10°57′03″N 106°49′01″E / 10.950800°N 106.817054°E
Citadel of Biên Hòa (Vietnamese: Thành cổ Biên Hòa) is a historic site located in Quang Vinh ward, Biên Hòa, Đồng Nai. It is considered the only ancient citadel in the Southern Vietnam that still exists today.[1]
The remains of the old citadel is a laterite wall surrounding a 10,816.5 m2 wide campus. Inside the citadel, there is a French architecture manson.[2]
History
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The land of former Biên Hòa had had an older citadel built by the Chenla people. In 1834, Emperor Minh Mang ordered to rebuild that citadel with clay and called it Thành Cựu (meaning 'Old Citadel' in English). By 1837, it was upgraded to laterite citadel and renamed Thành Biên Hòa. At that time, it was the second largest citadel in the Southern Vietnam, only after Gia Định citadel.[3]
After the French colonialists invaded Vietnam, they shrunk the citadel to get land for other constructions. The citadel itself was used as a luxury barracks by the French army. Therefore, it was also called Thành Soldat . Soldat is a French word, means soldier. And because the soldiers used to blow the trumpet (Vietnamese: Kèn) to sound the alarm, the locals called it Thành Kèn.[4]
After the Liberation of the South in 1975, the citadel is managed by current Đồng Nai Provincial Government.
Conservation
editAfter many years of war, the citadel was seriously degraded. The Vietnamese government has made many efforts to repair and restore it.[5]
In 2013, it was recognized as a national historical relic.[6]
References
edit- ^ "Restoration starts on southern Vietnam's only surviving ancient citadel". Tuổi Trẻ News. 7 December 2014. Retrieved 7 December 2014.
- ^ "Cảnh khó tin bên trong di tích 200 tuổi ở Đồng Nai (English: The scene inside the 200-year-old relic in Đồng Nai)". Vietnamnet. Retrieved 13 December 2019.
- ^ "Phát hiện mới về thành cổ Biên Hòa (English: New discorvers about Biên Hòa Citadel)". Báo điện tử Đảng Cộng sản Việt Nam (Online newspaper of the Vietnam Communist Party). Retrieved 29 March 2012.
- ^ "Nhận thức mới về Thành cổ Biên Hòa (English: New knowledges about Biên Hòa Citadel)". Đồng Nai Newspaper. Retrieved 30 November 2018.
- ^ "Work starts on restoration of ancient citadel in Dong Nai". Việt Nam National Administration of Tourism. Retrieved 4 December 2014.
- ^ "Thành cổ Biên Hòa được xếp hạng Di tích quốc gia (English: Biên Hòa Citadel was recognized as a national historical relic)". Thanh Niên Newspaper. 20 November 2013. Retrieved 20 November 2013.