Principality of Taranto

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The Principality of Taranto (Latin: Principatum Tarentinum) was a state in southern Italy created in 1088 for Bohemond I, eldest son of Robert Guiscard, as part of the peace between him and his younger brother Roger Borsa after a dispute over the succession to the Duchy of Apulia.

Principality of Taranto
Principatum Tarentinum (Latin)
1088–1465
Coat of arms of Philippe of Anjou, prince of Tarente, before 1313 of Taranto
Coat of arms of Philippe of Anjou, prince of Tarente, before 1313
Approximate area of the Principality of Taranto within the Kingdom of Sicily, c. 1154
Approximate area of the Principality of Taranto within the Kingdom of Sicily, c. 1154
StatusVassal State of:
Kingdom of Sicily
(1130-1282)
Kingdom of Naples
(1282-1465)
CapitalTaranto
Common languagesMedieval Latin
Religion
Roman Catholicism
GovernmentPrincipality
Prince 
• 1088–1111
Bohemond I (first)
• 1463–1465
Isabella (last)
History 
• Established
1088
• Death of Isabella of Clermont
30 March 1465
Preceded by
Succeeded by
County of Apulia and Calabria
Kingdom of Naples

Taranto became the capital of the principality, which covered almost all of the heel of Apulia. During its subsequent 377 years of history, it was sometimes a powerful and almost independent feudal fief of the Kingdom of Sicily (and later of Naples), sometimes only a title, often given to the heir to the crown or to the husband of a reigning queen. When the House of Anjou was divided, Taranto fell to the house of Durazzo (1394–1463).

Ferdinand I of Naples united the Principality of Taranto, to the Kingdom of Naples, at the death of his wife, Isabella of Clermont. The principality came to an end, but the kings of Naples continued giving the title of Prince of Taranto to their sons, firstly to the future Alfonso II of Naples, eldest son of Isabella.

Counts

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Princes

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  • 1088 - Bohemond I (1054–1111), later Bohemond I prince of the crusader state of Antioch;
  • 1111 - Bohemond II (1108–1130), also prince of Antioch;
  • 1128 - King Roger II (1093–1154), duke of Apulia, king of Sicily, unifier of Southern Italy;
  • 1132 - Tancred, son of Roger II, prince of Bari, received the principality from his father;
  • 1138 - William I, later king of Sicily, son of Roger II, became prince of Taranto at the death of his brother Tancred;
  • 1144 - Simon, son of Roger II, became prince of Taranto when his brother William became prince of Capua and Duke of Apulia;
  • 1157 - William II, later king of Sicily;
  • 1189 - King Tancred of Sicily, Count of Lecce;
  • 1194 - William III, king of Sicily (deposed), Count of Lecce;
  • 1266 - King Charles I (1227–1285), defeated Manfred and was created King of Sicily by the pope;
  • 1285 - King Charles II (1248–1309), son of Charles I, king of Naples;
  • 1294 - Philip I (1278–1331), son of Charles II, and titular Latin Emperor;
  • 1331 - Robert of Taranto (1299–1364), son of Philip I;
  • 1346 - Louis of Taranto (1308–1362), son of Philip I, simultaneously king of Naples;
  • 1364 - Philip II (1329–1374), son of Philip I, and titular Latin Emperor;
    • 1356 - Philip III, son of Philip II, died in his youth, the title returned to his father;
  • 1374 - James of Baux, nephew of Philip II, and titular Latin Emperor;

Princesses

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See also

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40°28′N 17°14′E / 40.467°N 17.233°E / 40.467; 17.233