Cyanothamnus inflexus is a plant in the citrus family Rutaceae and is endemic to tablelands near the New South Wales - Queensland border in Australia. It is an erect, woody shrub with pinnate leaves and up to seven white to pink four-petalled flowers in the leaf axils. Boronia bipinnata is similar but has larger, bipinnate or tripinnate leaves and smaller sepals and petals.
| Cyanothamnus inflexus | |
|---|---|
| |
| Subspecies inflexus | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Sapindales |
| Family: | Rutaceae |
| Genus: | Cyanothamnus |
| Species: | C. inflexus
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| Binomial name | |
| Cyanothamnus inflexus | |
| |
| Occurrence data from Australasian Virtual Herbarium | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
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Boronia inflexa Duretto | |
Description
editCyanothamnus inflexus is an erect, woody shrub that grows to a height of about 2 m (7 ft) and a width of about 3 m (10 ft). The leaves are pinnate, 6–25 mm (0.2–1 in) long and 6–35 mm (0.2–1 in) wide in outline on a petiole 3–10 mm (0.1–0.4 in) long. The end leaflet is linear, 1–16 mm (0.04–0.6 in) long and 0.5–2.5 mm (0.02–0.1 in) wide, the side leaflets similar or longer. Up to three, sometimes up to seven white to pink flowers are arranged on a stalk 0.5–9 mm (0.020–0.35 in) long. The four sepals are triangular, mostly glabrous, 1.5–3 mm (0.059–0.12 in) long and 1–2 mm (0.039–0.079 in) wide. The four petals are 2.5–7.5 mm (0.098–0.30 in) long, sometimes with a few hairs. The eight stamens are hairy and the stigma is about the same width as the style. Flowering occurs from June to December and the fruit are 3–3.5 mm (0.12–0.14 in) long and 1–2 mm (0.039–0.079 in) wide.[2][3][4]
Taxonomy and naming
editThis species was first formally described in 2003 by Marco F. Duretto who gave it the name Boronia inflexa in the journal Muelleria from a specimen collected in Girraween National Park.[5] In a 2013 paper in the journal Taxon, Marco Duretto and others changed the name to Cyanothamnus inflexus on the basis of cladistic analysis.[6] The specific epithet (inflexus) is a Latin word referring to the edges of the sepals, near their tip.[2]
In the same 2003 paper, Duretto described four new subspecies.[2] The names have subsequently been changed to reflect the change in the genus name:
- Cyanothamnus inflexus Duretto subsp. inflexus (the autonym) has its branches and leaves covered with minute, soft hairs, and petals 2–3.5 mm (0.079–0.14 in) long;
- Cyanothamnus inflexus subsp. montiazureus is glabrous with the end leaflet 3–7 mm (0.12–0.28 in) long and 0.5–1 mm (0.020–0.039 in) wide;[7]
- Cyanothamnus inflexus subsp. grandiflorus has its branches and leaves covered with minute, soft hairs, and petals 6.5–7 mm (0.26–0.28 in) long;[8]
- Cyanothamnus inflexus subsp. torringtonensis is glabrous with the end leaflet 10–16 mm (0.39–0.63 in) long and 1–1.5 mm (0.039–0.059 in) wide.[9]
Distribution and habitat
editCyanothamnus inflexus grows in heath, woodland and forest on granite and in soils derived from granite. Subspecies inflexus occurs between Stanthorpe and the Girraween National Park and disjunctly in the Gibraltar Range National Park and subspecies montiazureus on a small hill near Applethorpe north of Stanthorpe. Subspecies grandiflorus occurs near Amiens and Lyra and subspecies torringtonensis is restricted to the Torrington area in New South Wales.[2][4]
Conservation
editCyanothamnus inflexus subsp. montiazureus (as Boronia inflexa subsp. montiazura is classed as "least concern" under the Queensland Government Nature Conservation Act 1992.[10]
References
edit- ^ a b "Cyanothamnus inflexus". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
- ^ a b c d Duretto, Marco F. (2003). "Notes on Boronia (Rutaceae) in eastern and northern Australia". Muelleria. 17: 40–44. Retrieved 1 September 2023.
- ^ Duretto, Marco F.; Wilson, Paul G.; Ladiges, Pauline Y. "Boronia inflexa". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of the Environment and Energy, Canberra. Retrieved 22 March 2019.
- ^ a b Duretto, Marco F. "Boronia inflexa". Royal Botanic Garden Sydney. Retrieved 22 March 2019.
- ^ "Boronia inflexa". APNI. Retrieved 22 March 2019.
- ^ Duretto, Marco F.; Heslewood, Margaret M.; Bayly, Michael J. (2020). "Boronia (Rutaceae) is polyphyletic: Reinstating Cyanothamnus and the problems associated with inappropriately defined outgroups". Taxon. 69 (3): 481–499. doi:10.1002/tax.12242.
- ^ "Cyanothamnus inflexus subsp. montiazureus". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
- ^ "Cyanothamnus inflexus subsp. grandiflorus". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
- ^ "Cyanothamnus inflexus subsp. torringtonensis". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
- ^ "Boronia inflexa subsp. montiazura". The State of Queensland Department of Environment and Science. Retrieved 22 March 2019.