In recent decades, the population of Chinese people in Zambia has rapidly increased. There were 80,000 Chinese people living in Zambia according to a 2019 U.N. World Population study.[1]
| Total population | |
|---|---|
| 80,000 (2019)[1] | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Lusaka | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Overseas Chinese |
History
editThere was significant temporary migration of thousands of Chinese workers from 1970 to 1975 to Zambia to build the TAZARA Railway, the largest aid project then. TAZARA Railway, was built to connect the mines on the Copperbelt Province of Zambia to the seaport of Tanzania.[2]
Business
editWith the take off in trade relations in the 2000s, growing from $100m in 2000 to $2.8 billion in 2010, Chinese investors in Zambia include large enterprises in mining and infrastructure, but also small businesses owners in areas like retail and even agriculture. The remarkable sight of a family of Chinese chicken farmers that moved to Zambia was the subject of a profile in the BBC News program From Our Correspondent with the reporter observing: "It sounds extraordinary but these Chinese businessmen and women spotted an opportunity to make a bit of money raising chickens on small farms in Zambia.[3] They upped sticks and travelled 11,000km (7,000 miles) from their homes to do just that."[3]
Chinese investment in Mining in Zambia
editChina remains one of the major investors in the mining sector of Zambia.[4] They have also widened their investments to mining support activities which has required experts from China. This all in all has also contributed to the increase of the chinese population in Zambia.
In April 2005, An explosives factory at the site of a mine in Chambishi exploded killing over 50 workers, mostly Zambian.[5][6] The incident and rapid increase in Chinese migration raised the level of discontent towards Chinese mining investors, turning the issue of Chinese investors and migration into a political issue during both the 2006 Zambian general election and the 2011.[5]
5,000 Mining jobs in 2018
editZambia is a leading exporter of copper and Chinese investment in the mining sector has been considerable. Chinese investment in mines has accompanied the migration of Chinese owners and managers. In 2018, a Chinese firm launched a $832 million copper mine,[7] setting Zambia's mining sector on a recovery path with 5,000 new jobs,[8] and deepening ties between the Chinese and Zambian people.
Population integration issues
editRapid population growth
editThere were 19,845 Chinese people living in Zambia in September 2014 according to the Home Affairs ministry in data provided to respond to questions raised in parliament.[9]
In 2019, this number quadrupled to 80,000.[1] This rapid growth has reignited internal debates about an alleged takeover of Zambia.
2006 Race riots
editDuring the 2006 election, Michael Sata the opposition presidential candidate lost after campaigning on rhetoric that China exploited the country and turned it into a "dumping ground."[5] Following his loss, in his stronghold of Lusaka, rioting broke out against Chinese businesses.[5]
In the following election in 2011, he would again campaign against Chinese investors, lambasting them for "taking over" Zambia.
2010 Mine manager murder
editTensions have arisen between mine managers and local workers. In February 2010 a Chinese mine manager was murdered by a Zambian worker.[10]
2020 Closure of businesses following anti-Zambian discrimination
editThree days after indefinitely closing Lantian restaurant in Lusaka's Longacres area for discriminating against Zambians, Lusaka Mayor Miles Sampa closed Chinese-owned Angels Barbershop at Arcades Shopping Mall for discriminating against local Zambians.[11]
The Barbershop was also found displaying their prices in Chinese contrary to the Food and Health Act. “We had a tip off from a whistle blower who took his son to cut hair but was told K300 as price just to put him off. When he agreed to pay, they then changed their mind and said the Barbershop was actually closed and had to leave”, said the Mayor.
Later, in a statement released to the media, Mr. Sampa said that he had reviewed events last week and over the weekend as regards his monitoring and conduct towards some business houses and accepted his error in judgment of physically going to the business premises instead of engaging relevant offices and institutions.[12]
2020 Factory boss murders
editThe brutal murder of three Chinese factory bosses in Zambia, allegedly killed by disgruntled employees over the weekend, rekindled tensions over China's strong presence in the country.[13] The local press reported the three victims, who were found dead in their burnt out factory, were killed by aggrieved employees of their textile business in Makeni, a suburb of the capital Lusaka.
See also
edit
References
edit- ^ a b c "U.N. World Population Prospects (2019)". United Nations. 28 August 2019. Archived from the original on 16 August 2015. Retrieved 5 June 2020.
- ^ "A new generation of rail pioneers". China Daily. 3 October 2014.
- ^ a b Redvers, Louise (18 September 2011). "China's stake in Zambia's election". BBC News.
- ^ Occasional paper africaportal.org [dead link]
- ^ a b c d "Rioters attack Chinese after Zambian poll". Daily Telegraph. 3 October 2006.
- ^ "Dozens killed in Zambia explosion". 21 April 2005.
- ^ "Chinese firm launches $832 million Zambia copper mine". Reuters. 22 August 2018.
- ^ "Copperbelt set to bask in jobs again". ZCCM-IH.
- ^ Brautigam, Deborah. "Zambia has 13,000 Chinese". Zambia Daily Mail News.
- ^ Brautigam, Deborah. "Murder of Chinese Manager at Zambian Mine". China Africa Real Story.
- ^ "Miles Sampa Closes A Chinese Owned Angels Barbershop At Arcades Shopping Mall For Alleged Racism". Lusaka Times. 22 May 2020.
- ^ "Lusaka Mayor Miles Sampa Unreservedly Apologises To The Chinese Community And Government Leaders". Lusaka Times. 27 May 2020.
- ^ "Chinese businessmen murders stir tensions in Zambia". The Straits Times. 28 May 2020.