Draft:Anuvadi Svara

Tansen

The anuvadi swara (Sanskrit: अनुवादी स्वर meaning: assonant) is the third prominent used swara (a musical note used in Indian classical music). Anuvadi is a swar that is mentioned in Indian musical literary. Anuvadi note often described as being in harmony, typically the third (Twira Gandhara Third Genre or Komala Gandhara Soft Genre) of a note. These notes are known as companion of the army.

Western Influence

As in the ancient Greek Pythagorean system, which influenced Western music, only fourths and fifths (intervals of four or five tones in a Western scale) were considered consonant.

Usage

These are called servants of the raga. For example, in Bhairavi raga, except Ma-Sa which are Vadi-Samvadi respectively, remaining notes of the raga are called Anuvadi. Anuvadi notes are called companion notes. In Raga Yaman, Vadi Ga, Samvadi Ni and the remaining notes - Sa, Re, Tivra-Ma, Pa, Dha are Anuvadi notes. In Raga Khammaj, Ga-Vadi, Ni-Samvadi and the remaining notes - Sa, Re, Ga, Pa and Dha are Anuvadi.

In Indian classical music and phonetics

Anuvadi Swar represents the resonant or echoing effect produced when a sound is repeated or echoed. This phenomenon is a fundamental concept in Indian classical music and phonetics, where it plays a crucial role in enhancing the aesthetic and emotional impact of musical compositions and recitations. In Indian classical music, Anuvadi Swar creates resonance, depth, and texture in raga performances, emphasizing rhythmic cycles and patterns. It evokes emotions through subtle tone variations, regulates tempo and pace, and explores melodic possibilities. In phonetics, Anuvadi Swar preserves ancient pronunciation and intonation in Vedic chanting and Sanskrit recitation, maintaining phonetic accuracy and amplifying spiritual energy in mantra japa. Techniques such as gamaka, kan, and sparsha are employed to produce Anuvadi Swar effects. Instruments like the Tanpura, Veena, and Flute utilize echoing sounds to create resonance.

Types of Anuvadi Swar

1. Direct Anuvadi (प्रत्यक्ष अनुवादी): Immediate echo 2. Indirect Anuvadi (परोक्ष अनुवादी): Delayed echo

Significance

- Enhances musical harmony and rhythm - Creates depth and texture in sound - Important in mantra recitation and chanting

Application

- Indian classical music (Hindustani, Carnatic) - Sanskrit chanting and mantra recitation - Poetry and storytelling

Anuvadi Swar's role

- Adds emotional depth to music and speech - Conveys subtle meanings and emotions - Connects listener with the sound