The coat of arms that serves as the symbol of the Lublin Voivodeship, Poland depicts a white (silver) male jumping cervus (deer), with a yellow (golden) crown on its neck, placed on a red background. The current design of the coat of arms was designed by Andrzej Heidrich, and adopted in 2002.
| Coat of arms of the Lublin Voivodeship | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Armiger | Lublin Voivodeship |
| Adopted | 2002 (current version) |
| Shield | Red Iberian style escutcheon |
| Compartment | White (silver) male jumping cervus, with a yellow (golden) crown on its neck |
Design
editThe coat of arms depicts of a white (silver) male jumping cervus (deer), with a yellow (golden) crown on its neck. The cervus is facing left. The charge is placed within a red Iberian style escutcheon.
History
editKingdom of Poland
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The first mention of the deer used as the symbol of the Lublin Land comes from middle of the 14th century. In 1410, the Lublin Land was represented in the battle of Grunwald, with a red banner depicting a white (silver) jumping cervus (deer), with a yellow (golden) crown on its neck.[1][2][3] The coat of arms is also mentioned in Annales seu cronicae incliti Regni Poloniae by Jan Długosz, written by him in years 1464–1480. In the book, the coat of arms is described with the following sentence: "Lublin Land carries a horned dear ready to jump placed on a red field, whose neck is decorated with a golden crown".[2][3]
The exact origin of the design of the coat of arms remain unknown. According to some theories, the design could have originated from the coat of arms of the heraldic clan of Brochwicz. Several nobel families of that clan lived in the area of Lublin Land in the High Middle Ages. The coat of arms depicted a red cervus placed on a white (silver) background.[2][3]
The coat of arms became a symbol of the Lublin Voivodeship of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland, that was established in 1474.[2][3] The coat of arms remained in such use until 1795, when the voivodeship ceased to exist following the Third Partition of Poland.[4]
The coat of arms was also used in the seals of Sigismund I the Old, and Sigismund II Augustus, who ruled as the King of Poland and the Grand Duke of Lithuania, respectively, from 1506 to 1548, and from 1548 to 1572.[2][3]
Congress Poland
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The Lublin Voivodeship of the Congress Poland was established on 16 January 1816.[5] Its coat of arms was divided horizontally into two fields. The top field depicted a white (silver) male jumping cervus (deer), with a yellow (golden) crown on its neck, placed on a red background. The bottom field depicted a white (silver) bear and a tree trees growing on a green grass, placed on a green background. The bear stood behind the middle tree. The coat of arms was a combination of the historical coat of arms of the Lublin Voivodeship of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, and the Chełm Land.[6] The voivodeship existed until 23 lutego 1837, when it was replaced by the Lublin Governorate, which continued using said coat of arms.[6][7]
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In 1844, the Podlachian Governorate was incorporated into the Lublin Governorate. As such, the new coat of arms was combination of the two formerly used by those governorates. It was divided into four fields, two on top, and two on bottom. The top fields referred to the former coat of arms of the Lublin Governorate. The top right field depicted a white (silver) male jumping cervus (deer), with a yellow (golden) crown on its neck, placed on a red background. The top left field depicted a white (silver) bear and a tree trees growing on a green grass, placed on a green background. The bear stood behind the middle tree. The bottom fields referred to the former coat of arms of the Podlachian Governorate. The bottom right field depicted a white eagle with yellow (golden) legs, rising its wings, placed on a red background. The bottom left field depicted a knight in a white (silver) armor, sitting on a white (silver) horse with a blue saddle and shabrack, standing on its back hoofs. The knight has a blue shield with a yellow (golden) cross of Lorraine on it, put on his left arm, and hold a sword in his right hand. They are placed on a red background. The coat of arms was approved by the viceroy of Poland, Ivan Paskevich, on 5 October 1845, and later, by the tsar or Russia, Nicholas I, on 26 May 1849. It remained in use until 1866.[6]
In 1867, the governorate had been partitioned into the governorates of Lublin and Siedlce. The new design of the coat of arms of the Lublin Governorate had been approved on 25 February 1869. It consisted of a blue French-style escutcheon which was divided horizontally into two fields. The top field depicted a white (silver) male jumping cervus (deer), with a yellow (golden) crown on its neck, placed on a red background. The bottom field depicted a white (silver) bear and a tree trees growing on a green grass, placed on a green background. The bear stood behind the middle tree. Around the shield, there are yellow (golden) leaves of the oak tree, interspersed with the blue ribbon of the Order of St. Andrew. On the top of the coat of arms, above the escutcheon, there was the yellow (golden) Imperial Crown of Russia. The coat of arms was used until 1915, when the governorate ceased to exist.[6][8]
Second Republic of Poland
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In 1928, as part of the project to design the coat of arms for the voivodeships of the Second Polish Republic, the design for the coat of arms of the Warsaw Voivodeship had been created. Though planned to be officially approved, it never was, as it was decided to postpone the approval of the subdivision symbols due to the planned administrative reform, that eventually took place in 1938. Eventually, the plans for the establishment of the coat of arms had been stopped by the Invasion of Poland by Nazi Germany, on 1 September 1939, that begun the World War II, and were not picked up back after the end of the conflict.
