Colonus is a genus of spiders in the jumping spider family, Salticidae. Colonus species are endemic to North and South America, ranging from New York to Argentina.[2] All members of the genus have two pairs of bulbous spines on the ventral side of the first tibiae. The function of these spines is unknown.[2] Colonus was declared a junior synonym of Thiodina by Eugène Simon in 1903, but this was reversed by Bustamante, Maddison, and Ruiz in 2015.[3]
| Colonus | |
|---|---|
| |
| Female Colonus puerperus | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Salticidae |
| Subfamily: | Salticinae |
| Genus: | Colonus F.O.P.-Cambridge, 1901[1] |
| Type species | |
| Attus sylvanus Hentz, 1846[1]
| |
| Species | |
|
See text. | |
| Diversity[1] | |
| 14 species | |
Species
editAs of November 2015[update], the World Spider Catalog accepted 14 species of Colonus:[1]
- Colonus branicki (Taczanowski, 1871) – Venezuela, Guyana, French Guiana
- Colonus candidus (Mello-Leitão, 1922) – Brazil
- Colonus germaini (Simon, 1900) – Brazil, Argentina
- Colonus hesperus (Richman & Vetter, 2004) – United States, Mexico
- Colonus melanogaster (Mello-Leitão, 1917) – Brazil
- Colonus pallidus (C. L. Koch, 1846) – Colombia to Argentina
- Colonus pseustes (Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936) – Panama, French Guiana
- Colonus puerperus (Hentz, 1846) – eastern United States
- Colonus punctulatus (Mello-Leitão, 1917) – Brazil
- Colonus rishwani (Makhan, 2006) – Suriname
- Colonus robustus (Mello-Leitão, 1945) – Argentina
- Colonus sylvanus (Hentz, 1846) – United States to Panama
- Colonus vaccula (Simon, 1900) – Peru, Brazil
- Colonus vellardi (Soares & Camargo, 1948) – Brazil
References
edit- ^ a b c d "Gen. Colonus F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1901". World Spider Catalog. Natural History Museum Bern. Retrieved 2015-11-30.
- ^ a b Richman, David B.; Richard S. Vetter (2004). "A Review of the Spider Genus Thiodina (Araneae, Salticidae) in the United States". The Journal of Arachnology. 32 (3): 418–431. doi:10.1636/H03-45. S2CID 84978604.
- ^ Bustamante, Abel A.; Maddison, Wayne P.; Ruiz, Gustavo R. S. (September 2, 2015). "The jumping spider genus Thiodina Simon, 1900 reinterpreted, and revalidation of Colonus F.O.P-Cambridge, 1901 and Nilakantha Peckham & Peckham, 1901 (Araneae: Salticidae: Amycoida)". Zootaxa. 4012 (1): 181–90. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4012.1.10. PMID 26623852.
External links
edit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Colonus (genus).
Videos
edit- David Edwin Hill: Male Colonus sylvanus feeding on Oxyopes salticus — Video 220 Mb
- David Edwin Hill: Movement of the articulated pretarsal claws and footpads by a walking jumping spider, Colonus sylvanus — Video 218 Mb
- David Edwin Hill: Colonus sylvanus feeding on Leucauge venusta — Video
- David Edwin Hill: Colonus sylvanus walking and turning slowly — Video