The Couler Valley is a valley near Dubuque, Iowa, and has the Bee Branch Creek, previously known as the Couler Creek, located in it.[1] It is about 5 miles (8.0 km) long.[2][3] It is found in the Driftless Area.[3]
| Couler Valley | |
|---|---|
 The Couler Valley as seen from a bridge on the Heritage Trail over Iowa Highway 3 | |
| Length | 5 miles (8.0 km) |
| Width | 0.5 miles (0.80 km) |
| Depth | 200 feet (61 m) |
| Geography | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Iowa |
| Region | Dubuque County |
| Coordinates | 42°33′35″N 90°42′33″W / 42.55972°N 90.70929°W |
| Rivers | Bee Branch Creek, Little Maquoketa River |
Etymology
editThe name Couler has unknown meanings, however it could originate from the French couler or "to cast." Previously, the lower section went by Langworthy Hollow.[1]
History
editIt has been interpreted that the Little Maquoketa River used to flow through the Couler Valley.[3]
Mining started in the valley in 1788 when Julien Dubuque befriended the Fox Indians. Most of the Couler Valley was included in the land grant to Dubuque by the Spanish Empire. After Dubuque's death, the Indians took over mining and exported lead to white settlers who had a furnace on a Mississippian Island.[4] In 1833, settling was permitted west of the Mississippi and mining was resumed by settlers.[4]
Geography
editThe Couler Valley stretches for about 5 miles (8.0 km) in between the valleys of the Little Maquoketa River in Sageville to the Mississippi River in Dubuque in the south.[3] It is drained southeastwardly by the Bee Branch.[2] During high floods, the Little Maquoketa River can also occupy parts of the valley. It is 200 feet (61 m) deep, 0.5 miles (0.80 km) wide, and has a flat alluvial bottom.[3]
Geology
editThe ore district around the Couler Valley has large amounts of zinc and lead. Those minerals were mined extensively in the 19th century.[4] The lithology of the surface consists of loess and residuum.[4]
References
edit- ^ a b "Bee Branch Creek History | Dubuque, IA – Official Website". www.cityofdubuque.org. Retrieved December 21, 2022.
- ^ a b Heyl, Allen V.; Agnew, Allen F.; Lyons, Erwin J.; Behre, Charles H.; Flint, Arthur E. (1959). "The Geology of the Upper Mississippi Valley Zinc-Lead District". Professional Paper. doi:10.3133/pp309. ISSN 2330-7102.
- ^ a b c d e Witzke, Brian; Bettis, Arthur; Anderson, Raymond; Heathcote, Richard (April 27, 1997). Geology in the Dubuque Area (PDF) (Guidebook 63 ed.). Iowa City, Iowa: Iowa Department of Natural Resources. pp. 2, 10. Retrieved December 26, 2022.
- ^ a b c d Brown, C. Erwin; Collins, L.G.; Crosby, Percy (1955). "Geology and zinc-lead deposits in the Couler Valley area, Dubuque County, Iowa".
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