Copinsay (Old Norse: Kolbeinsey) is one of the Orkney Islands in Scotland, lying off the east coast of the Orkney Mainland. The smaller companion island to Copinsay, Horse of Copinsay lies to the northeast. The Horse is uninhabited, and is managed as a bird reserve. Copinsay is also home to a lighthouse.
| Old Norse name | Kolbeinsey |
|---|---|
| Meaning of name | "Kobeinn's Island" |
 Southwards from the eastern edge of the Horse of Copinsay. Copinsay lighthouse is on the high ground in the distance. | |
| Location | |
  Copinsay Copinsay shown within Orkney | |
| OS grid reference | HY607015 |
| Coordinates | 58°54′N 2°40′W / 58.9°N 2.67°W |
| Physical geography | |
| Island group | Orkney |
| Area | 73 hectares (0.28 sq mi) |
| Area rank | 170 [1] |
| Highest elevation | 64 metres (210 ft) |
| Administration | |
| Council area | Orkney Islands |
| Country | Scotland |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Demographics | |
| Population | 0 |
 | |
| References | [2][3][4][5][6] |
| Copinsay Lighthouse | |
 Copinsay Lighthouse in 2005 | |
| Coordinates | 58°53′47″N 2°40′19″W / 58.896432°N 2.672027°W |
| Constructed | 1915 |
| Built by | David Alan Stevenson  |
| Construction | stone tower |
| Automated | 1991 |
| Height | 16 metres (52 ft) |
| Shape | cylindrical tower with balcony and lantern |
| Markings | white tower, black lantern, ochre trim |
| Power source | solar power |
| Operator | Royal Society for the Protection of Birds [7][8] |
| Heritage | category B listed building |
| Focal height | 39 metres (128 ft) |
| Range | 21 nautical miles (39 km; 24 mi) |
| Characteristic | Fl(5) W 30s |
History
editFor many generations, prior to the final inhabitants moving to the Mainland in 1958, Copinsay was full of life. This is evidenced by the large double story farmhouse, the Steading (or farm buildings) behind it for the farm tenants, a school with a schoolteacher, and up to three lighthouse keepers' families. There is also an ancient burial site on the island.
In the earlier part of the 20th century, a weekly postal service provided contact with the Mainland, and there were fortnightly shopping trips to Deerness, allowing for weather. The farm had working horses, cattle and sheep - all of which had to be transported on the "coo" or "cow" boat. Bird's eggs provided a good supplement to the islanders' diet, and men were lowered over the cliffs on a special rope, or were rowed out to the Horse to bring back this addition. Pigs were loosed in the Spring on the Horse for many years, and they fed on the bird's eggs.
Many interesting facts and accounts of life on Copinsay are still retold in the Deerness Community, with many members still remembering when the island was still home to loved ones. Myths about the island include the story of the Copinsay Brownie.[9]
The island was bought by the ornithology charity RSPB in 1972 in memory of the naturalist James Fisher.[10]
Ecology
editAlthough Copinsay today is uninhabited, some fields are still farmed at the behest of the RSPB, to try provide suitable conditions for Corncrake. As a result, a patchwork of yesteryear is returning to the island, even though the people have not. Together with the three adjacent islets (Corn Holm, Ward Holm and Black Holm), it is designated a Special Protection Area (SPA) under the European Union directive on the Conservation of Wild Birds due to the unimproved grassland vegetation and sheer sandstone cliffs providing ideal breeding ledges for seabirds.[11] There is a large colony of grey seals on the island. They usually pup in November each year. Puffins can be seen during July on the adjacent holms.
The island has been designated an Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International because it supports significant breeding populations of seabirds.[12]
See also
edit
References
edit- ^ Area and population ranks: there are c. 300 islands over 20 ha in extent and 93 permanently inhabited islands were listed in the 2011 census.
- ^ 2001 UK Census per List of islands of Scotland
- ^ Haswell-Smith, Hamish (2004). The Scottish Islands. Edinburgh: Canongate. ISBN 978-1-84195-454-7.
- ^ Get-a-map (Map). Ordnance Survey.
- ^ Anderson, Joseph (Ed.) (1893) Orkneyinga Saga. Translated by Jón A. Hjaltalin & Gilbert Goudie. Edinburgh. James Thin and Mercat Press (1990 reprint). ISBN 0-901824-25-9
- ^ Pedersen, Roy (January 1992) Orkneyjar ok Katanes (map, Inverness, Nevis Print)
- ^ Rowlett, Russ. "Lighthouses of Scotland: Orkney". The Lighthouse Directory. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Retrieved 25 May 2016.
- ^ Copinsay Archived 2016-03-24 at the Wayback Machine Northern Lighthouse Board. Retrieved 25 May 2016
- ^ "Copinsay Brownie". Retrieved 6 January 2008.
- ^ "Copinsay reserve". RSPB.
- ^ "Copinsay SPA description". JNCC.
- ^ "Copinsay". BirdLife Data Zone. BirdLife International. 2024. Retrieved 30 August 2024.
External links
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