Cicurina, also called the cave meshweaver,[4] is a genus of dwarf sheet spiders that was first described by Anton Menge in 1871.[5] Originally placed with the funnel weavers, it was moved to the Dictynidae in 1967,[3] then to the Hahniidae in 2017.[6] The name is from the Latin root "cucur-", meaning "to tame".[4]
| Cicurina | |
|---|---|
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| Cicurina sp. (Dictynidae) from the "sky island" mountains of Arizona and New Mexico, 2006. | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Hahniidae |
| Genus: | Cicurina Menge, 1871[1] |
| Type species | |
| C. cicur (Fabricius, 1793)
| |
| Species | |
|
136, see text | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
Body size varies widely among the species. Among the smallest is C. minorata, growing less than 2 millimetres (0.079 in) long. The larger species include C. ludoviciana, some of which have grown to over 13 millimetres (0.51 in) long.[7]
Species
editAs of May 2019[update] it contains 136 species in North America, Europe, and Asia:[1]
- C. aenigma Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. alpicora Barrows, 1945 – USA
- C. anhuiensis Chen, 1986 – China
- C. arcata Chamberlin & Ivie, 1940 – USA
- C. arcuata Keyserling, 1887 – USA, Canada
- C. arizona Chamberlin & Ivie, 1940 – USA
- C. arkansa Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. armadillo Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. atomaria Simon, 1898 – USA
- C. avicularia Li, 2017 – China
- C. bandera Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. bandida Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. baronia Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. barri Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. blanco Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. breviaria Bishop & Crosby, 1926 – USA
- C. brevis (Emerton, 1890) – USA, Canada
- C. browni Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. brunsi Cokendolpher, 2004 – USA
- C. bryantae Exline, 1936 – USA
- C. bullis Cokendolpher, 2004 – USA
- C. buwata Chamberlin & Ivie, 1940 – USA
- C. caliga Cokendolpher & Reddell, 2001 – USA
- C. calyciforma Wang & Xu, 1989 – China
- C. cavealis Bishop & Crosby, 1926 – USA
- C. caverna Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. cicur (Fabricius, 1793) (type) – Europe to Central Asia
- C. coahuila Gertsch, 1971 – Mexico
- C. colorada Chamberlin & Ivie, 1940 – USA
- C. coryelli Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. damaoensis Li, 2017 – China
- C. davisi Exline, 1936 – USA
- C. delrio Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. deserticola Chamberlin & Ivie, 1940 – USA
- C. dong Li, 2017 – China
- C. dorothea Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. eburnata Wang, 1994 – China
- C. ezelli Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. gertschi Exline, 1936 – USA
- C. gruta Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. harrietae Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. hexops Chamberlin & Ivie, 1940 – USA
- C. holsingeri Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. hoodensis Cokendolpher & Reddell, 2001 – USA
- C. hoshinonoana Shimojana & Ono, 2017 – Japan
- C. idahoana Chamberlin, 1919 – USA, Canada
- C. intermedia Chamberlin & Ivie, 1933 – USA
- C. itasca Chamberlin & Ivie, 1940 – USA
- C. iviei Gertsch, 1971 – Mexico
- C. japonica (Simon, 1886) – Korea, Japan. Introduced to Europe
- C. jiangyongensis Peng, Gong & Kim, 1996 – China
- C. jonesi Chamberlin & Ivie, 1940 – USA
- C. joya Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. kailiensis Li, 2017 – China
- C. kimyongkii Paik, 1970 – Korea
- C. leona Gertsch, 1992 – Mexico
- C. ludoviciana Simon, 1898 – USA
- C. machete Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. maculifera Yaginuma, 1979 – Japan
- C. maculipes Saito, 1934 – Japan
- C. madla Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. majiangensis Li, 2017 – China
- C. marmorea Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. maya Gertsch, 1977 – Mexico
- C. mckenziei Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. medina Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. menardia Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. microps Chamberlin & Ivie, 1940 – USA
- C. mina Gertsch, 1971 – Mexico
