The Consulate General of Sweden is the diplomatic mission of Sweden in New York City. It is located at One Dag Hammarskjöld Plaza in Turtle Bay, Manhattan, near the headquarters of the United Nations. The consulate general originated from the consulate opened in 1834, which was converted into an consulate general in 1914. The consulate general's district includes the states of Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont. The consulate general offers various consular services like passport applications, citizenship matters, and name registration, alongside providing assistance to Swedes in emergencies. It also works on fostering cultural and economic ties, organizing events to promote Swedish culture in the northeastern United States. Additionally, it facilitates information sharing about Sweden, and promotes exchanges between Swedish and American organizations.
| Consulate General of Sweden, New York City | |
|---|---|
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| Location | New York City |
| Address | One Dag Hammarskjöld Plaza 885 Second Avenue, 40th floor New York, NY 10017 |
| Coordinates | 40°45′39″N 73°58′15″W / 40.76089°N 73.97079°W |
| Opened | 1834 (as consulate) 1914 (as consulate general) |
| Consul General | Erik Ullenhag |
| Website | Official website |
History
editThe consulate here, established as a result of the Chancellery and Collegium of Commerce's request on October 14, 1799, originally covered the states of New York and Connecticut. However, in 1834, it merged with the consulate general for the United States of North America, a responsibility assigned to the Swedish mission in the United States since 1822, relocating from Philadelphia in that year (1834). Before 1833, the consul general, who received a salary of 4,000 Riksdaler banco, had no right to collect consulate fees from Swedish vessels. Still, according to the decision of King in Council on March 13, 1822, they received two Spanish piasters for each issued certificate.[1] By royal decree on May 25, 1850, the consulate general encompassed the entire union, excluding California. However, in connection with a royal decree on June 15, 1858, the mission moved to Washington, D.C.. Simultaneously, it was stipulated that a separate consulate should be established in New York City, covering the same states as a district, with an office budget of 500 Riksdaler banco. This amount was increased to 1,000 on November 15, 1867, and to 1,500 on November 11, 1870, in the same currency. By royal decree on July 1, 1886, a paid vice consul was appointed alongside the consul, initially earning 6,000 Swedish kronor. Still, on November 17, 1899, it was raised to 9,000 kronor and, since August 28, 1908, to 12,000 kronor.[1]
Through a royal decree on December 5, 1890, the consulate also became salaried (salary of 30,000 kronor), and its district expanded to include, besides the state of New York, all seaports in the states located along the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico. After the dissolution of the union between Norway and Sweden the consulate salary was withdrawn, and the consulate was initially filled only by an appointed unpaid consul who received office support (initially 8,000, but after September 28, 1907, only 4,000 kronor; the salaried vice consulate, however, was retained.[1] According to a royal decree on August 28, 1908, the consulate was again salaried (salary of 24,000 kronor plus 6,000 kronor in office expenses) and includes a district consisting of the states of Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Delaware, New York, Connecticut, Rhode Island, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Maryland, Virginia, West Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee, North Carolina, Georgia, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, and Texas, as well as the District of Columbia. At the 1913 Riksdag, King in Council's proposal for transforming the consulate into a consulate general and raising the salary to 28,000 kronor was approved.[1] On January 1, 1914, the consulate was upgraded to a consulate general.[2]
On July 1, 1992, the Swedish Information Service, was integrated with the Swedish Consulate General in New York City.[3]
In 2010, the general consulate - a mission with about 25 employees, diplomats as well as local employees - was closed for budgetary reasons. In connection with this, the smaller Swedish honorary consulate general opened. Prime Minister Stefan Löfven announced in November 2014 that Sweden would re-open a general consulate in New York City,[4] then no earlier than fall of 2015.[5] On October 29, 2015, the Swedish government decided to upgrade the Swedish presence in New York City by opening a consulate general. The new mission was staffed by two people from the Ministry for Foreign Affairs and a number of local employees.[6] On January 27, 2016, Sweden's new consulate general in New York City was inaugurated in a ceremony with, among others, Minister of Enterprise and Innovation Mikael Damberg, Sweden's new consul general Leif Pagrotsky, ambassador Björn Lyrvall, Deputy Commissioner Hillary Schrenell and outgoing honorary consul general David E.R. Dangoor.[7]
