Wikipedia

Comando Jaramillista Morelense 23 de Mayo

The Comando Jaramillista Morelense of May 23 (shortened CJ23M) is a rebel group in Mexico, attached to agrarian and leftist thoughts, taking the name of the agrarian leader and militar Rubén Jaramillo.[3] His operation is a classic armed propaganda action that fulfilled one objective: to disseminate the existence of the command and its ideology. An initiative carried out at a time of profound political decomposition in the rest of the country, preceded by the making of paintings that gave account of the existence of the group in different parts of the states of Morelos.[4][5]

Comando Jaramillista Morelense 23 de May
CJ23M
LeadersUnknown
Dates of operation2004–2009[1]
Motives
Active regionsMorelos, Mexico
IdeologyAgrarianism
Democratic socialism
Left-wing nationalism
Marxism–Leninism
StatusInactive

History

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CJM took the name of Rubén Jaramillo, who was associated with a Zapatist movement in the 1940s and 1950s and was murdered on May 23, 1962. The bombings were a tribute to Jaramillio and carried out because CJM claimed to be against the corruption of government leaders; in particular, Sergio Estrada Cajigal (governor of Morelos) and President Vicente Fox. The group claims Estrada Cagijal is involved in drug trafficking and runs a corrupt and repressive government.[6] The CJM claims not to be terrorists, but anti-government, and have stated they have no interest in harming civilians – one of the reasons why the bombing was on a Sunday (when the banks were closed and few people were about). The group was founded on May 24, 2004, where their first communiqué came out, claiming their first attack, taking the demands of Rubén Jaramillo as an ideological basis and "strengthening their legacy".[7][8]

Between May 23, 2004, and May 23, 2009, the group issued nineteen Comunicados expressing their support of socialism and their opposition to neoliberalism without expressing specific demands.[9] A similarly named group, Comando Jaramillista de la Region Oriente, issued a Comunicado in Oaxaca on November 11, 2004.[10] Over the years there have been other armed groups in the State of Morelos. Besides the rebellions led by Ruben Jaramillo, the Partido Proletario Unido de América flourished in 1974. More recently, the Popular Revolutionary Army and Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias del Pueblo (People's Armed Revolutionary Forces) have been active.[6]

The group is against the establishment of Neoliberalism in the country, especially during the final stretch of the presidency of Vicente Fox, in addition to being active during the 2006 elections, blaming the Partido Acción Nacional and the Partido Revolucionario Institucional and Partido Verde Ecologista de Mexico for the economic stagnation of the country. The attack took place a few days after the start of the III Summit of the European Union, Latin America and the Caribbean, which will be held in Guadalajara.[11][12] The group also threatens to reactivate its military activity in the event that the elections are "a fix" calling the process as a "sacrifice of hundreds of revolutionaries and social fighters who lost their lives and freedom for the sake of a free, dignified and fair to all ". It also calls for the union of the various political and social organizations either from underground and from all perspectives (whether liberal, democratic, progressive, revolutionary, socialist, etc.)[13][14]

The group also came to tie with the candidacy of Andrés Manuel López Obrador and notable peaceful civil movements during the 2006 elections, in addition to showing solidarity with the Bolivarian Revolution. The group calls for "resistance to be found in the defense and democratic transformation" of republican institutions and, consequently, in the reconstitution of the State and the Nation, as well as the members of The Other Campaign.[15][16]

The May 15, 2004, the Federal Government and the Sindicato Nacional de Trabajadores de la Educación signed the Alliance for the Quality of Education, an agreement that seeks to transform the model education through public policies that promote higher quality and equity in education in the country. But this measure was received with hostility by some sectors of the teaching profession, provoking demonstrations, for supposedly affecting their labor rights.[17] The group sympathized with these protests, describing the repression.[18] The group also opposed the Lerma-Tres Marías highway projects, northwestern bypass and the Proyecyo siglo 21 with the highway of the sun.[19] On May 23, 2009 the group released its statement number 19 in which they show their sympathy for various political and social movements that had suffered "persecution" by the government of Felipe Calderón Hinojosa.[20][21] CJ23M only recently became a vocal group; prior activity is unheard of in the region.[22]

Attacks

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Banamex attack

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The May 24 CJM-23 claimed responsibility for the detonation of three devices in the bank branches and a fourth device that was found without exploding in a branch of Banamex, Bancomer, Santander Serfin and HSBC, in the city of Jiutepec, Cuernavaca, Morelos.[23][24] The group also claimed to have placed an offering on the bust of Rubén Jaramillo, located in the city of Jiutepec.[25][26] The attack was carried out in commemoration of the death of Rubén Jaramillo, in addition to strongly criticizing the government of Vicente Fox and the governor of the state of Morelos, Sergio Estrada Cajigal accusing his administration of corrupt and inefficient.[27] The attacks said they were carried out against the corruption of government leaders Sergio Alberto Estrada Cajigal Ramírez, governor of Morelos and Vicente Fox.

