Lilium canadense, commonly called the Canada lily,[3][4] wild yellow-lily, or meadow lily, is a native of eastern North America.[5] Its native range extends from Ontario to Nova Scotia south to Georgia and Alabama. It is most common in New England, the Appalachian Mountains, and the Canadian Maritimes.[6] It is also cultivated as an ornamental in Europe and other places.[7]
| Lilium canadense | |
|---|---|
.jpg)
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| Canada lily[1] | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Order: | Liliales |
| Family: | Liliaceae |
| Subfamily: | Lilioideae |
| Tribe: | Lilieae |
| Genus: | Lilium |
| Species: | L. canadense
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| Binomial name | |
| Lilium canadense | |
| Synonyms[2] | |
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Flowers emerge in June. They are nodding (hanging downward), yellow, orange or red, often with darker spots. The plant has become less common in urban and suburban areas due to heavy browsing by the white-tailed deer.
Description
editThese plants usually live in moist meadows and wood margins. They can grow up to 0.5–1.5 m (1.6–4.9 ft) with yellow, orange or red flowers 50–75 mm 50–75 mm (2.0–3.0 in) wide which emerge between June and July.
Culinary uses
editThe flower buds and roots traditionally gathered and eaten by North American indigenous peoples.[8]
Conservation status in the United States
editIt is listed Rare in Indiana, as Exploitably Vulnerable in New York (state), and as Threatened in Rhode Island and Tennessee.[9]
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Canada lily in Maine -
Red Canada lily -
Lilium canadense L., Batiscan River banks, Quebec, Canada
References
edit- ^ illustration from "A selection of Hexandrian plants, belonging to the natural orders Amaryllidae and Liliacae from Zeichnungen" by Mrs. Edward Bury, Liverpool; painted by R. Havell, circa 1870
- ^ "Lilium canadense". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- ^ BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
- ^ NRCS. "Lilium canadense". PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 25 January 2016.
- ^ Skinner, Mark W. (2002). "Lilium canadense". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). Vol. 26. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
- ^ "Lilium canadense". County-level distribution map from the North American Plant Atlas (NAPA). Biota of North America Program (BONAP). 2014.
- ^ "Alpine Garden Society". Archived from the original on 2018-07-09. Retrieved 2015-04-29.
- ^ "Boreal Forest, Faculty of Natural Resources Management, Lakehead University, Lilium canadense, Canada Lily". Archived from the original on 2017-08-25. Retrieved 2008-07-27.
- ^ NRCS. "Lilium canadense". PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 31 May 2018.
External links
edit- Blanchan, Neltje (2005). Wild Flowers Worth Knowing. Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation.
- Native Plant Database profile, Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center, University of Texas at Austin
- Illinois Wildflowers
- Go Botany, New England Wildflower Society
- Connecticut Botanical Society Archived 2015-05-06 at the Wayback Machine