Tasks
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The consulate general provides consular services, including passport applications, citizenship issues, name registration, and application for co-ordination numbers (samordningsnummer). It also includes offering advice and support to Swedes in emergency situations. The consulate general works on promoting cultural and economic relations. The consulate general organizes and supports activities to promote Swedish culture and interests in the northeastern the United States. The consulate general assists the public and media with information about Sweden, as well as promotes exchanges between organizations, companies, and institutions in Sweden and the United States.[8]
District
editThe district of the consulate general, at least from 1969 to 1975, included, in addition to the city of New York City, the states of New York, Connecticut, Delaware, Georgia, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia, Florida (except the Florida panhandle), and the District of Columbia, as well as Puerto Rico and Saint Thomas.[9] The states of Alabama, Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas, as well as the Florida panhandle belonged to the Consulate General of Sweden, Houston until 1975.[10] From 1976 they belonged to the Consulate General in the New York City district. In the same year, the states of Kentucky and Tennessee were transferred to the Consulate General of Sweden, Chicago.[11] In 1979, the states except Florida reverted to the Consulate General in Houston.[12]
From 1982, they were responsible for the entire United States Virgin Islands.[13] The Consulate General in Houston closed in 1982 and from 1983 the Consulate General in New York City was again responsible for the states of Alabama, Louisiana, Mississippi as well as the newly added Arkansas, but not Texas.[14] In 1993, the Swedish Consulate General in Chicago closed, so the following year the Consulate General in New York City took over the states of Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, and Wisconsin.[15] In 1995, the Consulate General of Sweden, Los Angeles closed and the Consulate General in New York City became Sweden's only remaining consulate general in the USA. The district then came to include the entire United States.[16]
As of October 31, 2023, the consulate general's district includes the states of Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont.[8]
Buildings
editChancery
editOn April 12, 1899, the Swedish-Norwegian consulate relocated to 17 State Street in the Financial District.[17] In January 1906, it was reported that the Swedish consulate had moved to Room 1006 at 17 State Street.[18] The consulate remained at the same address until 1919.[19] In 1920, it was located at 119 Nassau Street in the Financial District.[20] From 1921 to 1922, it was situated at 6 Beekman Street in the Financial District.[21][22]
In 1923, it moved to Room 5838, Grand Central Terminal Building, 70 East 45th Street.[23] The consulate general remained there until February 28, 1931. From March 1, 1931, to 1936, the consulate general was located in the Chrysler Building at 405 Lexington Avenue in Midtown.[24][25] From 1937 to 1947, the consulate general was situated in Room 1118, International Building, Rockefeller Center at 630 Fifth Avenue.[26][27]
In 1948, the consulate general moved to 61 East 64th Street in Lenox Hill on the Upper East Side.[28] The consulate general remained there for over 20 years, until 1969.[9] In 1970, the consulate general moved to the 39th floor at 825 Third Avenue in Midtown East.[29] In 1976, it moved down to the 38th floor, where it remained until 1989.[11][30] In 1990, it moved to the 45th floor of One Dag Hammarskjöld Plaza at 885 Second Avenue.[31] It remained there until 2009 when the consulate general closed.[32]
When the honorary consulate general opened in 2010, the chancery moved to 445 Park Avenue between 56th Street and 57th Street, for the reason that the honorary consul general David E.R. Dangoor already had offices in this building.[33] After the upgrade to consulate general in December 2016, the consulate general's address became 445 Park Avenue until further notice.[34] Since 2017, the chancery is again located at One Dag Hammarskjöld Plaza, but on the 40th floor.
