Cuesta is a Spanish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
- Alexander Cuesta (born 1966), Colombian musician
- Belén Cuesta (born 1984) Spanish model and actress
- Frank Cuesta (born 1971) Spanish adventurer and television presenter
- Gloria Cuesta (died 1987), Spanish aviator
- Gregorio García de la Cuesta (1741–1811), Spanish general of the Peninsular War
- Íñigo Cuesta (born 1969), Spanish road bicycle racer
- Inma Cuesta (born 1980) Spanish actress
- Ismael Fernández de la Cuesta (born 1940), Spanish musicologist
- Jaime Cuesta (born 1981), Mexican footballer
- Jorge Cuesta (1903–1942), Mexican chemist, writer and editor
- José de la Cuesta (born 1983), Colombian footballer
- María Mercedes Cuesta (born 1973), Ecuadorian journalist and politician
- Mario Fernández Cuesta (born 1988), Spanish footballer
- Michael Cuesta (born 1963), American film and television director
- Nemesio Fernández-Cuesta (1928–2009), Spanish businessman, journalist and politician
- Pablo González Cuesta (born 1968), Spanish writer
- Paul de la Cuesta (born 1988), Spanish alpine skier
- Raimundo Fernández-Cuesta (1897–1992), Spanish politician
- Víctor Cuesta (born 1988), Argentine footballer
- Yamith Cuesta (born 1989), Colombian footballer