.
  98. ^ "About Califon United Methodist Church". Califon United Methodist Church.
  99. ^ Greenagel, Frank L. (2001). "Lower Valley Presbyterian Church". The New Jersey Churchscape. Rutgers University Press. ISBN 9-780-8135-2990-5.
  100. ^ "Lower Valley Presbyterian Church". Lower Valley Presbyterian Church.
  101. ^ Hunterdon County Mileage by Municipality and Jurisdiction, New Jersey Department of Transportation, May 2010. Accessed July 18, 2014.
  102. ^ County Route 512 Straight Line Diagram, New Jersey Department of Transportation, updated November 2012. Accessed March 2, 2023.
  103. ^ County Route 513 Straight Line Diagram, New Jersey Department of Transportation, updated November 2012. Accessed March 2, 2023.
  104. ^ Hunterdon County Highway Map, New Jersey Department of Transportation. Accessed March 2, 2023.
  105. ^ Schultz, Eric. "W. Carl Burger: Mastery of the Medium", State of the Arts, September 22, 2020. Accessed November 13, 2023. "In the first feature, produced in 1983, Carl was still teaching at Kean University and living with his partner Peter in the house they built together in Califon, NJ."
  106. ^ "Thomas W. Greelish, 51, Ex-U.S. Attorney for N.J.". The Record. June 25, 1991.
  107. ^ McLellan, Dennis. "Merv Griffin, entertainment mogul, dies", The Record, August 13, 2007. Accessed September 4, 2007. "He stabled quarter horses at his former home in Califon, in Hunterdon County."
  108. ^ Kuperinsky, Amy. "Meet Ghosts stars Asher Grodman and Richie Moriarty, N.J.’s pantsless finance bro and arrowed scout leader", NJ Advance Media for NJ.com, September 28, 2022. Accessed March 28, 2023. "Grodman came of age in the Hunterdon County borough of Califon, about 10 minutes outside Chester.... 'I was the one Jew in a very, very not Jewish community,' Grodman says of his elementary and middle school days at Far Hills Country Day School."
  109. ^ "F.B. Harrison, 83, U.S. Ex-Aide, Dies", The New York Times, November 22, 1957. Accessed March 20, 2011.
  110. ^ Fensom, Michael J. "Red Bulls sign former Princeton defender Teddy Schneider", The Star-Ledger, April 12, 2011. Accessed July 3, 2011. "The Red Bulls announced today the signing of former Princeton defender Teddy Schneider.... A native of Califon and Delbarton alum, the 5-6, 130-pound Schneider will play left back for the Red Bulls."
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