Deli River (Indonesian: Sungai Deli) is a river located in Sumatra, Indonesia, and courses through Medan before discharging to the Strait of Malacca near the port city of Belawan.[3] It is one of the eight rivers in Medan. The Deli Sultanate was founded on the delta of the river around 1640,[1] and later around the 19th century, this river acted as an artery of trade for the sultanate to other areas.
| Deli River Soengai Petani | |
|---|---|
 Deli Railway Company bridge over the Deli River near Belawan | |
  Location of river mouth  Deli River (Indonesia) | |
| Native name | Sungai Deli (Indonesian) |
| Location | |
| Country | Indonesia |
| Province | North Sumatera |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Source | Mount Sibayak |
| • location | Sibolangit |
| • elevation | 2,000 m (6,600 ft) |
| Mouth | Strait of Malacca |
• location | Medan Kota Belawan |
• coordinates | 3°46′1″N 98°42′9.8″E / 3.76694°N 98.702722°E |
| Length | 73 km (45 mi)[1] |
| Basin size | 346 km2 (134 sq mi) |
| Width | |
| • average | 5.58 m (18.3 ft) |
| Basin features | |
| River system | Deli basin |
| Population | 1,346,520 (2015)[1][2] |
Hydrology
editThe forest area in the headwaters of the Deli is 3,655 hectares, or 7.59 percent of 48 162 hectares of Deli watershed. With an area of 48 162 hectares, length of 73 kilometers (km), and a width of 5.58 m, Deli watershed should have at least 140 hectares, or 30 percent of the watershed.
Today, the river is heavily polluted. 70 percent of waste in the Deli River are solid or liquid waste, due to waste generated in the densely populated city of Medan (reaching 1,725 tons a day[4]).
Geography
editThe river flows in the northeastern area of Sumatra with predominantly tropical rainforest climate (designated as Af in the Köppen-Geiger climate classification).[5] The annual average temperature in the area is 24 °C. The warmest month is January, when the average temperature is around 26 °C, and the coldest is December, at 22 °C.[6] The average annual rainfall is 2862 mm. The wettest month is October, with an average of 446 mm rainfall, and the driest is June, with 129 mm rainfall.[7]
See also
editNotes
editReferences
edit- ^ a b c Sembiring, Silvia Tabah Hati BR. "Pengelolaan Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Deli" (PDF) (in Indonesian). Medan: University of North Sumatra. Retrieved 8 August 2017.
- ^ "Jumlah Penduduk Menurut Kecamatan dan Jenis Kelamin, 2011–2015". Badan Pusat Statistik Kota Medan (in Indonesian). Statistics Indonesia. Retrieved 8 August 2017.[permanent dead link]
- ^ Sungai Deli – Geonames.org.
- ^ "Timbunan Sampah di Medan 1725 Ton per Hari" (in Indonesian). Lintas Medan. Archived from the original on 8 August 2017. Retrieved 8 August 2017.
- ^ Peel, M C; Finlayson, B L; McMahon, T A (2007). "Updated world map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification". Hydrology and Earth System Sciences. 11: 1633–1644. doi:10.5194/hess-11-1633-2007. Retrieved 30 January 2016.
- ^ "NASA Earth Observations Data Set Index". NASA. 30 January 2016. Archived from the original on 10 May 2020. Retrieved 12 December 2018.
- ^ "NASA Earth Observations: Rainfall (1 month – TRMM)". NASA/Tropical Rainfall Monitoring Mission. 30 January 2016. Archived from the original on 19 April 2019. Retrieved 12 December 2018.