Clavulina is a genus of aggulinated benthic foraminiferans with an elongate test. The early stage is triserial and triangular in section, the later stage uniserial and rectilinear, with angular to rounded section. In some species agglutinated walls have considerable calcareous cement. Septa are secondarily doubled as a result of imperforate floors, which are added as new chambers are formed. Walls contain fine bifurcating canaliculi within, openings of which are sealed internally by an inner organic lining, and externally by the imperforate surface layer of the wall. The aperture is interiomarginal in the early triserial stage, terminal and rounded in the adult.
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| Genus: | Clavulina d'Orbigny, 1826[1]
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The genus Clavulina was named by d'Orbigny, 1826. It is included in the textulariid family, Valvulinidae and is cosmopolitan in distribution, with a range extending from the Paleocene to now.
Species
editThere are many species, extant and extinct, including:
- †Clavulina alazanensis Nuttall, 1932
- †Clavulina anglica Cushman, 1936
- Clavulina angularis d'Orbigny, 1826
- Clavulina arenata Cushman, 1933
- Names brought to synonymy
- †Clavulina antipodum Stache, 1864 and †Clavulina elegans Karrer, 1864,[2] synonyms for †Arenodosaria antipodum (Stache, 1864)
References
edit- ^ d'Orbigny, A. Dessalines (1826). "Tableau méthodique de la classe des Céphalopodes". Annales des Sciences Naturelles. 7: 268.
- ^ Karrer, F. (1864). Die Foraminiferen-Fauna des tertiären Grünsandsteines der Orakei-Bay bei Auckland. Reise der Österreichischen Fregatte Novara um die Erde in den Jahren 1857, 1858, 1859 unter den Befehlen des Commodore B. von Wüllerstorf-Urbair. Paläontologie von Neu-Seeland: Beiträge zur Kenntniss der fossilen Flora und Fauna der Provinzen Auckland und Nelson. Novara-Expedition, Geologischer Theil. 1(2): 69-86.
- Joseph A. Cushman, 1950. Foraminifera, their classification and economic use. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts. Fourth edition, 1950
- Alfred R. Loeblich Jr and Helen Tappan, 1964. Sarcodina, chiefly "Thecamoebians" and Foraminiferida. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part C, Protista 2. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, 1964.
- Valvulinidae in Loeblich and Tappan, 1988, Foraminiferal genera and their classification.
External links
edit- Clavulina at WoRMS