Denmark–Kazakhstan relations refers to the current and historical relations between Denmark and Kazakhstan. Denmark recognized Kazakhstan on December 31, 1991 and diplomatic relations were established on May 6, 1992. Neither country has a resident ambassador. Kazakhstan's ambassador to the United Kingdom is accredited to Denmark.[1][2] Since 2005, the honorary consul of Denmark is Per Karlsen, with the residency in Moscow.[2] Denmark opened a trade mission in Almaty in 2005.[3]
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Political relations
editIn 2000 an important boost to the development of bilateral relations was provided by an official visit to Denmark from President Nursultan Nazarbayev where he met with Queen Margrethe II and with Prime-Minister Poul Nyrup Rasmussen.[2] On 9 June 2010, Kazakhstan's Secretary of State and Foreign Minister Kanat Saudabayev visited Denmark to talk with the Danish Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs Lene Espersen.[4]
Trade
editFrom 1993 to 2003, Denmark invested approximately $1.7 million in the Kazakhstan's economy. Denmark's export to Kazakhstan between 2004 and 2008 rose from 253 million, to 488 million DKK. But in 2009 it decreased to 297 million DKK. Danish import in 2009 was 247 million DKK.[5] Kazakhstan exports mineral products, production of chemical industry, cars, and production of food industry to Denmark.[2]
Cooperation
editIn 2007, FLSmidth signed a contract with about 670 million DKK for the supply of a cement plant in Kokshetau, which is partly owned by the Kazakh company East Energy Company.[6][7] There are a number of Danish companies operating in Kazakhstan, primarily in the fields of energy, pharmaceuticals and manufacturing.[2]
In 1994, an international delegation, including Danes, visited the Aral Sea in Kazakhstan, and in 1995 Aral fishery community leaders visit Denmark and signed a protocol of common aims.[8][9][10][11]
Danish company Maersk Oil owns 60% of shares in the Dunga field and owned a 60% share in the Saigak field (which it sold in 2010). The oil production was 9,000 barrels per day in 2009.[12]
Baltic Beverages Holding bought in 2002, 76% interest in the Kazakh brewery Irbis, and 45 million euros have been invested. 800,000 hectolitres of beer have been produced.[13]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "Embassy of Kazakhstan in United Kingdom". Archived from the original on 20 August 2014. Retrieved 12 February 2011.
- ^ a b c d e "Bilateral relations between Denmark and Kazakhstan". Foreign Ministry of Kazakhstan. Archived from the original on 27 July 2011. Retrieved 12 February 2011.
- ^ "Denmark sets up trade office, Belgium to open embassy in Kazakhstan". Interfax. March 18, 2005. Archived from the original on 2012-10-24. Retrieved 2011-01-22.
- ^ "Commitments to Copenhagen Document Confirmed 20 Years Afterward". Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe. 12 June 2010. Archived from the original on 26 July 2011. Retrieved 12 February 2011.
- ^ "Country facts Kazakhstan". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark (in Danish). Retrieved 28 June 2011.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "Danish mining to Kazakhstan". 3 October 2007 (in Danish). Archived from the original on 19 July 2011. Retrieved 12 February 2011.
- ^ "FLSmidth makes the first modern cement plant in Kazakhstan". FLSmidth (in Danish). 25 January 2007. Archived from the original on 11 July 2011. Retrieved 12 February 2011.
- ^ "The Aral Sea Fishery Project 1995 - 2008". DANIDA. Archived from the original on 7 November 2010. Retrieved 12 February 2011.
- ^ "The Danish / Kazakh Project". Archived from the original on 19 July 2011. Retrieved 12 February 2011.
- ^ "Danish aid helps Kazakh fishermen". Copenhagen Post. 30 November 1999. Retrieved 12 February 2011.[permanent dead link]
- ^ Michael Fergus, Janar Jandosova (2003). Kazakhstan: coming of age. ISBN 1-900988-61-5. Archived from the original on 1 May 2021. Retrieved 26 December 2011.
- ^ "Maersk Oil in Kazakhstan". Maersk Oil. Archived from the original on 22 December 2010. Retrieved 12 February 2011.
- ^ "Beer giant buys interest in Kazakhstan brewery". Copenhagen Post. November 14, 2002. Archived from the original on 2011-08-07. Retrieved 2011-01-07.
External links
edit- "Biogas Education Center in Kazakhstan" (PDF). March 2004. Retrieved 9 March 2011.
- "Danish architects builds library in Kazakhstan". Gazeta.kz. 1 January 2009. Retrieved 9 March 2011.
- WTS ApS (2009). "Kazakhstan-Danish Water Days". Retrieved 9 March 2011.
