Chaetodontoplus melanosoma, the black-velvet angelfish, brown angelfish, or phantom angelfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a marine angelfish belonging to the family Pomacanthidae.[2] It is found in the western Pacific Ocean.
| Chaetodontoplus melanosoma | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Acanthuriformes |
| Family: | Pomacanthidae |
| Genus: | Chaetodontoplus |
| Species: | C. melanosoma
|
| Binomial name | |
| Chaetodontoplus melanosoma | |
| Synonyms[3] | |
|
Holacanthus melanosoma Bleeker, 1853 | |
Description
editChaetodontoplus melanosoma has a body which has an overall black or brown colouration with an ochre face and yellowish-orange spots across the forehead. The dorsal, anal and caudal fins have yellow margins.[4] The dorsal fin contains 13 spines and 17-19 soft rays while the anal fin contains 3 spines and 17-18 soft rays. This species attains a maximum total length of 20 centimetres (7.9 in).[3]
Distribution
editChaetodontoplus melanosoma is found in the western Pacific Ocean. It lives in central Indonesia around western Java, Bali, Komodo, Flores, Sulawesi, and northeastern Kalimantan. It is also found in Sabah in Malaysia and in the Sulu Archipelago, Cebu, and southern Luzon in the Philippines.[1]
Habitat and biology
editChaetodontoplus melanosoma occurs at depths of approximately 5 to 30 metres in outer rocky or coastal reefs, and is often found in areas with strong currents or upwellings of cooler water. Its eats tunicates and sponges, and may be observed in pairs or alone.[1]C. melanosoma is hermaphroditic.[5]
Systematics
editChaetodontoplus melanosoma was first formally described in 1855 as Holocanthus melanosoma by the Dutch ichthyologist, herpetologist and physician Pieter Bleeker (1819-1878) with the type locality given as Lawajong on Solor in Indonesia.[6] The specific name is a compound of the Greek melanos meaning “black” and soma meaning “body” a reference to the plain black body in adults.[7]
In the aquarium
editChaetodontoplus melanosoma is commonly exported for the aquarium trade.[1] It is best kept at a temperature of 72 to 78 °F (22 to 26 °C), a pH of 8.1-8.4, a hardness of 8-12 dKH and a salinity of 1.020-1.025 sg. These fishes grow to 8 inches (20 cm) inches. They are omnivorous, and will consume aquarium invertebrates such as coral. These fish rarely breed in aquaria.[5]
References
edit- ^ a b c d Allen, G.R. (2010). "Chaetodontoplus melanosoma". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T165850A6148337. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-4.RLTS.T165850A6148337.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
- ^ a b "Chaetodontoplus melanosoma (Bleeker, 1853)". WoRMS (World Register of Marine Species). Retrieved 24 October 2014.
- ^ a b Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Chaetodontoplus melanosoma". FishBase. December 2019 version.
- ^ "Chaetodontoplus melanosoma". Saltcorner!. Bob Goemans. 2012. Retrieved 12 February 2021.
- ^ a b Black Velvet Angelfish. Liveaquaria.com (2017). at <http://www.liveaquaria.com/product/399/black-velvet-angelfish?pcatid=399&c=15+18+399>
- ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Chaetodontoplus". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 12 February 2021.
- ^ Christopher Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara (21 July 2020). "Order ACANTHURIFORMES (part 1): Families LOBOTIDAE, POMACANTHIDAE, DREPANEIDAE and CHAETODONTIDAE". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 12 February 2021.
External links
edit
- Photos of Chaetodontoplus melanosoma on Sealife Collection