Castle Hewen (also recorded as Castlewen; Castle Luen; Castellewyn; Castellewyne; Castlehewings; Castle-Ewaine and Castle Lewen[1][2]) was a Romano-British castle near High Hesket, in the civil parish of Hesket, in the Eden district, in the county of Cumbria, England.[3] It overlooked the now-drained Tarn Wadling, and was supposedly occupied by Owain mab Urien.[4] All that remain, as at 2023, are earthworks.
Location
editCastle Hewen was situated on a ridge near Aiketgate, in the civil parish of Hesket, in the Eden district of Cumbria, England. It is located to the north-east of Tarn Wadling and west of the River Eden.[3][5][6] The castle was within the boundaries of Inglewood Forest, a royal forest.[7]
History
editThe castle was thought to be medieval in origin, although it was reported in 1553 as already being ruined. Excavations of the site in 1794 showed the foundations were 8 feet (2.4 m) thick. The sub-surface remains of two buildings were found, one with the dimensions 233 by 147 feet (71 m × 45 m) and one measuring 49 by 49 feet (15 m × 15 m). Also located were outer defences;[3] these took the form of a circular stone barrier, a ditch and breastwork.[6]
The site of the castle was excavated in 1978–1979, which unearthed Romano-British artefacts. Evidence was found of two Iron Age roundhouses and Roman rectangular buildings.[3]
The site has been used as farmland and has been extensively ploughed. As at 2023 the only visible remains are described by Historic England as "indistinct earthworks ... visible on air photos and lidar imagery".[3]
Folklore and literature
editThe castle was traditionally considered to be one of the strongholds of Owain mab Urien, who inherited the Kingdom of Rheged.[4] In Arthurian legend Owain was the basis for Sir Ywain, one of the Knights of the Round Table.[8] The castle also appears in Arthurian literature as the stronghold of Sir Gawain.[7]
References
edit- ^ "Castle Hewin: Survey of English Place-Names". English Place-name Society. Nottingham University. Retrieved 13 January 2023.
- ^ "Castle Hewin". Gatehouse Gazeteer. Retrieved 13 January 2023.
- ^ a b c d e "Castle Hewen". Heritage Gateway. Retrieved 10 January 2023.
- ^ a b Rowling, Margaret (1976). The Folklore of the Lake District. The Folklore of the British Isles. London: B. T. Batsford. pp. 47–49. ISBN 978-0713431650.
- ^ Hutchinson, William (1794). The History of the County of Cumberland and Some Places Adjacent. Carlisle: F. Jollie. p. 492.
- ^ a b Collingwood, W. G. (1968). "Pre-Norman Remains". In Doubleday, H. Arthur (ed.). The Victoria History of the County of Cumberland. London: University of London, Institute of Historical Research. ISBN 978-0-7129-0302-8.
- ^ a b Jackson, John (1879–1881). "Notes on Inglewood Forest". In Clifton Ward, J. (ed.). Transactions of the Cumberland Association for the Advancement of Literature and Science. Keswick.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Martín-Párraga, Javier; Torralbo-Caballero, Juan de Dios (8 February 2016). New Medievalisms. Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars Publishing. p. 209. ISBN 978-1-4438-8857-8.