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61 East 64th Street (left)
(1948–1969) -
825 Third Avenue
(1970–1989) -
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Residence
editAfter World War II, the Swedish state looked for a residence building for the Swedish consul general. In 1946, the house at 600 Park Avenue was purchased for this reason. When the properties on 61-63 East 64th Street were for sale, the consulate were given the opportunity to make room for the consulate general and staff housing. This meant that a refurbishment of the interiors of the houses was necessary. The staff moved in during 1947. Shortly thereafter, the properties 604 and 608 Park Avenue were also acquired. The consulate general's business expanded considerably and in 1965 the Ministry for Foreign Affairs decided to move the office functions to more modern office premises.[33]
The buildings have since 1981 been classified as "landmark", ie buildings with a historical value whose exteriors may not change. In 1984-85, the National Swedish Board of Public Building (Byggnadsstyrelsen), the National Property Board of Sweden's predecessor, carried out a thorough rebuilding of the four houses in order to achieve a functional housing for the consul general and as many apartments as possible. The construction work started in August 1984 and the houses were ready for occupancy in the fall of 1985. After the renovation, the properties had a total of 21 apartments, laundry rooms, storage rooms and a sauna. Well-known Swedish designers such as Carl Malmsten, Josef Frank, Carl-Axel Acking and Ingegerd Torhamn are represented in the interior. The works also included renovation of the facades.[33]
The property, registered as 600, 604 and 608 Park Avenue and 61-63 East 64th Street, houses housing for Swedish personnel. In 2011–2013, the National Property Board of Sweden renovated the property after an ambitious care program with the aim of highlighting the cultural-historical values that were lost during previous renovations. The National Property Board of Sweden completed the major renovation of 600 Park Avenue with the renovation of adjacent facades and windows in 2014. For some time, the property was the residence of the Swedish UN ambassador.[33]
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600 Park Avenue and East 64th Street -
Entrance to the property on 600 Park Avenue and East 64th Street
Heads of Mission
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| Name | Period | Title | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|
| Henrik Gahn | November 21, 1799 – August 3, 1834 | Consul | [35] |
| Severin Lorich | August 1834 – March 11, 1837 | Consul general | [35] |
| Gustaf af Nordin | May 14, 1838 – October 9, 1845 | Consul | [35] |
| Adam Christopher Lövenskiold | December 10, 1846 – September 25, 1850 | Consul; acting November 14, 1845 | [35] |
| Georg Sibbern | May 4, 1852 – April 20, 1858 | Consul; acting September 25, 1850 | [35] |
| Carl Edvard Habicht | October 6, 1859 – November 11, 1870 | Vice consul 1845; consul n.h.o.v. July 28, 1854 | [35] |
| Christian Börs | June 9, 1871 – June 19, 1890 | Consul | [35] |
| Carl Gustaf Marius Woxen | June 12, 1891 – May 13, 1898 | Consul | [35] |
| Christopher Ravn | June 30, 1899 – October 31, 1905 | Consul | [35] |
| Alexander Edward Johnson | November 3, 1905 – December 11, 1908 | Acting consul general | [36][35] |
| Magnus Clarholm | December 11, 1908 – 1919 | Consul (consul general from January 1, 1914) | [35][37][2] |
| Claës Bonde | December 8, 1914 – February 12, 1915 | Acting consul general | [38] |
| Sven Magnusson Lagerberg | 1916–1918 | Acting consul general | |
| Nils Jaenson | 1919–1919 | Acting consul general | [39] |
| Olof Lamm | 1919–1921 | Acting consul general | [40] |
| Olof Lamm | 1921–1933 | Consul general | [40] |
| Gustaf Weidel | 1933–1935 | Consul general | [41] |
| Martin Kastengren | 1935–1945 | Consul general | [42] |
| Lennart Nylander | 1945–1955 | Consul general | [43] |
| Erik Kronvall | 1955–1962 | Consul general | [44] |
| Love Kellberg | 1963–1963 | Consul general | [45] |
| Tore Tallroth | 1963–1970 | Consul general | [46] |
| Gunnar Lonaeus | 1970–1975 | Consul general | [47] |
| Carl-Henric Nauckhoff | 1975–1978 | Consul general | [48] |
| Bengt Friedman | 1978–1983 | Consul general | [49] |
| Magnus Faxén | 1984–1988 | Consul general | [50] |
| Arne Thorén | 1988–1992 | Consul general | [51] |
| Dag Sebastian Ahlander | 1992–1998 | Consul general | [52] |
| Olle Wästberg | 1999–2004 | Consul general | [53] |
| Kjell Anneling | 2004–2006 | Consul general | [54] |
| Ulf Hjertonsson | March 1, 2006 – 2009 | Consul general | [32][55] |
| David E.R. Dangoor | 2010–2016 | Honorary consul general | [56] |
| Leif Pagrotsky | January 2016 – 2018 | Consul general | [57] |
| Annika Rembe | October 1, 2018 – 2021 | Consul general | [58] |
| Camilla Mellander | 2021–2024 | Consul general | [59] |
| Erik Ullenhag | 2024–present | Consul general | [60] |
See also
editReferences
editNotes
edit- ^ a b c d Almquist 1914, p. 346
- ^ a b "Svenskt generalkonsulat i New York" [Swedish Consulate General in New York]. Vestkusten (in Swedish). No. 3. San Francisco & Oakland, Cal. January 15, 1914. p. 1. SELIBR 4085814. Retrieved October 25, 2019.
