Draft:List of Jewish terms & concepts (universal)

This is a list of Jewish terms & concepts as it pertains to most Jewish denominations. For a list of terms specific to Orthodox Judaism, see: List of Jewish terms & concepts (Orthodox).

List

Term	BH transliteration approximation	Description	Hebrew script
achdut/achdus	aḥduth/aḥḓuth/aḥḓuṱ	unity	אַחְדוּת
Adonai/Adonay	Ăḓonây/Ăḓonâi/Ăḓonâj	My Lord (meaning: God)	אֲדֹנָי\אֲדוֹנָי
Afikoman/afikoman	Aphiqōmân/Ăphiqōmân/Ăphiqimon	piece of matzah  that is broken and set aside during the seder  meal, often to be hidden by children and then found later in the evening as part of a traditional game	אַפִיקוֹמָן\אֲפִיקוֹמָן\אֲפִיקִימוֹן
agunah
Ahavas/Ahavat Yisrael	Áhăḇath/Aháḇath Yiśrâʾēl	(lit. love of Israel) love of Jews	אַהֲבַת יִשְׂרָאֵל
Akedah/Akeidah	ʿĂqēdâh | ʿĂqēḓâh	"the 'Akedah'" (lit. 'the binding') is a pivotal event described in the Torah where the patriarch Isaac is bound to an altar on Mount Moriah (by his father Abraham), and almost sacrificed (to God)	עֲקֵידָה
Akeret Habayit/akeres habayis
Al Chet/Al-Chet/Al Cheit
Aleph-beth/Aleph-beis	Âleph-bēth/Âleph-bēṱ	the Hebrew alphabet	אָלֶף־בֵּית
aliyah (pl. aliyot/s)	ʿăliẏâh	the honor of being called up to recite a blessing over the Torah scroll before a portion of the Torah is read aloud in the synagogue	עֲלִיָּה
aliyah²	ʿăliẏâh	(lit. ascension) term used to describe the act of Jews "going up" to Israel (meaning: emigrating to Israel as part of their birthright)	עֲלִיָּה
alman ("alm'n") (pl. almanim)	almân	widower	אַלְמָן\אַלְמָנִים
almanah (pl. almanot/almanos)	almânâh	widow	אַלְמָנָה\אַלְמָנוֹת
alot hashahar/alos hashachar	ʿăloth haṧâḥar/haṧaḥar	(lit.) rising of the dawn	עֲלוֹת הַשָּׁחַר\עֲלֹות הַשַּׁחַר
Am Yisrael	ʿAm Yiśrâʾēl	lit. nation/people of Israel (meaning: the Jewish people)	עַם יִשְׂרָאֵל
Amen	Âmēn	'Amen.'; let it be so	אָמֵן
Amidah	ʿĂmidâh | ʿĂmiḓâh	central prayer recited standing up in Jewish daily services; synonym: Shmonei Esreh	עֲמִידָה
amud ("aw-m'd")	ʿaṁuḓ | ʿaṁud	prayer stand (or lectern) from which the 'baal tefillah' (prayer leader) leads the congregation in prayer	עַמּוּד
Ananei Hakavod
anavah/anava ("anaveh")	ʿănâw̠âh | ʿanw̠etânuth|ʿanw̠ethânuth|ʿanw̠eṱânuth	humility	עֲנָוָה\עַנְוְתָנוּת
ani (pl. aniim/aniyim/aniïm)		1. I  2. (a.s.s. 'oni') poor person
apikorus/apikores (yesh: "apikoires") (pl. apikorsim)	epiqoros/epiqōrus/epiqōres	blasphemer, apostate	\(modern) אַפִּיקוֹרוּס‎​אֶפִּיקוֹרוֹס\אֶפִּיקוֹרוּס\אֶפִּיקוֹרֶס
aravot/aravos	ʿărâḇōth | ʿărēḇōth | ʿărâḇōṱ	willow branches; 1 of the Arba'ah Minim	עֲרָבוֹת
arayos	ʿărâyōth | ʿărâyōṱ	prohibited sexual relationships within Jewish law, including incest, adultery, and forbidden unions	עֲרָיוֹת
Arba'ah Minim (o.p.a. "arba minim")	Arbâʾâh minim/​Arbaʾath haṁinim	the four (plant) species (lulav, etrog, hadassim, aravot) used together in Sukkot rituals symbolizing unity and diversity in Jewish tradition	אַרְבָּעָה מִינִים\אַרְבַּעַת הַמִּינִים
arbah kanfot/arbah kanfos ha'aretz	arbaʿh kanphoth hâʾâreṣ	lit.: '(the) four corners of the earth' ● 'me'arbah kanfos ha'aretz': from all around the world	אַרְבַּע כַּנְפוֹת הָאָרֶץ
arevut/s | areivus/t	ʿărēḇuth | ʿărēḇuṱ	1. togetherness, feeling of solidarity; being united in purpose and responsibility; compare: arvus  2. the act of co-signing or guaranteeing a loan, or providing a pledge or surety for someone else; guarantorship	עֲרֵבוּת
aron (pl. aronim)	âron	1. (Aron) Aron Hakodesh  2. ark, chest	אָרוֹן
Aron HaKodesh/Aron Kodesh/Aron Qodesh	Ăron HaQōḓesh / (Âron/)Ăron Qōdesh	ark/cabinet in a synagogue that houses the Torah scrolls; synonym: 'Hekhal'	אֲרוֹן הַקֹּדֶשׁ\אֲרוֹן קֹּדֶשׁ (אָרוֹן קֹּדֶשׁ?)
