Coast Guard Air Station Salem was a United States Coast Guard air station located in Salem, Massachusetts from 1935 to 1970. Its area of coverage extended from New York City to the Canada–United States border.
| Coast Guard Air Station Salem | |
|---|---|
| Winter Island, Salem, Massachusetts | |
 Aerial view of CGAS Salem, 1952 | |
  Coast Guard Air Station Salem Location in Massachusetts  Coast Guard Air Station Salem Coast Guard Air Station Salem (the United States) | |
| Coordinates | 42°31′35″N 70°52′07″W / 42.52639°N 70.86861°W |
| Type | Seaplane base |
| Site information | |
| Owner | City of Salem |
| Open to the public | partly |
| Site history | |
| Built | 1935 |
| Built by | US Coast Guard |
| In use | 1935–1970 |
| Battles/wars | World War II Cold War |
Mission
editThe air station's missions included search and rescue, law enforcement, counting migratory waterfowl for the U.S. Biological Survey, and assisting icebound islands by delivering provisions. During World War II anti-submarine patrols were also conducted from the air station.[1]
History
editWith little room to expand at Coast Guard Aviation Station Ten Pound Island in Gloucester, a new air station was established at Salem in 1935. CGAS Salem was built with a barracks, hangar, a radio shack,[2] an apron, and a seaplane ramp; it never had facilities for fixed-wing landplanes. The station was built on Winter Island, on land adjacent to the War of 1812 vintage Fort Pickering, and on or near the site of the construction of the sail frigate USS Essex by one of Enos Briggs' shipyards in 1799.[3][4] The station performed 26 medevac missions in its first year of operation.[1] During World War II anti-submarine patrols were conducted from the air station. In October 1944 the station was the first on the eastern seaboard to be designated as part of the Air-Sea Rescue Service.[1]
In 1950, Air Detachment Quonset Point, Rhode Island was established as a sub unit of Air Station Salem. During the 1950s, helicopters were introduced with a great deal of success as a rescue platform.
With the development circa 1960 of the Sikorsky HH-52A, an amphibious helicopter, the need for flying boats was lessened. The US Navy retired its last seaplane, the P5M Marlin, in 1967.[5] Therefore, air stations having only water landing capabilities, such as Salem, were phased out. It was replaced by Coast Guard Air Station Cape Cod in 1970, and CGAS Salem closed that year.[6] The station's surviving facilities are part of Salem's Winter Island Marine Park, and the radio shack was converted to the office of the Salem Harbormaster Department.[7]
Aircraft
editOver its history from 1935 to 1970 CGAS Salem operated numerous types of seaplanes and helicopters. Seaplanes included the Vought UO-4, General Aviation PJ-1, J4F Widgeon, Curtiss SOC-4, Grumman JRF Goose, Vought OS2U Kingfisher, Martin PBM-5, Consolidated PBY, and the Grumman HU-16 Albatross. Helicopters included the Sikorsky HO3S, HH-52A Seaguard, Piasecki HUP Army Mule, and the Piasecki HRP-1. An indoor Link Trainer was also at the air station for pilot proficiency.[1][8]
See also
editReferences
edit
- ^ a b c d CGAS Salem at airfields-freeman.com (archived)
- ^ "WINTER ISLAND: AN ANALYSIS OF RESOURCE SIGNIFICANCE AND MANAGEMENT OPTIONS" (PDF). NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NORTH ATLANTIC REGION. November 1984.
- ^ The Salem Frigate at Salem.com
- ^ Enos Briggs at SalemWeb.com
- ^ *Roberts, Michael D. Dictionary of American Naval Aviation Squadrons: Volume 2 The History of VP, VPB, VP(HL) and VP(AM) Squadrons, p. 663. Washington DC: Naval Historical Centre, 2000.
- ^ CGAS Cape Cod information at AtlanticArea.uscg.mil
- ^ "Winter Island Barracks Building Re-Use Feasibility Study" (PDF).
- ^ CGAS Salem at airfields-freeman.com. Updated 11 November 2019. Retrieved 12 July 2020.