City of Waco was an American steamship which sank with much loss of life on November 9, 1875, in the Gulf of Mexico off Galveston, Texas.
| History | |
|---|---|
 United States | |
| Name | City of Waco |
| Operator | Mallory Line, New York |
| Route | New York-Galveston |
| Builder | Delaware River Iron Ship Building and Engine Works, Chester, Pennsylvania[1] |
| Completed | 1873[1] |
| In service | August 1873[2] |
| Fate | Burned and sank, November 9, 1875 |
| General characteristics | |
| Type | Passenger/cargo steamship |
| Tonnage | 1,486 tons[2] |
| Length | 242 ft (74 m)[1] |
| Beam | 36 ft (11 m)[3] |
| Propulsion | Steam engine, single screw[3] |
Ship history
editThe ship was built in 1873 by John Roach & Sons at their Delaware River Iron Ship Building and Engine Works in Chester, Pennsylvania for the Mallory Line of New York City. She made twenty voyages between New York and Galveston before she sank.[1]
On the afternoon of November 8, 1875, the ship arrived off Galveston, but heavy weather made it impossible to enter the port, so the ship hove to offshore and waited for the storm to subside. Shortly before midnight a fire broke out aboard, rapidly engulfing the ship, which burned down to the waterline before sinking with the loss of all 56 crew and passengers.[3]
An investigation into the tragedy discovered that the ship had nine hundred 5 US gal (19 L) cans of Astral lamp oil stored on deck, in direct contravention of maritime regulations which forbade the transport of such a dangerous cargo on a passenger ship.[3]
The wreck was broken up with explosives in 1900 to clear the entrance to the port and then largely forgotten. It was rediscovered in 2003, and explored by marine archeologists of the Texas Historical Commission.[4]
References
edit- ^ a b c d Turner, Allen (July 24, 2005). "Historians explore tragedy of the City of Waco ship". Houston Chronicle. Retrieved July 29, 2012.
- ^ a b Colton, Tim (2012). "Merchant Shipbuilding Chester, Chester Shipbuilding, Delaware River Iron Shipbuilding & Engine Works, J. Roach & Sons Shipbuilding, Reaney, Son & Archbold". shipbuildinghistory.com. Archived from the original on May 10, 2012. Retrieved July 29, 2012.
- ^ a b c d Kalafus, Jim (June 28, 2007). "The Public Be Damned: One Black Week in 1875". encyclopedia-titanica.org. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved July 29, 2012.
- ^ Hall, Andy (April 2005). "City of Waco located in Galveston Bay" (PDF). Current Archeology in Texas. 7 (1). Austin, Texas: Texas Historical Commission: 1–3. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 5, 2009. Retrieved July 29, 2012.
External links
edit- "Waco, A Moment in Time - City of Waco Ship". Internet Archive. Waco: A Moment in Time. Waco City Cable Channel (WCCC-TV). February 25, 2011.
- "Capturing the Seafloor's Rich History While Positioning America for the Future". NOAA Office of Coast Survey. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. July 25, 2012.
- Hall, Andy (June 2005). "Tragic 1875 Fire Sinks the City of Waco Steamer" (PDF). Gare Maritime. Southwest Underwater Archaeology Society.
- "Tragic 1875 fire sinks the City of Waco steamer", Southwest Underwater Archaeology Society[permanent dead link]
29°20′11″N 94°42′53″W / 29.3363°N 94.7148°W