- ^ Spiegelberg 1992, p. 374
- ^ Bergin 2014
- ^ "Sverige öppnar generalkonsulat i New York" (in Swedish). Swedish Cabinet Office. November 22, 2014. Archived from the original on December 19, 2014. Retrieved December 19, 2014.
- ^ "Regeringen har beslutat att öppna ett generalkonsulat i New York" (in Swedish). Government Offices of Sweden. October 29, 2015. Retrieved May 31, 2019.
- ^ "Invigning av generalkonsulatet i New York" (in Swedish). Government Offices of Sweden. January 28, 2016. Retrieved May 31, 2019.
- ^ a b "Om oss" [About us] (in Swedish). Consulate General of Sweden, New York City. October 31, 2023. Retrieved May 10, 2024.
- ^ a b Sköldenberg 1969, pp. 348, 350
- ^ Sköldenberg 1975, p. 397
- ^ a b Sköldenberg 1976, p. 420
- ^ Sköldenberg 1979, p. 332
- ^ Sköldenberg 1982, p. 354
- ^ Sköldenberg 1983, p. 341
- ^ Almqvist 1994, p. 171
- ^ Almqvist 1996, p. 174
- ^ "Svenska och norska konsulatet i New York" [The Swedish and Norwegian consulate in New York City]. Svenska Dagbladet (in Swedish). No. 114A. April 28, 1899. p. 1. Retrieved 6 February 2024.
- ^ "Svenska konsulatet i New York" [The Swedish consulate in New York City]. Svenska Dagbladet (in Swedish). No. 5. January 5, 1906. p. 4. Retrieved February 6, 2024.
- ^ Sveriges statskalender för året 1919 (PDF) (in Swedish). Uppsala: Almqvist & Wiksell. 1919. p. 183.
- ^ Sveriges statskalender för skottåret 1920 (PDF) (in Swedish). Uppsala: Almqvist & Wiksell. 1920. p. 190.
- ^ Sveriges statskalender för året 1921 (PDF) (in Swedish). Uppsala: Almqvist & Wiksell. 1921. p. 190.
- ^ Sveriges statskalender för året 1922 (PDF) (in Swedish). Uppsala: Almqvist & Wiksell. 1922. p. 195.
- ^ Sveriges statskalender för året 1923 (PDF) (in Swedish). Uppsala: Almqvist & Wiksell. 1923. p. 203.
- ^ Sveriges statskalender för året 1931 (PDF) (in Swedish). Uppsala: Fritzes offentliga publikationer. 1931. p. 196.
- ^ Sveriges statskalender för skottåret 1936 (PDF) (in Swedish). Uppsala: Fritzes offentliga publikationer. 1936. p. 205.
- ^ Sveriges statskalender för året 1937 (PDF) (in Swedish). Uppsala: Fritzes offentliga publikationer. 1937. p. 213.
- ^ Sveriges statskalender för året 1947 (PDF) (in Swedish). Uppsala: Fritzes offentliga publikationer. 1947. p. 282.
- ^ Sveriges statskalender för skottåret 1948 (PDF) (in Swedish). Uppsala: Fritzes offentliga publikationer. 1948. p. 270.
- ^ Sköldenberg 1970, p. 360
- ^ Spiegelberg 1989, p. 358
- ^ Spiegelberg 1990, p. 350
- ^ a b Spiegelberg 2009, p. 174
- ^ a b c d "New York, USA. FN-ambassadörens residens" (in Swedish). National Property Board of Sweden. Retrieved December 19, 2014.
- ^ "Om generalkonsulatet" (in Swedish). Consulate General of Sweden, New York City. May 18, 2016. Archived from the original on June 8, 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Almquist 1914, p. 347
- ^ Westrin 1910, p. 63
- ^ Vem är det 1945, p. 210.