arvit/arvis	ʿarḇith | ʿarḇiṱ	evening prayers; synonym: ma'ariv	עַרְבִית
Asarah b'Teves/Beteves	ʿĂśârâh Beṭēḇēth	10ᵗʰ of Teves; fast day commemorating the siege of Jerusalem by the Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar II, which ultimately led to the destruction of the First Temple	עֲשָׂרָה בְּטֵבֵת
Aseres/Aseret Yemei Teshuvah	ʿĂśereth Yemē Ṱeshuḇâh/​ʿĂśereth Yemē Teshuḇâh	(lit. 'Ten days of repentance') ten days between Rosh Hashanah (the Jewish new year) and Yom Kippur (Day of Atonement), which are considered a time for reflection, repentance, and seeking forgiveness from God	עֲשֶׂרֶת יְמֵי תְּשׁוּבָה
Aseret Hadibrot/Aseres Hadibros	ʿĂśereth Haḋibroth/Haḋibroṱ	the Ten Commandments	עֲשֶׂרֶת הַדִּבְּרוֹת
Ashkenazi (pl. Ashkenazim)	Ashkenaẓ̇i	(noun) Jewish person belonging to the Jewish ethnic and/or cultural group originating in Central and Eastern Europe; also see Ashkenaz	אַשְׁכְּנַזִּי
Ashkenazi² (also spelled: ashkenazi)	Ashkenaẓ̇i	(adj.) related to Ashkenazic Jews or Ashkenazi culture	אַשְׁכְּנַזִּי
asiyah/asiya/assiah	ʿăśiyâh	(lit. (the) act, (the) doing/making) 1. the act of doing something, generally with religious implications  2. (Asiyah) in Jewish mysticism, particularly in Kabbalah: one of the four worlds or realms of existence	עֲשִׂיָּה
asur/assur	âssur/âsur	forbidden, prohibited	אָסוּר
Atzeret/Atseres	ʿĂṣereth | ʿĂṣereṱ	(lit. assembly, gathering or pause) generally speaking, "Atzeret" refers to the eighth day of Sukkoth; it can also refer to the holiday of Shavuoth	עֲצֶרֶת
Atzilut/atzilus	ʿĂṣiluth | ʿĂṣiluṱ	1. (lit. closeness, communion or nobleness) emanation  2. (Kabbalah) (Atzilus) Olam Haʾatziluth ('World of Emanation'): the highest of the four spiritual worlds/realms of existence	אֲצִילוּת
atzmut/atzmus	ʿaṣmuth | ʿaṣmuṱ	someone or something's essence	עַצְמוּת
Av haRachamim	Aḇ hâRăḥamim	Father of Mercy/Compassion (meaning God)	אָב הָרַחֲמִים
averah/aveirah (pl. averot/aveiros)	ʿăḇērâh	(a) sin	עֲבֵרָה
avelut/s | aveilus/t	ăḇēluth/ăḇēluṱ	period of mourning observed by Jews following the death of a close relative	אֲבֵלוּת
Avnet	Aḇnēṭ	Priestly sash or girdle; one of the 4 Bigdei Kehuna  that the Aaronite Priests wore during Temple services	אַבְנֵט
Avodah Zarah	ʿĂḇodâh | ʿĂḇoḓâh Ẓârâh	idol worship	עֲבוֹדָה זָרָה
Avodas/Avodat Hashem	ʿĂḇodath Haṧēm	servitude to God	עֲבוֹדַת ה׳ (הַשֵּׁם)
Avot/Avos	Âḇoth/Âḇoṱ	(lit. fathers) 1. The Patriarchs  2. Pirkei Avos  (Tractate of the Mishnah, a.k.a. 'Ethics of the Fathers')	אָבוֹת
Ayin Hora ("aynehora")	ʿAyin hârấʿ/hâráʿ	(the) Evil eye	עַיִן הָרָע\עַיִן הָרַע
Azazel	ʿĂẓâʾẓēl	1. sacrificial goat, symbolically carrying the sins of the people, which was thrown of a cliff on Yom Kippur (origin of the word 'scapegoat')  2. name of a fallen angel in the Book of Enoch	עֲזָאזֵל