- C. minima Chamberlin & Ivie, 1940 – USA
- C. minnesota Chamberlin & Ivie, 1940 – USA
- C. minorata (Gertsch & Davis, 1936) – USA
- C. mirifica Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. mixmaster Cokendolpher & Reddell, 2001 – USA
- C. modesta Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. neovespera Cokendolpher, 2004 – USA
- C. nervifera Yin, 2012 – China
- C. nevadensis Simon, 1886 – USA
- C. obscura Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. oklahoma Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. orellia Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. pablo Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. pacifica Chamberlin & Ivie, 1940 – USA
- C. pagosa Chamberlin & Ivie, 1940 – USA
- C. pallida Keyserling, 1887 – USA
- C. pampa Chamberlin & Ivie, 1940 – USA
- C. paphlagoniae Brignoli, 1978 – Turkey
- C. parallela Li, 2017 – China
- C. parma Chamberlin & Ivie, 1940 – USA
- C. pastura Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. patei Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. peckhami (Simon, 1898) – USA, Canada
- C. phaselus Paik, 1970 – Korea
- C. placida Banks, 1892 – USA
- C. platypus Cokendolpher, 2004 – USA
- C. porteri Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. puentecilla Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. pusilla (Simon, 1886) – USA
- C. rainesi Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. reclusa Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. riogrande Gertsch & Mulaik, 1940 – USA
- C. robusta Simon, 1886 – USA
- C. rosae Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. rudimentops Chamberlin & Ivie, 1940 – USA
- C. russelli Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. sansaba Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. secreta Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. selecta Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. serena Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. shasta Chamberlin & Ivie, 1940 – USA
- C. sheari Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. sierra Chamberlin & Ivie, 1940 – USA
- C. simplex Simon, 1886 – USA, Canada
- C. sintonia Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. sprousei Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. stowersi Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. suttoni Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. tacoma Chamberlin & Ivie, 1940 – USA
- C. tersa Simon, 1886 – USA, Canada
- C. texana (Gertsch, 1935) – USA
- C. tianmuensis Song & Kim, 1991 – China
- C. tortuba Chamberlin & Ivie, 1940 – USA
- C. travisae Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. troglobia Cokendolpher, 2004 – USA
- C. troglodytes Yaginuma, 1972 – Japan
- C. ubicki Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. utahana Chamberlin, 1919 – USA
- C. uvalde Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. varians Gertsch & Mulaik, 1940 – USA
- C. venefica Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. vespera Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. vibora Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. watersi Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. wiltoni Gertsch, 1992 – USA
- C. wusanani Li, 2017 – China
- C. zhazuweii Li, 2017 – China
References
edit- ^ a b c "Gen. Cicurina Menge, 1871". World Spider Catalog Version 20.0. Natural History Museum Bern. 2019. doi:10.24436/2. Retrieved 2019-06-01.
- ^ Yaginuma, T. (1963). "Spiders from limestone caves of Akiyoshi Plateau". Bulletin of the Akiyoshi-dai Museum of Natural History. 2.
- ^ a b Lehtinen, P. T. (1967). "Classification of the cribellate spiders and some allied families, with notes on the evolution of the suborder Araneomorpha". Annales Zoologici Fennici. 4: 268.
- ^ a b "Genus Cicurina". BugGuide. Retrieved 2019-06-01.
- ^ Menge, A. (1871). "Preussische Spinnen. IV. Abtheilung". Schriften der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Danzig. 2: 265–296.
- ^ Wheeler, W. C.; et al. (2017). "The spider tree of life: phylogeny of Araneae based on target-gene analyses from an extensive taxon sampling". Cladistics. 33 (6): 607. doi:10.1111/cla.12182. PMID 34724759. S2CID 35535038.
- ^ Chamberlin, Ralph; Ivie, Wilton (1940). "Agelenid spiders of the genus Cicurina". Bulletin of the University of Utah. 30 (13): 1–108.