- ^ Elgenstierna 1925, p. 529
- ^ Svensson & Ekstedt 1955, p. 452
- ^ a b Svenskt biografiskt lexikon 1977–1979, p. 199
- ^ Svensson 1953, p. 1113
- ^ Lagerström 1968, p. 494
- ^ Lagerström 1966, p. 692
- ^ Lagerström 1968, p. 517
- ^ Salander Mortensen 1996, p. 606
- ^ Vem är det 1984, p. 1088.
- ^ Salander Mortensen 1996, p. 720
- ^ Salander Mortensen 1996, p. 805
- ^ Salander Mortensen 1996, p. 355
- ^ Salander Mortensen 1996, p. 328
- ^ Salander Mortensen 1996, p. 1115
- ^ Spiegelberg 1998, p. 170
- ^ Spiegelberg 2004, p. 166
- ^ Spiegelberg 2006, p. 170
- ^ "Ulf Hjertonsson ny generalkonsul i New York" [Ulf Hjertonsson new consul general in New York]. Expressen (in Swedish). TT. October 20, 2005. Retrieved October 23, 2024.
- ^ "Fortsatt svensk närvaro i New York" [Continued Swedish presence in New York] (Press release) (in Swedish). Ministry for Foreign Affairs. October 27, 2010. Retrieved April 23, 2020 – via Mynewsdesk.[dead link]
- ^ "Ny generalkonsul i New York" [New consul general in New York] (Press release) (in Swedish). Ministry for Foreign Affairs. December 18, 2015. Retrieved August 26, 2024.
- ^ "Ny generalkonsul i New York" [New consul general in New York] (Press release) (in Swedish). Ministry for Foreign Affairs. May 31, 2018. Retrieved August 26, 2024.
- ^ "Ny generalkonsul i New York" [New consul general in New York] (Press release) (in Swedish). Ministry for Foreign Affairs. March 18, 2021. Retrieved August 26, 2024.
- ^ "Ny generalkonsul i New York (USA)" [New consul general in New York (USA)] (Press release) (in Swedish). Ministry for Foreign Affairs. April 4, 2024. Retrieved August 26, 2024.
- Almquist, Johan Axel (1914). Kommerskollegium och Riksens Ständers Manufakturkontor samt konsulsstaten 1651-1910: administrativa och biografiska anteckningar (PDF). Meddelanden från svenska Riksarkivet, Ny följd. Ser. 2, 99-0506720-5 ; 4 (in Swedish). Stockholm: Norstedt. SELIBR 844316.
- Almqvist, Gerd, ed. (1994). Sveriges statskalender 1994 (PDF) (in Swedish). Stockholm: Fritzes. ISBN 9138129485. SELIBR 3682773.
- Almqvist, Gerd, ed. (1996). Sveriges statskalender 1996 (PDF) (in Swedish). Stockholm: Fritzes. ISBN 9138350211. SELIBR 3682781.
- Bergin, Erik (21 November 2014). "Generalkonsulatet i New York ska öppnas igen". Svenska Dagbladet (in Swedish). Retrieved December 19, 2014.
- Elgenstierna, Gustaf, ed. (1925). Den introducerade svenska adelns ättartavlor (in Swedish). Vol. 1 Abrahamsson-Celsing. Stockholm: Norstedt. SELIBR 10076137.
- Lagerström, Sten, ed. (1966). Vem är det: svensk biografisk handbok. 1967 [Who is it: Swedish biographical handbook. 1967] (in Swedish). Stockholm: Norstedt. SELIBR 3681518.
- Lagerström, Sten, ed. (1968). Vem är det: svensk biografisk handbok. 1969 [Who is it: Swedish biographical handbook. 1969] (in Swedish). Stockholm: Norstedt. SELIBR 3681519.
- Salander Mortensen, Jill, ed. (1996). Vem är det: svensk biografisk handbok. 1997 [Who is it: Swedish biographical handbook. 1997] (in Swedish). Stockholm: Norstedt. ISBN 91-1-960852-7. SELIBR 3681533.
- Sköldenberg, Bengt, ed. (1969). Sveriges statskalender 1969 (PDF) (in Swedish). Uppsala: Fritzes offentliga publikationer. SELIBR 3682754.
