In enzymology, a cholesterol oxidase (EC 1.1.3.6) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
| cholesterol oxidase | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| EC no. | 1.1.3.6 | ||||||||
| CAS no. | 9028-76-6 | ||||||||
| Databases | |||||||||
| IntEnz | IntEnz view | ||||||||
| BRENDA | BRENDA entry | ||||||||
| ExPASy | NiceZyme view | ||||||||
| KEGG | KEGG entry | ||||||||
| MetaCyc | metabolic pathway | ||||||||
| PRIAM | profile | ||||||||
| PDB structures | RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum | ||||||||
| Gene Ontology | AmiGO / QuickGO | ||||||||
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| Cholesterol oxidase substrate-binding domain | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 crystal structure of cholesterol oxidase from b.sterolicum | |||||||||
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| Symbol | Chol_subst-bind | ||||||||
| Pfam | PF09129 | ||||||||
| Pfam clan | CL0277 | ||||||||
| InterPro | IPR015213 | ||||||||
| SCOP2 | 1i19 / SCOPe / SUPFAM | ||||||||
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- cholesterol + O2 cholest-4-en-3-one + H2O2
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are cholesterol and O2, whereas its two products are cholest-4-en-3-one and H2O2.
This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-OH group of donor with oxygen as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is cholesterol:oxygen oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include cholesterol- O2 oxidoreductase, 3beta-hydroxy steroid oxidoreductase, and 3beta-hydroxysteroid:oxygen oxidoreductase. This enzyme participates in bile acid biosynthesis.
The substrate-binding domain found in some bacterial cholesterol oxidases is composed of an eight-stranded mixed beta-pleated sheet and six alpha-helices. This domain is positioned over the isoalloxazine ring system of the FAD cofactor bound by the FAD-binding domain and forms the roof of the active site cavity, allowing for catalysis of oxidation and isomerisation of cholesterol to cholest-4-en-3-one.[1]
Structural studies
editAs of late 2007, 14 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes 1B4V, 1B8S, 1CBO, 1CC2, 1COY, 1I19, 1IJH, 1MXT, 1N1P, 1N4U, 1N4V, 1N4W, 2GEW, and 3COX.
References
edit- ^ Coulombe R, Yue KQ, Ghisla S, Vrielink A (August 2001). "Oxygen access to the active site of cholesterol oxidase through a narrow channel is gated by an Arg-Glu pair". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (32): 30435–41. doi:10.1074/jbc.M104103200. PMID 11397813.
Further reading
edit- Richmond W (1973). "Preparation and properties of a cholesterol oxidase from Nocardia sp. and its application to the enzymatic assay of total cholesterol in serum". Clin. Chem. 19 (12): 1350–6. doi:10.1093/clinchem/19.12.1350. PMID 4757363.
- STADTMAN TC, CHERKES A, ANFINSEN CB (1954). "Studies on the microbiological degradation of cholesterol". J. Biol. Chem. 206 (2): 511–23. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(19)50819-5. PMID 13143010.