b'al peh	bʿal peh	(lit. 'by mouth') by heart	בְּעַל פֶּה
b'di'eved/bedi'eved	bediʿăḇaḓ/beḓiʿăḇaḓ/b'ḏiʿăḇaḓ	situation where an action was not performed ideally or according to the preferred or optimal method, but is nonetheless acceptable or valid after the fact; compare: lekhatkhila	בְּדִיעֲבַד
b'Ezras/b'Ezrat Hashem	beʿeẓrath Haṧēm	with the help of God	("‎הַשֵּׁם") בְּעֶזְרַת ה׳
b'heseivah	behesēḇâh	(on Passover) in a reclining position	בְּהֶסֵבָה
b'kitzur/bekitzur	beqiṣur/b'qiṣur	in short	בְּקִיצוּר
b'li/beli ayin hora ("beli ayn'hora")	beli ʿayin hârấʿ/hâráʿ	without the Evil Eye	בְּלִי עַיִן הָרָע\הָרַע
b'li neder/nedder ("bli neyder")	b'li nedder/neḏer/neḓer	without a vow (i.e. without promising)	בְּלִי נֶדֶר
B'nei Anusim	―	lit.: "Children of the forced ones"; Jews or descendents of Jews who were forcibly converted to Christianity during the Spanish inquisition; also known as "Crypto-Jews" or "Marranos"	בְּנֵי אֲנוּסִים
b'nei/bnei/benei	b'nē/benē	1. (lit.) sons of  2. people of	בְּנֵי
b'shem/b'sheim	beshēm	in the name (of)	בְּשֵׁם
b'shem Hashem	beshēm Haṧēm	in the name of God	בְּשֵׁם ה׳ (בְּשֵׁם הַשֵּם)
ba'al/baal (pl. ba'alim)		lit. 'master'; 1. owner or person in charge  2. husband  3. (in conjuctions) baal *: having ownership, mastery, the appointment over sth, or having sth as an occupation	בַּעַל \ בְּעָלִים
ba'alat/baalas (f)		lit. 'mistress of'; (in conjuctions) ba'alat *: having ownership, mastery, the appointment over sth, or having sth as an occupation	בַּעֲלַת \ בַּעֲלוֹת
ba'al habayit/baal habayis		lit. (male) 'master of the house'; owner of the house	בַּעַל־הַבַּיִת
ba'alat habayit/baalas habayis		lit. (female) 'master of the house'; owner of the house	בַּעֲלַת הַבַּיִת
Ba'al Kore | ba'al/baal koreh	baʿal qōrē (ba'al qeriʾâh)	person tasked with reading the Torah portion aloud during synagogue services, typically on Shabbat  and holidays	(בַּעַל קְרִיאָה :original) בַּעַל קוֹרֵא
baal ga'avah/gaavah ("gaaveh", "gaiveh")	baʿal ġaʾăw̠âh	haughty person	בַּעַל גַּאֲוָה
baal mofes/moifes	baʿal mōphēth	miracle worker	בַּעַל מוֹפֵת
Baal Simchah	Baʿal śimḥâh
Baal Tefillah	Baʿal Tephillâh/Tefillâh	person leading the prayer during communal prayer services	בַּעַל תְּפִלָּה
Baal Teshuvah	Baʿal Teshuḇâh/Ṱeshuḇâh	person that was previously less observant that has since embraced religious observance and returned to a more traditional or observant lifestyle	בַּעַל תְּשׁוּבָה
Ba'alat/Baalas Teshuvah	Baʿalath Teshuḇâh/Ṱeshuḇâh	woman that was previously less observant that has since embraced religious observance and returned to a more traditional or observant lifestyle	בַּעֲלַת תְּשׁוּבָה
Baal tokeya (pl. Baalei tokeya)
bachor/bechor/bakhor/bekhor	bekhor	firstborn; eldest	בְּכוֹר
