Sphaerodactylus cochranae, commonly known as Cochran's least gecko, is a critically endangered species of lizard in the family Sphaerodactylidae. It is endemic to Hispaniola, specifically found within the Los Haitises National Park and adjacent karst regions in the Dominican Republic.
| Cochran's least gecko | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Order: | Squamata |
| Family: | Sphaerodactylidae |
| Genus: | Sphaerodactylus |
| Species: | S. cochranae
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| Binomial name | |
| Sphaerodactylus cochranae Ruibal, 1946
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| Distribution of Sphaerodactylus cochranae. Inferred range in red. | |
Description
editSphaerodactylus cochranae is a small gecko, with adult males reaching a maximum snout-vent length (SVL) of 30 mm and females up to 28 mm. The species is characterized by its distinctive dorsal scales, which are large, acute, strongly keeled, and imbricate, numbering 20–23 from axilla to groin. The dorsal coloration is not sexually dichromatic, featuring a yellowish-brown to tan ground color with three dark-brown to black longitudinal stripes extending onto the tail. Ventral scales are smooth and cycloid, contributing to its unique appearance among its congeners.[2]
Etymology
editThe species is named in honor of Doris Mable Cochran, a distinguished American herpetologist and curator at the National Museum of Natural History, recognizing her contributions to the study of Hispaniolan herpetofauna.[3]
Distribution and habitat
editSphaerodactylus cochranae is exclusively found in the karstic Los Haitises region south of the Bahía de Samaná, thriving in mesic environments closely associated with bromeliads. Its habitat is characterized by steep mogotes (karstic hilltops) that have remained largely undisturbed by human activity, which is crucial for the survival of this gecko. The species' range is highly restricted, covering less than 71 km2 (27 sq mi).[4][failed verification]
Ecology
editLittle is known about the natural history of S. cochranae, but it is believed to be a bromeliad dweller, exceedingly sensitive to changes in its habitat, particularly those caused by agricultural expansion. The species' reliance on specific microhabitats within its limited range underscores its vulnerability to environmental disturbances.[5]
Conservation
editListed as Critically Endangered by the IUCN Red List, S. cochranae faces significant threats from habitat loss due to agricultural expansion. Despite a portion of its habitat being protected within the Los Haitises National Park, enforcement and boundary demarcation issues have led to continued deforestation and habitat degradation within the park. Conservation efforts are urgently needed to protect this species and its habitat.[1]
References
edit- ^ a b Landestoy, M.; Hedges, B. (2017) [errata version of 2016 assessment]. "Sphaerodactylus cochranae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T75605372A115486571. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T75605372A75607689.en.
- ^ Ruibal, R. (1946). "A new Sphaerodactylus from the Dominican Republic". American Museum Novitates (1308): 1–4. hdl:2246/4450.
- ^ Beolens, B., Watkins, M., & Grayson, M. (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 56.
- ^ Glor, R.E., et al. (1999). "Herpetofaunal surveys in the Los Haitises region." Oryx; 34(2): 118-128.
- ^ Powell, R; Ottenwalder, JA; Incháustegui, SJ; Henderson, RW; Glor, RE (2000). "Amphibians and reptiles of the Dominican Republic: species of special concern". Oryx. 34 (2): 118–128. doi:10.1046/j.1365-3008.2000.00103.x. hdl:1808/16493.