Captain Daniel Woodriff CB (17 November 1756 – 25 February 1842) was a British Royal Navy officer and navigator in the late-eighteenth and early-nineteenth centuries.[1] He made two voyages to Australia. He was Naval Agent on the convict transport Kitty in 1792 and, in 1803, the captain of HMS Calcutta for David Collins' expedition to found a settlement in Port Phillip.
Daniel Woodriff | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | 17 November 1756 England |
| Died | 25 February 1842 (aged 85) England |
| Allegiance |  United Kingdom |
| Service |  Royal Navy |
| Rank | Captain |
| Commands | HMS Endymion HMS Calcutta |
| Battles / wars | |
| Awards | Companion of the Order of the Bath |
Biography
editWoodriff was commissioned as a lieutenant on 1 April 1783, and received promotion to the rank of commander on 18 September 1795, and to captain on 28 April 1802.[2]
Voyage to Australia
editTowards the end of 1802, Woodriff was appointed to command of the Calcutta, a 50-gun ship armed en flûte, and fitted to transport convicts. They were bound for Port Phillip in the Bass Strait, on the southern extremity of Australia, with the intention of setting up a settlement there under the command of David Collins. Calcutta sailed from Spithead on 28 April 1803, in company with the storeship Ocean, calling at Rio de Janeiro in July, and the Cape of Good Hope in August, arriving at their intended destination in October. Calcutta then sailed alone to Port Jackson to take on a cargo of 800 long tons (810 t) of timber. Whilst in Sydney, Woodriff and the crew of Calcutta assisted in suppressing the Castle Hill convict rebellion. For that service, Woodriff received a 1,000-acre (400 ha) land grant near Penrith, New South Wales in 1804.[3]
Calcutta then sailed back to England via Cape Horn and Rio de Janeiro, arriving at Spithead on 23 July 1804, thereby completing a circumnavigation of the globe in ten months and three days.[4]
Action of 26 September 1805
editThe Calcutta was refitted as a 50-gun ship, and sent to Saint Helena to escort merchant ships back to England. She arrived there on 3 August 1804 and sailed with six merchant ships back to England. Unfortunately, on 26 September, as the convoy approached the entrance to the English Channel, they encountered a powerful French squadron. Woodriff attacked, sacrificing his ship to give the convoy a chance to escape, which all but one did, while the Calcutta was forced to surrender. Woodriff, his officers, and crew were landed at La Rochelle three months later, and marched to Verdun, 600 miles (970 km) away. In June 1807, Woodriff was released in a prisoner exchange, and promptly court-martialled for the loss of his ship. He was honourably acquitted, and his conduct was pronounced to have been that of "a brave, cool, and intrepid officer."[4]
Later career
editIn 1808 Woodriff was appointed agent for prisoners of war at Forton, near Gosport. Towards the end of the war he served as Resident Commissioner at Jamaica. He was admitted into the Royal Hospital, Greenwich, on 9 November 1830, and was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath on 26 September 1831, on the occasion of King William IV's Coronation Honours.[5]
Family
editHe was born on 17 December 1756, the son of John Woodriff of Deptford, Kent.[6]
He married Asia Sumarel (1764–1827); they had three daughters, and three sons: Capt. Daniel James Woodriff[7] RN (1787–1860), Cdr. John Robert Woodriff[8] RN (1790–1868), and Lt. Robert Mathews Woodriff RN (1792–1820).
References
edit- ^ Tilghman, Douglas Campbell (1967). "Woodriff, Daniel (1756–1842)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943.
- ^ O'Byrne, William Richard (1849). . . John Murray – via Wikisource.
- ^ Stacker, Lorraine (2011), "The Woodriff Estate: Landlord and Tenant", 10th History Conference, Penrith City Council & Library, archived from the original on 28 March 2012, retrieved 27 January 2012
- ^ a b Marshall, John (1823). Royal Naval Biography : or Memoirs of the services of all the flag-officers, superannuated rear-admirals, retired-captains, post-captains and commanders, whose names appeared on the Admiralty list of sea officers at the commencement of the year 1760, or who have since been promoted; illustrated by a series of historical and explanatory notes. With copious addenda. Vol. II. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green. Retrieved 7 April 2012.
- ^ "No. 18854". The London Gazette. 27 September 1831. p. 1969.
- ^ Tilghman, Douglas Campbell. "Woodriff, Daniel (1756–1842)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 23 February 2016.
- ^ For more on Daniel James Woodriff see: O'Byrne, William R. (1849). . A Naval Biographical Dictionary. London: John Murray.
- ^ For more on John Robert Woodriff see: O'Byrne, William R. (1849). . A Naval Biographical Dictionary. London: John Murray.
Further reading
edit- Cox, Margaret E. (1993), Captain Daniel Woodriff R.N. C.B. of His Majesty's Ship Calcutta : 1756-1842 : compiled from his own letters, family papers and admiralty records, M. E. Cox, ISBN 978-0-646-15554-8
- Woodriff, Daniel (2002), Cotter, Richard (ed.), Daniel Woodriff Captain of H.M.S. Calcutta and the Sullivan Bay Settlement of 1803-4 : extracts from Daniel Woodriff's journal and from correspondence he received and wrote, 1802–4, Lavender Hill Multimedia, ISBN 978-0-9579676-5-6