Highland Chinantec is a Chinantecan language of Mexico, spoken in Comaltepec, San Juan Quiotepec, and surrounding towns in northern Oaxaca. It has a complex system of tone and vowel length compared to other Chinantec languages. The two principal varieties, Quiotepec and Comaltepec, have marginal mutual intelligibility. Yolox Chinantec is somewhat less divergent.
| Highland Chinantec | |
|---|---|
| Jmii’ | |
| Native to | Mexico |
| Region | Oaxaca Highlands |
| Ethnicity | Chinantecs |
Native speakers | (10,000 cited 1990–1998)[1] |
Oto-Mangue
| |
| Dialects |
|
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | Either:chq – Quiotepec Chinanteccco – Comaltepec Chinantec |
| Glottolog | chin1488 |
| ELP | Sierra Chinantec |
Phonology
editComaltepec
editThe following are sounds of Comaltepec Chinantec:[2][3]
| Labial | Alveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Laryngeal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | (ɲ) | ŋ | |||
| Stop & Affricate |
voiceless | p | t | tʃ | k | ʔ | |
| voiced | ᵐb | ⁿd | ⁿdʒ | ᵑɡ | |||
| Fricative | voiceless | (f) | s | (ʂ) | (ʃ) | (x) | h |
| voiced | (ʐ) | ||||||
| Lateral | l | ||||||
| Approximant | j | w | |||||
- 1. Parenthesised sounds are loans, allophones, or free variants
- 2. Voiced stops are frequently prenasalised
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| High | i | ɨ | u |
| Mid | e | ʌ | o |
| Low | æ | a |
- Tones
This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (December 2020) |
Quiotepec
editThe following are sounds of Quiotepec Chinantec:[4]
| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Laryngeal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | ||
| Stop | voiceless | p | t | tʲ | k | ʔ |
| voiced | b | d | dʲ | ɡ | ||
| Fricative | voiceless | f | s | ç | h | |
| voiced | β | ð | ʝ | ɣ | ||
| Lateral | l | |||||
| Approximant | j | w | ||||
| Trill | r | |||||
| Front | Back | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| unrounded | rounded | unrounded | rounded | |
| High | i | y | ɯ | u |
| Low | e | ø | a | o |
- Tones
This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (December 2020) |
References
edit- ^ Quiotepec Chinantec at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Comaltepec Chinantec at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required) - ^ Anderson, Judi Lynn, Martínez, Isaac H., & Pace, Wanda. (1990). Comaltepec Chinantec Tone. In William R. Merrifield & Calvin R. Rensch (Eds.), Syllables, Tone, and Verb Paradigms: Studies in Chinantec Languages 4 (pp. 3-20). Dallas, TX: Summer Institute of Linguistics.
- ^ Silverman, Daniel. (1997). Tone Sandhi in Comaltepec Chinantec. Language, 73(3), 473-492.
- ^ Robbins, Frank E. (1961). Quiotepec Chinantec Syllable Patterning. International Journal of American Linguistics, 27(3), 237-250.