- Sköldenberg, Bengt, ed. (1970). Sveriges statskalender 1970 (PDF) (in Swedish). Uppsala: Fritzes offentliga publikationer.
- Sköldenberg, Bengt, ed. (1975). Sveriges statskalender 1975 (PDF) (in Swedish). Uppsala: Liber/Allmänna. ISBN 91-38-02088-2. SELIBR 3682757.
- Sköldenberg, Bengt, ed. (1976). Sveriges statskalender 1976 (PDF) (in Swedish). Uppsala: Liber/Allmänna. ISBN 91-38-02736-4. SELIBR 3682757.
- Sköldenberg, Bengt, ed. (1979). Sveriges statskalender 1979 (PDF) (in Swedish). Stockholm: Liber. ISBN 91-38-04622-9. SELIBR 3682760.
- Sköldenberg, Bengt, ed. (1982). Sveriges statskalender 1982 (PDF) (in Swedish). Stockholm: Liber/Allmänna. ISBN 9138067307. SELIBR 3682763.
- Sköldenberg, Bengt, ed. (1983). Sveriges statskalender 1983 (PDF) (in Swedish). Stockholm: Liber/Allmänna. ISBN 9138071576. SELIBR 3682764.
- Spiegelberg, Christina, ed. (1989). Sveriges statskalender 1989 (PDF) (in Swedish). Stockholm: Allmänna. ISBN 9138121735. SELIBR 3682768.
- Spiegelberg, Christina, ed. (1990). Sveriges statskalender 1990 (PDF) (in Swedish). Stockholm: Allmänna. ISBN 913812291X. SELIBR 3682769.
- Spiegelberg, Christina, ed. (1992). Sveriges statskalender 1992 (PDF) (in Swedish). Stockholm: Allmänna. ISBN 913812694X. SELIBR 3682771.
- Spiegelberg, Christina, ed. (1998). Sveriges statskalender 1998 (PDF) (in Swedish). Stockholm: Fritzes. ISBN 9138313111. SELIBR 3682777.
- Spiegelberg, Christina, ed. (2004). Sveriges statskalender 2004 (PDF) (in Swedish). Stockholm: Fritzes. ISBN 91-38-32120-3. SELIBR 89506762.
- Spiegelberg, Christina, ed. (2006). Sveriges statskalender 2006 (PDF) (in Swedish). Stockholm: Norstedts Juridik AB/Fritzes. ISBN 91-38-32230-7. SELIBR 10156707.
- Spiegelberg, Christina, ed. (2009). Sveriges statskalender 2009 (PDF) (in Swedish). Stockholm: Norstedts Juridik AB/Fritzes. ISBN 978-91-38-32464-6. SELIBR 11452377.
- Svensson, Stina, ed. (1953). Vem är det: svensk biografisk handbok. 1953 [Who is it: Swedish biographical handbook. 1953] (in Swedish). Stockholm: Norstedt. SELIBR 9649164.
- Svensson, Stina; Ekstedt, Tage, eds. (1955). Vem är det: svensk biografisk handbok. 1955 [Who is it: Swedish biographical handbook. 1955] (in Swedish). Stockholm: Norstedt. SELIBR 3681511.
- Westrin, Theodor, ed. (1910). Nordisk familjebok: konversationslexikon och realencyklopedi (in Swedish). Vol. 13 (New, rev. and richly ill. ed.). Stockholm: Nordisk familjeboks förl.
- Vem är det: svensk biografisk handbok. 1945 [Who is it: Swedish biographical handbook. 1945] (in Swedish). Stockholm: Norstedt. 1945. SELIBR 8261511.
- Vem är det: svensk biografisk handbok. 1985 [Who is it: Swedish biographical handbook. 1985] (in Swedish). Stockholm: Norstedt. 1984. ISBN 91-1-843222-0. SELIBR 3681527.
- "Lamm, släkt". Svenskt biografiskt lexikon (in Swedish). Vol. 22. National Archives of Sweden. 1977–1979. Retrieved 11 September 2019.
External links
edit
- Official website (in English)
- Official website (in Swedish)
- Consulate General of Sweden, New York City on Facebook
- Consulate General of Sweden, New York City on Twitter
- Consulate General of Sweden, New York City on Instagram
- Property on Park Avenue (in Swedish)