Draft:Citadel of Europe

Rumeli Hisarı (Citadel of Europe)

Rumeli Hisarı, also known as the Citadel of Europe, is a historic fortress located in Istanbul, Turkey, on the European side of the Bosporus. It was constructed in 1452 by Sultan Mehmed II as part of his strategy to conquer Constantinople. The fortress was built on the site of a former Byzantine state oubliette and was constructed using materials from demolished Christian churches and buildings.

Construction: The construction of the fortress was a massive undertaking, involving over 2,000 Greek laborers working as masons and lime-burners. Sultan Mehmed II personally supervised the project, assigning each mason to build two feet of the walls. The design of the walls was unique, as they represented four Arabic letters forming the Sultan's name.

Purpose and Strategic Importance: Rumeli Hisarı's primary purpose was to control the Bosporus Strait and enforce toll collection from passing ships. Mehmed II’s strict enforcement of this power allowed him to command the straits and prepare for the eventual siege of Constantinople. When the Greek Emperor protested against the fortress' construction, Mehmed II responded by threatening harsh punishment for further diplomatic protests.

Role After the Fall of Constantinople: After the Ottoman conquest of Constantinople in 1453, Rumeli Hisarı served as a prison for Christian captives, including the Knights of Malta. Its strategic location also marks the historic crossing point of Darius the Great's army and the Crusaders into Europe and Asia.

Cultural and Historical Significance: Rumeli Hisarı remains an iconic symbol of Mehmed II’s military genius and the Ottoman Empire's dominance. The fortress has been well-preserved and is now a popular tourist attraction, offering stunning views of the Bosporus and the surrounding landscape.