Christmas Valley Air Force Station

Christmas Valley Air Force Station is a closed United States Air Force radar station. It is located about 16 miles east of the community of Christmas Valley, Oregon. It was closed in 1997.

Christmas Valley Air Force Station
Part of Electronic Systems Division Air Force Materiel Command (AFMC)
Christmas Valley AFS Location of Christmas Valley AFS, Oregon
Coordinates	43°16′45″N 120°22′45″W
Type	Air Force Station
Site information
Controlled by	United States Air Force
Condition	Cold storage/deactivated
Site history
Built	1980s
Built by	GE Aerospace
In use	1985-1997
Materials	AN/FPS-118 Rx over-the-horizon backscatter radar array
Garrison information
Garrison	777 Radar Squadron

History

Development of Christmas Valley AFS can be traced to work undertaken by USAF Rome Air Development Center (RADC) engineers in the early 1970s who were developing an over the horizon backscatter radar (OTH-B) system. The system was based on a frequency modulation/continuous wave (FM/CW) radar capable of detecting and tracking objects at over-the-horizon ranges. In concept it involved bouncing radar signals off the ionosphere which allows radar to overcome the curvature of the Earth.

A small scale test receiver/transmitter was established in central western Maine at what would become Moscow AFS by the early 1980s. Initial testing was conducted from June 1980 to June 1981. Successful testing resulted in the decision to develop operational OTH-B systems for the east and west coasts and in Alaska.

The west coast OTH-B system was designed and built by GE Aerospace and consisted of an AN/FPS-118 radar with the transmitter located at Christmas Valley AFS and the receiver at the newly constructed Tule Lake AFS, California. The transmitter and receiver stations were staffed by personnel of the 777th Radar Squadron. Data processing took place at Mountain Home AFB, Idaho.

The fall of the Soviet Union and end of the Cold War saw the OTH-B systems rendered obsolete for detecting intruding military aircraft, however, the OTH-B continued operations until 1997 and its data saw use by the United States Border Patrol for tracking aircraft used by drug smugglers, as well as the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration which made use of the measurements of ocean currents and weather patterns.

The facility was placed in "warm storage" in 1997 and in 2002 it was deactivated and placed in "cold storage" with equipment removed from the site.

Gallery

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References

 This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency

• Winkler, David F. (1997), Searching the skies: the legacy of the United States Cold War defense radar program. Prepared for United States Air Force Headquarters Air Combat Command.
• Information for Christmas Valley AFS, OR

External links

• Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) No. OR-154-A, "Over-the-Horizon Backscatter Radar Network, Christmas Valley Radar Site Transmit Sector Four Transmitter Building, On unnamed road west of Lost Forest Road, Christmas Valley, Lake County, OR"
• HAER No. OR-154-B, "Over-the-Horizon Backscatter Radar Network, Christmas Valley Radar Site Transmit Sector Four Antenna Array"
• HAER No. OR-154-C, "Over-the-Horizon Backscatter Radar Network, Christmas Valley Radar Site Transmit Sector Four Water Storage Tank"
• HAER No. OR-154-D, "Over-the-Horizon Backscatter Radar Network, Christmas Valley Radar Site Transmit Sector Four Substation"
• HAER No. OR-154-E, "Over-the-Horizon Backscatter Radar Network, Christmas Valley Radar Site Transmit Sector Four Transmitter Garage"
• HAER No. OR-154-F, "Over-the-Horizon Backscatter Radar Network, Christmas Valley Radar Site Transmit Sector Four Sounder Antennas"
• HAER No. OR-154-G, "Over-the-Horizon Backscatter Radar Network, Christmas Valley Radar Site Transmit Sector Four Communications Antennas"
• HAER No. OR-154-H, "Over-the-Horizon Backscatter Radar Network, Christmas Valley Radar Site Transmit Sector Five Transmitter Building"
• HAER No. OR-154-I, "Over-the-Horizon Backscatter Radar Network, Christmas Valley Radar Site Transmit Sector Five Antenna Array"
• HAER No. OR-154-J, "Over-the-Horizon Backscatter Radar Network, Christmas Valley Radar Site Transmit Sector Five Water Storage Tank"
• HAER No. OR-154-K, "Over-the-Horizon Backscatter Radar Network, Christmas Valley Radar Site Transmit Sector Five Substation"
• HAER No. OR-154-L, "Over-the-Horizon Backscatter Radar Network, Christmas Valley Radar Site Transmit Sector Five Sounder Antennas"
• HAER No. OR-154-M, "Over-the-Horizon Backscatter Radar Network, Christmas Valley Radar Site Transmit Sector Six Transmitter Building"
• HAER No. OR-154-N, "Over-the-Horizon Backscatter Radar Network, Christmas Valley Radar Site Transmit Sector Six Antenna Array"
• HAER No. OR-154-O, "Over-the-Horizon Backscatter Radar Network, Christmas Valley Radar Site Transmit Sector Six Water Storage Tank"
• HAER No. OR-154-P, "Over-the-Horizon Backscatter Radar Network, Christmas Valley Radar Site Transmit Sector Six Substation"
• HAER No. OR-154-Q, "Over-the-Horizon Backscatter Radar Network, Christmas Valley Radar Site Transmit Sector Six Sounder Antennas"
• HAER No. CA-2258-B, "Over-the-Horizon Backscatter Radar Network, Tulelake Radar Site Receive Sector Four Antenna Array, Unnamed Road West of Double Head Road, Tulelake, Siskiyou County, CA"
• HAER No. CA-2258-E, "Over-the-Horizon Backscatter Radar Network, Tulelake Radar Site Receive Sector Four Communications Antenna"
• HAER No. CA-2258-G, "Over-the-Horizon Backscatter Radar Network, Tulelake Radar Site Receive Sector Five Antenna Array"
• HAER No. CA-2258-J, "Over-the-Horizon Backscatter Radar Network, Tulelake Radar Site Receive Sector Six Antenna Array"