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Demographics of Glasgow

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Glasgow is the most populous city in Scotland and the fourth most populous city in the United Kingdom.

Demographics of Glasgow
Population pyramid of Glasgow
Population593,245 (2011)
Density3,390/km2 (8,780/sq mi).
Population density in the 2011 census in Glasgow.
Industry sectors of Glasgow overtime

Population

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Glasgow's total population, according to the 2011 UK census, was 593,245. The population density was 3,390/km2 (8,780/sq mi).

Ethnicity

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The following table shows the ethnic group of respondents in the previous four censuses in Glasgow alongside two estimates.

A Home Office report officially estimated that the 'coloured' population of Glasgow in 1958 was likely around 3,000 to 5,000, the majority being Asian (2,000 Pakistanis and 2,000 Indians).[1]

Ethnic Group 1971 estimations 1981 estimations[2] 1991 census[3][4] 2001 census[5] 2011 census[6] 2022 census[7]
Number % Number % Number % Number % Number % Number %
White: Total – – 729,092 97.9% 641,336 96.75% 546,359 94.55% 524,561 88.42% 501,029 80.71%
White: Scottish – – – – – – 503,614 87.15% 466,241 78.59% 416,634 67.12%
White: Other British – – – – – – 20,934 3.62% 24,154 4.07% 35,011 5.64%
White: Irish – – – – 10,384 1.56% 11,467 1.98% 11,228 1.89% 11,130 1.79%
White: Gypsy/Traveller[a] – – – – – – – – 407 0.07% 201 0.03%
White: Polish[a] – – – – – – – – 8,406 1.42% 12,183 1.96%
White: Other – – – – – – 10,344 1.79% 14,125 2.38% 25,870 4.17%
Asian, Asian Scottish or Asian British: Total 12,000[8] 1.3% – – 18,242 2.75% 25,636 4.44% 47,758 8.05% 68,793 11.08%
Asian, Asian Scottish or Asian British: Indian – – – – 3,374 0.5% 4,173 0.72% 8,640 1.46% 13,990 2.25%
Asian, Asian Scottish or Asian British: Pakistani – – – – 10,945 1.65% 15,330 2.65% 22,405 3.78% 30,912 4.98%
Asian, Asian Scottish or Asian British: Bangladeshi – – – – 191 – 237 0.04% 458 0.08% 954 0.15%
Asian, Asian Scottish or Asian British: Chinese – – – – 2,780 0.41% 3,876 0.67% 10,689 1.80% 14,300 2.30%
Asian, Asian Scottish or Asian British: Asian Other – – – – 952 0.14% 2,020 0.35% 5,566 0.94% 8,640 1.39%
Black, Black Scottish or Black British[a] – – – – – – 1,792 0.31% – – – –
African: Total – – – – 489 – – – 12,440 2.10% 22,272 3.59%
African: African, African Scottish or African British – – – – 489 – – – 12,298 2.07% 2,798 0.45%
African: Other African – – – – – – – – 142 0.02% 19,474 3.14%
Caribbean or Black: Total – – – – 709 – – – 1,806 0.30% 1,471 0.24%
Caribbean – – – – 220 – – 783 0.13% 335 0.05%
Black – – – – – – – – 820 0.14% 96 0.02%
Caribbean or Black: Other – – – – 489 – – 203 0.03% 1,033 0.17%
Mixed or multiple ethnic groups: Total – – – – – – 2,046 0.35% 2,879 0.49% 10,624 1.71%
Other: Total – – – – 1,840 0.27% 2,036 0.35% 3,801 0.64% 16,571 2.67%
Other: Arab[a] – – – – – – – – 2,631 0.44% 8,671 1.40%
Other: Any other ethnic group – – – – 1,840 0.27% 2,036 0.35% 1,170 0.20% 7,903 1.27%
Non-White: Total – – 15,286 2.1% 21,517 3.25% 31,510 5.45% 68,684 11.58% 119,726 19.29%
Total: – – 744,378 100% 662,853 100% 577,869 100% 593,245 100% 620,756 100%


Distribution of ethnic groups in Glasgow according to the 2011 census.
  •  
    White
  •  
    White-Scottish
  •  
    White-Other British
  •  
    White-Irish
  •  
    White-Polish
  •  
    White-Other
  •  
    Asian
  •  
    Asian-Indian
  •  
    Asian-Pakistani
  •  
    Asian-Bangladeshi
  •  
    Asian-Chinese
  •  
    African
  •  
    Caribbean or Black
  •  
    Other-Arab

Country of Birth

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The proportion of people residing in Glasgow born outside the UK was 19.1% in 2022, compared with 12.2% in 2011 and 5.7% in 2001. Below are the fifteen largest overseas-born groups in Glasgow according to the 2022 census, alongside the two previous censuses.[9]

Country of birth 2022 2011 2001
  Pakistan 12,508 9,319 5,995
  Poland 10,601 7,577 281
  India 10,212 5,789 2,364
  China 7,857 5,513 730
  Nigeria 5,448 2,761 199
  United States 3,964 1,866 1,122
  Ireland 3,643 4,339 5,113
  Italy 3,189 1,028 674
  Iran 2,647 1,136 592
  Spain 2,290 722 367
  Germany 2,262 1,948 1,379
  Hong Kong 2,095 1,430 1,406
  Iraq 2,029 1,191 750
  Romania 1,830 460 43
  France 1,688 1,077 701
Overall – all overseas-born 118,819 72,607 32,690

The country of birth of Glasgow for 1981 is as follows;

  1. ^ Used as main option for when no other options are given, for example in 1971. This group contains all for Canada, Australia and New Zealand
  2. ^ Used as a conglomerate for New Commonwealth for when there are no other options as for example in 1971. This group contains all for remenents of the British Empire after 1945 (if not already indicated).

