In fluid dynamics, a Cross fluid is a type of generalized Newtonian fluid whose viscosity depends upon shear rate according to the following equation:
where is viscosity as a function of shear rate, , , and n are coefficients.
The zero-shear viscosity is approached at very low shear rates, while the infinite shear viscosity is approached at very high shear rates.[1]
It is named after Malcolm M. Cross who proposed this model in 1965.[2][3]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Cunningham, Neil. "Making Use Of Models: The Cross Model". www.rheologyschool.com. Retrieved 2018-02-28.
- ^ Cross, Malcolm M. (1965-06-01). "Rheology of non-Newtonian fluids: A new flow equation for pseudoplastic systems". Journal of Colloid Science. 20 (5): 417–437. doi:10.1016/0095-8522(65)90022-X. ISSN 0095-8522.
- ^ Galindo-Rosales, F. J.; Rubio-Hernández, F. J.; Sevilla, A.; Ewoldt, R. H. (2011-12-01). "How Dr. Malcom M. Cross may have tackled the development of "An apparent viscosity function for shear thickening fluids"". Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics. 166 (23): 1421–1424. doi:10.1016/j.jnnfm.2011.08.008. ISSN 0377-0257.
- Kennedy, P. K., Flow Analysis of Injection Molds. New York. Hanser. ISBN 1-56990-181-3