Colobodus is an extinct genus of marine Triassic ray-finned fish of the family Colobodontidae and order Perleidiformes. Fossils have been found in Europe (France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Switzerland) and China, encompassing the former Tethys Ocean.[1] It could reach body lengths of about 70 cm (2 ft 4 in).[2]
| Colobodus Temporal range:
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| Colobodus bassanii fossil at Paläontologisches Institut und Museum, Universität Zürich | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Family: | †Colobodontidae |
| Genus: | †Colobodus Agassiz, 1844 |
| Type species | |
| †Colobodus bassanii de Alessandri, 1910
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| Other species | |
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See text | |
The original type species was Colobodus hogardi Agassiz, 1844, the fossils of which are probably destroyed, therefore the new type species C. bassanii was designated.[3]
Taxonomy
editThe following species are known:[1][4]
- †C. bassanii de Alessandri, 1910 - Late Anisian of Italy & Switzerland (Besano Formation)
- †C. maximus (Quenstedt, 1867) - Anisian of Italy (Besano Formation), Anisian to Carnian of Germany (Muschelkalk)
- †C. praemaximus Corroy, 1928 - Early Triassic of France
- †C. koenigi Stolley, 1920 - Late Anisian of Germany (Muschelkalk) (possibly synonymous with C. bassanii)
- †C. baii Sun et al., 2008 - Anisian of Guizhou, China[5]
- †C. giganteus (Beltan, 1972) - Late Ladinian of Spain (Muschelkalk)[3]
- †C. wushaensis Li et al., 2019 - Carnian of Guizhou, China[6]
Several other species (C. stensioei, C. dealessandrii, C. stolleyi, C. cyclolepis, and C. anguillalepis) were proposed by Mutter (2002) from a single fossiliferous level from the Besano Formation, although their validity is uncertain due to the extreme morphological variety within the group.[1][5]
Records of Colobodus exist outside of Europe and China, but these remains are thought to be highly questionable.[5]
Synonyms
edit- Colobodus altilepis Woodward, 1912 → Perleidus woodwardi (Woodward, 1912)
- Colobodus scutatus Gervais, 1852 → Bobasatrania scutata (Gervais, 1852)
Fossil gallery
edit-
Colobodus bassanii fossil -
Fossil at Museo dei Fossili, Besano -
Three-dimensionally preserved head of Colobodus maximus -
Lower jaw and dentition of Colobodus maximus -
Isolated scale
See also
edit
References
edit- ^ a b c d Romano, Carlo; Koot, Martha B.; Kogan, Ilja; Brayard, Arnaud; Minikh, Alla V.; Brinkmann, Winand; Bucher, Hugo; Kriwet, Jürgen (2016). "Permian-Triassic Osteichthyes (bony fishes): diversity dynamics and body size evolution (supplementary material)". Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society. 91 (1): 106–147. doi:10.1111/brv.12161. ISSN 1469-185X. PMID 25431138.
- ^ Rieppel, O. (2019). Mesozoic Sea Dragons: Triassic Marine Life from the Ancient Tropical Lagoon of Monte San Giorgio. Indiana University Press. p. 54. doi:10.2307/j.ctvd58t86. ISBN 978-0253040114. S2CID 241534158.
- ^ a b Cartnayà, Joan; Fortuny, Josep; Bolet, Arnau; Mutter, Raoul Jossua (2015). "Colobodus giganteus (Beltan, 1972) comb. nov. from the Upper Muschelkalk facies of Catalonia (NE Iberian Peninsula)". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen. 278 (3): 323–333. doi:10.1127/njgpa/2015/0532.
- ^ "PBDB Taxon". paleobiodb.org. Retrieved 2024-06-03.
- ^ a b c Zuoyu, Sun; Tintori, Andrea; Lombardo, Cristina; Dayong, Jiang; Weicheng, Hao; Yuanlin, Sun; Feixiang, Wu; Rusconi, Marco (2008-11-30). "A NEW SPECIES OF THE GENUS COLOBODUS AGASSIZ, 1844 (OSTEICHTHYES, ACTINOPTERYGII) FROM THE PELSONIAN (ANISIAN, MIDDLE TRIASSIC)OF GUIZHOU, SOUTH CHINA". Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia. 114 (3). doi:10.13130/2039-4942/5908. ISSN 2039-4942.
- ^ Li, Ji; Luo, Yongming; Wang, Yue; Xu, Guangfu; Ma, Zhiheng (2019). "A New Discovery of Colobodus Agassiz, 1844 (Colobodontidae) from the Carnian (Upper Triassic) of Guizhou, South China". Acta Geologica Sinica - English Edition. 93 (6): 1967–1968. Bibcode:2019AcGlS..93.1967L. doi:10.1111/1755-6724.13832. ISSN 1000-9515.
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