Other incidents

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In the following communiqués, they spoke about the death of indigenous activists such as Gregorio Sánchez Mercado, in the state of Guerrero and Pavel Gonzalez in Mexico City, in addition to accusing the neoliberal system of "impoverishing indigenous organizations."[28] The group also criticizes the presidency of Vicente Fox and in addition to the economic and social policies that were developed during the government of the PAN and the PRI.[29][30]

The October 23, 2005, a Improvised explosive device detonated in front of a branch of BBVA in the municipality of Temixco, Morelos, causing material damage to other establishments within a 30-meter radius and leaving an attacker with minor injuries. Another explosive was also deactivated and two people were arrested, but released the next day.[31][32][33][34]

The group claimed responsibility for the attack, however, the authorities investigated the incident, and came to the conclusion this was a lie.[35][36]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Cronologia de los Grupos Armados" (PDF). CISEN. Retrieved October 30, 2019.
  2. ^ "Comunicado No.15". Cedema. Retrieved February 15, 2020.
  3. ^ "La novela de guerrilla en México y el arte de las buenas pasadas". Redalyc. Retrieved January 12, 2020.
  4. ^ "Los jaramillistas". La Jornada. Retrieved February 13, 2020.
  5. ^ "¡Guerrilla en Morelos!". Periodismo Sin Censura. Retrieved October 25, 2020.
  6. ^ a b Hernández Navarro, Luis (June 1, 2004), "Los jaramillistas" [The Jaramillistas], La Jornada (in Spanish), Mexico City, retrieved March 28, 2019
  7. ^ "Comando Jaramillista se atribuye bombazos en 3 bancos de Morelos". La Cronica. Archived from the original on October 29, 2020. Retrieved October 25, 2020.
  8. ^ "Sigue lucha Jaramillista 46 años de su asesinato". El Universal. Retrieved February 13, 2020.
  9. ^ "VER LISTA DE ARTÍCULOS DE COMANDO JARAMILLISTA MORELENSE 23 DE MAYO" (in Spanish). Centro de Documentacion de los Movimientos Armados. Retrieved March 28, 2019.
  10. ^ "VER LISTA DE ARTÍCULOS DE COMANDO JARAMILLISTA DE LA REGIÓN ORIENTE" (in Spanish). CEDEMA. Retrieved March 15, 2020.
  11. ^ "Comunicado 5". Cedema. Retrieved February 13, 2020.
  12. ^ "Atentados contra bancos mexicanos". BBC Mundo. Retrieved February 16, 2020.
  13. ^ "Comunicado 6". Cedema. Retrieved February 13, 2020.
  14. ^ "Comunicado No.14". Cedema. Retrieved February 15, 2020.
  15. ^ "Comunicado 7". Cedema. Retrieved February 13, 2020.
  16. ^ "Comunicado 11". Cedema. Retrieved March 13, 2020.
  17. ^ "La historia de la Alianza por la Calidad de la Educación". Academia.edu. Retrieved February 13, 2020.
  18. ^ "Comunicado 16". Cedema. Retrieved February 15, 2020.
  19. ^ "Comunicado 18". Cedema. Retrieved February 15, 2020.
  20. ^ "Comunicado 19". Cedema. Retrieved February 15, 2020.
  21. ^ "10 de Abril". Youtube. Archived from the original on December 22, 2021. Retrieved February 15, 2020.
  22. ^ "11 guerrillas mexicanas que continúan activas que desconocías" [11 Active Mexican Guerilla Organizations That You Don't Know] (in Spanish). Toma Nota. Retrieved March 8, 2019.
  23. ^ "Tres sucursales bancarias con destrozos a raíz de explosiones". La Nación. Retrieved October 25, 2020.
  24. ^ "México: investigan "nuevos" rebeldes". BBC Mundo. Retrieved February 16, 2020.
  25. ^ "Tres sucursales bancarias con destrozos a raíz de explosiones". La Nación. Retrieved February 16, 2020.
  26. ^ "Comando Jaramillista se atribuye bombazos en 3 bancos de Morelos". Crónica. Archived from the original on February 15, 2020. Retrieved February 15, 2020.
  27. ^ "Comunicado 1". Cedema. Retrieved February 15, 2020.
  28. ^ "Comunicado 2". Cedema. Retrieved February 14, 2020.
  29. ^ "Comunicado 3". Cedema. Retrieved February 13, 2020.
  30. ^ "Comunicado 4". Cedema. Retrieved February 13, 2020.
  31. ^ "Cronología: Explosiones en bancos". El Universal. Retrieved February 15, 2020.
  32. ^ "Estalla bomba en Morelos". El Universal. Retrieved February 15, 2020.
  33. ^ "Comunicado 9". Cedema. Retrieved February 15, 2020.
  34. ^ "Cronología del Conflicto Social/México" (PDF). Consejo Latinoamericano de Ciencias Sociales. Retrieved February 15, 2020.
  35. ^ "Comunicado 10". Cedema. Retrieved February 15, 2020.
  36. ^ "Desestiman autoría de jaramillistas en explosión en Temixco, Morelos". Cedema. Retrieved October 16, 2020.

External sources

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