Chirindia is a genus of amphisbaenians in the family Amphisbaenidae. Commonly known as pink round-headed worm lizards, species in the genus Chirindia are native to East Africa and southern Africa,[1] from Tanzania to South Africa. They are unpigmented worm lizards with rounded heads, and extensive fusion of the head shields.[1]
| Chirindia | |
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| Soutpansberg worm lizard, Chirindia langi occidentalis | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Order: | Squamata |
| Family: | Amphisbaenidae |
| Genus: | Chirindia Boulenger, 1907 |
| Species | |
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see text | |
| Synonyms | |
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Description
editChirindia are small and slender. For example, the holotype of C. swynnertoni is 13.5 cm (5.3 in) long, with the tail 1.4 cm (0.55 in), and the body is 3 mm (0.12 in) in diameter. They are uniformly, unpigmented flesh-coloured, tinged with purplish, and have minute teeth.[2] They usually lack an ocular shield, and each eye is situated under the posterior part of a large fused shield, that combines the nasal, second and sometimes first upper labial, prefrontal and sometimes the ocular shield into one,[1] so as to cover all of one side of the snout.[2]
The pair of large shields, fused with the ocular to cover each side of the snout, combined with a small azygous rostral shield, are comparable to that of genus Placogaster of the Senegambia, but the paired ventral shields, and absence of pre-anal pores in some species distinguish them.[2]
Behaviour and predators
editSpecies in the genus Chirindia burrow in loose soil and feed on termites. They are present in clay, sandy or alluvial soils, and sometimes find refuge under stones and rotten logs.[1] They are preyed on by jackals, ratels, kingfishers and snakes, of which some, like the dwarf wolf snake (Lycophidion nanum), are specialized to prey on them.[1]
Species and subspecies
editThe genus Chirindia contains five valid species, some of which have recognized subspecies.[1][3]
- Chirindia ewerbecki F. Werner, 1910 – Mbanja worm lizard
- Chirindia ewerbecki ewerbecki F. Werner, 1910
- Chirindia ewerbecki nanguruwensis (Loveridge, 1962)
- Chirindia langi V. FitzSimons, 1939 – Lang's worm lizard[4]
- Chirindia langi langi V. FitzSimons, 1939
- Chirindia langi occidentalis Jacobsen, 1984 – Soutpansberg worm lizard
- Chirindia mpwapwaensis (Loveridge, 1932) – Mpwapwa worm lizard
- Chirindia rondoensis (Loveridge, 1941) – Nchingidi worm lizard
- Chirindia swynnertoni Boulenger, 1907 – Swynnerton's worm lizard[4]
Nota bene: A binomial authority or trinomial authority in parentheses indicates that the species or subspecies was originally described in a genus other than Chirindia.
References
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- ^ a b c d e f Branch, Bill (1998). Field Guide to Snakes and other Reptiles of Southern Africa, Third Edition. Cape Town: Struik. pp. 121–122. ISBN 9781868720408.
- ^ a b c Boulenger GA (1907). "Descriptions of a new Toad and a new Amphisbaenid from Mashonaland". Annals and Magazine of Natural History. Seventh Series. 20: 47–49. doi:10.1080/00222930709487296. Retrieved 21 November 2014. (Chirindia, new genus, p. 48; C. swynnertoni, new species, pp. 48-49).
- ^ "Genus Chirindia". The Reptile Database. Retrieved 21 November 2014.
- ^ a b Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN 978-1-4214-0135-5. (Chirindia langi, p. 150; C. swynnertoni, p. 259).