Cohors II Asturum et Callaecorum

The Cohors II Asturum et Callaecorum [equitata] was a Roman auxiliary unit. It is known from military diplomats and brickwork.

Components

Asturum et Callaecorum : [the] Asturer and Callaecer. The soldiers of the cohort were recruited from the Asturians and Callaecans in the territory of today's Asturias and Galicia.
Equitata : partially. The unit was a mixed bandage of infantry and cavalry. The addition does not appear explicitly in any of the military diplomats, but 2 military diplomats were exhibited for riders of the cohort.^[1]

There are no references to the milliaria (1000 men), so it is assumed that the unit was a Cohors equitata. The target strength of the cohort was 600 men (480 man infantry and 120 riders) consisting of 6 centuria infantry with 80 men and 4 turmae cavalry each with 30 riders.

History

Roman military diploma Carnuntum.

The first record of the unit was in the province of Pannonia in a military diploma dating back to AD 80. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops stationed in Pannonia.^[2]^[3]^[4]

Locations

Locations of the cohort in Pannonia and Pannonia inferior may have been:

Ad Militare (Batina): Brick finds with the stamp COH II AST indicate the presence (of parts) of the cohort in Ad Militare or the surrounding areas ( CIL 3, 10674 ). John Spaul refers to Barnabás Lőrincz regarding the order of the camps in which the unit was stationed.^[3]
Ad Statuas : Here the unit was [possibly] stationed in Lugio together with Cohors VII Breucorum.^[4]
Surduk : Brick finds indicate the presence (of parts) of the cohort in Surduk or the surrounding area.^[3]

Members of the cohort

The following members of the cohort are known:^[3]

Commanders

Granianus is known from the military diploma of 145. He was in the rank of a prefect.

Others

Dasentis, a horseman ( AE 1996, 1257 )
Entis, a horseman ( CIL 13, 7037 )

References

^ John Spaul, List of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), p. 81
^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt: Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial period. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Bremerhaven 2003/2004, pp. 161, 163
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d John Spaul, List of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), p. 81
^ ^a ^b Margaret M. Roxan: The Auxiliary of the Roman Army in the Iberian Peninsula Volume 2. discovery.ucl.ac.uk, 1973 , pp. 152-153.

[1] John Spaul, List of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), p. 81

[2] Jörg Scheuerbrandt: Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial period. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Bremerhaven 2003/2004, pp. 161, 163

[archaeological81-3] John Spaul, List of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), p. 81

[autogenerated152-4] Margaret M. Roxan: The Auxiliary of the Roman Army in the Iberian Peninsula Volume 2. discovery.ucl.ac.uk, 1973 , pp. 152-153.

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