Ceratolasmatidae

The Ceratolasmatidae are a family of harvestmen with eleven described species.

Ceratolasmatidae
Acuclavella shoshone
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Arachnida
Order:	Opiliones
Suborder:	Dyspnoi
Superfamily:	Ischyropsalidoidea
Family:	Ceratolasmatidae Shear, 1986
Species
see text
Diversity
11 species

The monophyly of this family is questionable; it is composed of three possibly monophyletic groups:

• Ceratolasma and Acuclavella are four to six millimeters long, with moderately short legs and short pedipalps. These two genera are closely related to Ischyropsalis (Ischyropsalididae).
• Hesperonemastoma species range from one to two millimeters in body length. They have similarities to Nemastoma, which occurs in the Old World (hespero = "west" alludes to the occurrence in the New World). It seems to be more closely related to Taracus (Sabaconidae) than to Ceratolasma.
• Crosbycus has a body length of less than one millimeter. The pedipalps are long and very thin. Its moderately long legs are densely covered with setae, spikes and trichomes. Crosbycus should possibly be placed in its own family.

Distribution

The family is restricted to North America, from California to British Columbia. Crosbycus is also found in Eastern Asia.

Name

The genus name is a combination of Ancient Greek keras "horn" and the ending -lasma, referring to the similarity of genera such as Ortholasma and Dendrolasma (Nemastomatidae).

Species

• Acuclavella Shear, 1986
  • Acuclavella cosmetoides Shear, 1986 -- Idaho
  • Acuclavella merickeli Shear, 1986 -- Idaho
  • Acuclavella quattuor Shear, 1986 -- Idaho
  • Acuclavella shoshone Shear, 1986 -- Idaho
• Ceratolasma Goodnight & Goodnight, 1942
  • Ceratolasma tricantha Goodnight & Goodnight, 1942 -- Oregon
• Crosbycus Roewer, 1914
  • Crosbycus dasycnemus (Crosby, 1911) -- British Columbia and China
• Hesperonemastoma Gruber, 1970
  • Hesperonemastoma pallidimaculosum (Goodnight & Goodnight, 1945) -- Alabama
  • Hesperonemastoma inops (Packard, 1884) -- cave in Kentucky
  • Hesperonemastoma modestum (Banks, 1894) -- western United States
  • Hesperonemastoma packardi (Roewer, 1914) -- cave in Utah
  • Hesperonemastoma kepharti (Crosby & Bishop, 1924) -- North Carolina

References

• Joel Hallan's Biology Catalog: Ceratolasmatidae
• Pinto-da-Rocha, R., Machado, G. & Giribet, G. (eds.) (2007): Harvestmen - The Biology of Opiliones. Harvard University Press ISBN 0-674-02343-9