Languages

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The languages other than English used at home in Glasgow according to the 2011 census are shown below.[11]

Language Usual residents aged 3+ Proportion
English only 496,027 86.62%
Gaelic 2,305 0.40%
Scots 2,826 0.49%
British Sign Language 1,717 0.30%
Polish 7,379 1.29%
Other 62,379 10.89%

Religion

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The following table shows the religion of respondents in the 2001, 2011 and 2022 censuses in Glasgow.

Current religion 2001[5] 2011[12] 2022[13]
Number % Number % Number %
Christianity 374,393 64.79% 322,954 54.44% 240,337 38.72%
–Roman Catholic 168,733 29.20% 161,685 27.25% 128,743 20.74%
–Church of Scotland 182,172 31.52% 136,889 23.07% 82,585 13.30%
–Other Christian 23,488 4.06% 24,380 4.11% 29,009 4.67%
Islam 17,792 3.08% 32,117 5.41% 48,766 7.86%
Hinduism 1,209 0.21% 4,074 0.69% 8,166 1.32%
Buddhism 1,194 0.21% 2,570 0.43% 2,854 0.46%
Sikhism 2,374 0.41% 3,149 0.53% 3,456 0.56%
Judaism 1,083 0.19% 897 0.15% 973 0.16%
Paganism[b] — — — — 2,001 0.32%
Other religion 3,799 0.66% 1,599 0.27% 1,817 0.29%
No religion 131,189 22.70% 183,835 30.99% 268,327 43.23%
Religion not stated 44,836 7.76% 42,050 7.09% 44,076 7.10%
No religion/Not stated total 176,025 30.46% 225,885 38.08% 312,403 50.33%
Total population 577,869 100.00% 593,245 100.00% 620,756 100.00%
Distribution of religions in Glasgow according to the 2011 census.
  •  
    Christianity
  •  
    Church of Scotland
  •  
    Roman Catholic
  •  
    Other Christian
  •  
    Islam
  •  
    Judaism
  •  
    Hinduism
  •  
    Sikhism
  •  
    Buddhism
  •  
    Other religion
  •  
    No religion

National identity

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The 2022 census found that of the 620,756 people residing in Glasgow, 62.3% identified with the Scottish identity only, 11.8% identified with the British identity only and 7.1% identified with both identities. 2.5% identified with other UK identities (including English identity), 12.9% identified with an other identity only and the remaining 0.5% identified with at least one UK identity and an other identity.[14]

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ a b c d New category created for the 2011 census
  2. ^ New category created for the 2022 census

References

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  1. ^ J. A.G. Griffith, Judith Henderson (1960). Coloured Immigrants in Britain. Internet Archive. Oxford University Press. p. 15.
  2. ^ Equality, Commission for Racial (1985). "Ethnic minorities in Britain: statistical information on the pattern of settlement". Commission for Racial Equality: Table 2.2.
  3. ^ As UK Census data post 2001 is unavailable through the ONS website, it has been recommended to use archival census collection websites to obtain data. Data is taken from United Kingdom Casweb Data services of the United Kingdom 1991 Census on Ethnic Data for Scotland. Archived 2022-04-05 at the Wayback Machine (Table 6)
  4. ^ Office of Population Censuses and Surveys; General Register Office for Scotland; Registrar General for Northern Ireland (1997): 1991 Census aggregate data. UK Data Service (Edition: 1997). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5257/census/aggregate-1991-1 This information is licensed under the terms of the Open Government Licence
  5. ^ a b "Briefing Paper 2011 Census – Release 2A – Results for Glasgow City". Glasgow City Council. 17 October 2013. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 22 January 2014.
  6. ^ "Scotland's Census 2011 – Table KS201SC". scotlandscensus.gov.uk. Retrieved 3 November 2015.
  7. ^ "Home". Scotland's Census. Retrieved 2024-05-21.
  8. ^ McEvoy, David (1978-12-01). "The segregation of Asian immigrants in Glasgow: A note". Scottish Geographical Magazine. 94 (3): 180–182. doi:10.1080/00369227808736406. ISSN 0036-9225.
  9. ^ "Table UV204 - Country of birth: Country by Country of Birth by Individuals". National Records of Scotland. Retrieved 24 May 2024. > 'Glasgow City' > 'Ethnic group, national identity, language and religion' > 'Country of birth: UV204'
  10. ^ Taken from Casweb UK Data Service from the 1981 UK wide Census. Table 4 of Country of Birth in Scotland.
  11. ^ "Scotland's Census 2011 – Table DC2119SC". scotlandscensus.gov.uk. Retrieved 3 November 2015.
  12. ^ "Scotland's Census 2011 – Table KS209SCb". scotlandscensus.gov.uk. Retrieved 3 November 2015.
  13. ^ "Scotland's Census 2022 - Ethnic group, national identity, language and religion - Chart data". Scotland's Census. National Records of Scotland. 21 May 2024. Retrieved 21 May 2024. Alternative URL 'Search data by location' > 'Local Authority (CA2019)' > 'Glasgow City' > 'Ethnic group, national identity, language and religion' > 'Religion'
  14. ^ "Scotland's Census 2022 - UV202 - National identity". UK Data Service. Retrieved 6 June 2024.
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