Carwynnen Quoit (grid reference SW650372) is a dolmen belonging to the Neolithic period, at Carwynnen near Camborne in west Cornwall. It is also known as 'The Giant's Quoit', 'The Giant's Frying Pan', 'Pendarvis Quoit' and 'Pendarves Quoit'.[1] It collapsed in 1966 and was re-erected in 2014.
 The restored dolmen in 2014 | |
  Shown within Cornwall | |
| Alternative name | Giant's Quoit |
|---|---|
| Location | Cornwall |
| Coordinates | 50°11′18″N 5°17′38″W / 50.18835°N 5.29378°W |
| Type | Dolmen |
| History | |
| Periods | Neolithic |
Description
editCarwynnen Quoit is one of an ancient and rare group of monuments, and can be found at Carwynnen in Cornwall. It is a portal dolmen belonging to the Neolithic period, possibly 5000 years old, one of the few Cornish portal dolmens to be found outside the Penwith peninsula. It is situated on a gentle west-facing slope between two small tributaries to the Red River. The dolmen stands to a height of 1.5m with a capstone measuring approximately 3.3m long by 2.5m wide and 0.3m thick, and weighs approximately 10 tons.
History
editThe site was first recorded by the Welsh antiquarian Edward Lhuyd around 1700[2] and a symbol of the cromlech appeared on Martyn's 1748 map of Cornwall.[3] These are early references to ancient sites. The first plan and elevation was by Cornish antiquarian William Borlase in 1769.[4] In his 1803 work Coloured Figures of English Fungi or Mushrooms, the English naturalist James Sowerby illustrated a yellow dust lichen, later identified as Chrysothrix chlorina, that was growing on the structure.[5] In 1840 the field was recorded as the Frying Pan Field on the Tithe Apportionment Schedule.[6] In 1891 it was recorded that "curious marks" had been noticed some years previously, "on a stone under a thorn tree, on the site of what seems to be a walled barrow, about 100 yards north of Carwynnen Quoit." The OS found no trace of the supposed walled barrow or interesting stonework in this area in 1971.
The dolmen collapsed around 1815,[5] but was rebuilt by Lady Pendarves. It collapsed again in 1966.[7] For the next forty-eight years the structure lay on the ground with two of the supports lying on top of the capstone with the third lying beneath. The five-acre site was purchased by The Sustainable Trust in 2009.[8] Together with the Cornwall Heritage Trust they employed professional archaeologists to help research the site prior to its reconstruction.[7]
In September 2012 an archaeological dig took place after a preliminary investigation in July 2012. Troon Primary School in September 2012 was the first school to be involved in a pilot archaeological week based on an education pack drawn up in 2009. During this time there was also an Open Day for the community at large to learn about the monument and archeology. Findings from the dig were on display for all to see and the event was televised. A website called the Giant's Quoit was created to showcase the finds, explain archaeological evidence and present the restoration process.
The first stones were re-erected in May 2014.[8] Two support stones were replaced in their original Neolithic footings, but the third stone had to be adjusted to create a more stable structure.[7] The work was completed in June 2014, when the capstone was dropped into position by a large crane.[7]
References
edit
- ^ Julian Cope, The Modern Antiquarian, [1], July 31st 2012
- ^ Lhuyd, E 1700 Fol.2r CAMBRON MS Rawlinson D 997, Bodelian Library
- ^ Martyn’s map of Cornwall 1748
- ^ Borlase, W, 1769 Antiquities PLXXIV p 287, Fig IX and p232
- ^ a b Wade, A.E. (1959). "Lepararia chlorina Ach. in Britain". The Lichenologist. 1 (2): 86. doi:10.1017/s0024282959000172.
- ^ Camborne parish Tithe Apportionment Schedule TA3604
- ^ a b c d Ancient monument Carwynnen Quoit rebuild completed, BBC News, 21 June 2014
- ^ a b Ancient monument Carwynnen Quoit rebuilding starts, BBC News, 2 May 2014
External links
edit
Media related to Carwynnen Quoit at Wikimedia Commons