The proposed design consisted of a red Iberian style escutcheon, with square top and rounded base, that was divided horizontally into two fields. The top field depicted a white (silver) male jumping cervus (deer) facing left, with a yellow (golden) crown on its neck, placed on a red background. The bottom field depicted a white (silver) bear and a tree trees growing on a green grass, placed on a green background. The bear stood behind the middle tree, and faced right.[9][10][11]
Third Republic of Poland
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On 29 March 1996, the Biała Podlaska Voivodeship of Poland had adopted its coat of arms. It featured a knight in a blue armor, sitting on a white (silver) horse with a blue horse tack, including the saddle and shabrack, standing on its back legs. The knight has a blue shield with a yellow (golden) cross of Lorraine on it, put on his left arm, and hold a white (silver) sword in his right hand.
The Biała Podlaska Voivodeship ceased to exist on 31 December 1998, and was replaced by the Lublin Voivodeship on the next day.[12][13] Its currently-used coat of arms had been designed by Andrzej Heidrich, and based on the historical coat of arms.[14][15] It was adopted by the Lublin Voivodeship Sejmik on 23 September 2002.[16]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Sven Ekdahl: Die "Banderia Prutenorum" des Jan Długosz: Eine Quelle zur Schlacht bei Tannenberg 1410 : Unters. zu Aufbau, Entstehung u. Quellenwert d. Hs. : mit e. ... Klasse ; Folge 3, Nr. 104). ISBN 3-525-82382-7
- ^ a b c d e Tomasz Panfil: Verba Signi. Dzieje herbu Ziemi Lubelskiej, Lublin, 1998.
- ^ a b c d e Henryk Seroka: Herb województwa lubelskiego i herby powiatów; In: Biuletyn Polskiego Towarzystwa Heraldycznego, no. 19, 1999.
- ^ Susan Parman; Larry Wolff (1994). "Inventing Eastern Europe: The Map of Civilization on the Mind of the Enlightenment". Book review. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. ISBN 0-804-72314-1. Archived from the original on March 6, 2012.
- ^ Podział Królestwa Polskiego na Woiewództwa, Obwody i Powiaty przez Namiestnika Królewskiego uczyniony na dniu 16 stycznia 1816. In: Dziennik Praw Królestwa Polskiego, vol. 1, no. 2. 1816. p. 115–120.
- ^ a b c d Stefan Krzysztof Kuczyński: Polskie herby ziemskie: geneza, treści funkcje. Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, 1993, p. 242.
- ^ Juliusz Bardach, Monika Senkowska-Gluck (editors): Historia państwa i prawa Polski, Tom III od rozbiorów do uwłaszczenia. Warsaw: PWN, 1981, p. 354. ISBN 83-01-02658-8.
- ^ Polnoye sobraniye zakonov Rossiyskoy imperii, vol XLIV, position. 46791.
- ^ Rozporządzenie Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej z dnia 13 grudnia 1927 r. o godłach i barwach państwowych oraz o oznakach, chorągwiach i pieczęciach., In: 1927 Journal of Laws, no.: 115, position: 980. 13 December 1927.
- ^ Projekt Rozporządzenia Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej w sprawie nadania herbów województwom, AAN, PRM 59-10, p. 18-21.
- ^ Baliszewski, Dariusz (10 October 2004). "Wojna sukcesów". Wprost (in Polish) (1141). Retrieved 24 March 2005.
- ^ Ustawa z dnia 28 maja 1975 r. o dwustopniowym podziale administracyjnym Państwa oraz o zmianie ustawy o radach narodowych., In: 1975 Journal of the Laws, no. 16, position 91..
- ^ Ustawa z dnia 24 lipca 1998 r. o wprowadzeniu zasadniczego trójstopniowego podziału terytorialnego państwa, In: 1998 Journal of the Laws, no. 96, position 603).
- ^ Marek Mroczkowski (3 January 2018). "Gościmy Mistrza! Wielki Andrzej Heidrich – twórca wszystkich naszych banknotów od 1975 roku". /plastyk-plock.pl (in Polish).
- ^ "Insygnia województwa". lubelskie.pl (in Polish).
- ^ Uchwała Nr XLVI/615/02 Sejmiku Województwa Lubelskiego z dnia 23 września 2002. Lublin: Lublin Voivodeship Sejmik. 23 September 2002. In: 2002 Journal of Laws of the Lublin Voivodeship. Lublin: Lublin Voivodeship Sejmik. 2002.