bachur/bochur/baḥur (pl. bachurim)	bâḥur	1. young man (approx. 14 y. and older)  2. bachelor (male)	בָּחוּר
Bal Tashḥit/Bal Tashchis	Bal Tashḥith/Tashḥiṱ	Hebrew phrase meaning: "do not destroy" or "do not waste"; principle found in the Torah promoting conservation and avoiding needless destruction	בַּל תַּשְׁחִית
balaboosta/balabusta	―	(yiddish) homemaker; woman that runs a household with efficiency and skill	בּאַלעַבּאָסטעֶ
balagan
Bamidbar		Book of Numbers
Bar Mitzvah	bar miṣw̠âh	coming-of-age ceremony and the status attained by a Jewish boy at the age of 13	בַּר מִצְוָה
Barukh Dayan (Ha)Emet/Baruch Dayan (Ha)Emes	Bârukh Ḋaẏân hâʾEmeth Bârukh Ḍ̇aẏan hâʾEmeth/​Emeṱ	"Blessed is the Judge of Truth."; expression typically said upon hearing news of someone's passing (as a gesture of condolence)	בָּרוּךְ דַּיָּן הָאֱמֶת\בָּרוּךְ דַּיַּן הָאֱמֶת
Barukh/Baruch Hashem	Bârukh Haṧēm	Blessed is The Name (meaning: God).	בָּרוּךְ ה׳ (הַשֵּׁם)
Bas/Bat Mitzvah	Bath miṣw̠âh	coming of age ceremony for Jewish girls when turning 12	בַּת מִצְוָה
basar b'chalav/b'halav
bechirah/behirah	beḥirâh	free will	בְּחִירָה
Bedek Habayit/Bedek Habayis	Bedeq/Beḏeq Habâyith/​Beḓeq Habâyiṱ	1. (biblical) everything related to the upkeep of the Mishkan  or the Temple  2. everything related to the upkeep of a synagogue	בֶּדֶק הַבָּיִת
bederech/b'derekh/b'derech klal	b'ḓerekh klâl	(lit. in the way of rule) in general	בְּדֶרֶךְ כְּלָל
Bedikas/Bedikat Chametz	Beḏiqath/Beḓiqath Ḥâmēṣ	lit.: inspection of chametz (meaning: checking/searching for chametz)	בְּדִיקַת חָמֵץ
behemah/beheimah (pl. behemot/s)	behēmâh	1. livestock animal  2. (humorous or derogatory) idiot	בְּהֵמָה
bein adam l'chavero/havero/chaveiro	bēn âḓâm l'ḥăḇēro	between man and his fellow	בֵּין אָדָם לְחֲבֵרוֹ
bein adam l'Makom	bēn âdâm l'Mâqom/​bēn âḓâm leMâqom	(lit. between man and the place) between man and The Omnipresent (meaning: God)	בֵּין אָדָם לְמָקוֹם
Beth/Beis Din (pl. batei din)	Bēth Ḋin	(lit. 'house of law/justice') Jewish (religious) court	בֵּית דִּין
Beth/Beis Hamidrash (pl. batei (ha)midrash)	Bēth Haṁiḏrâsh (Haṁiḓrâsh)	synanogue established with a focus on facilitating Torah study	בֵּית הַמִּדְרָשׁ \ בָּתֵי הַמִּדְרָשׁ
Beis Din Shel Ma'alah	Bēth Ḋin Shel Maʿəlâh (Maʿlâh)	the Heavenly Court, Divine Tribunal	בֵּית דִּין שֶׁל מַעְלָה
bemetziut/s | b'metzius/t	bemeṣiuth/bemeṣiuṱ	1. in real life, in the real world  2. (lit.) in existence	בְּמֶצִיאוּת
Ben Sorer uMoreh	Ben Sōrēr uMōrẹh	lit.: wayward and rebellious son; refers to a specific legal concept in the Torah (Deuteronomy 21:18‑21)	בֵּן סוֹרֵר וּמוֹרֶה
benoni/beinoni (pl. benonim)	bēnoni	(lit. the (one) in between) person that is neither a rasha  nor a tzaddik  but average	בֵּינוֹנִי
bentsch/bentsching/bentshing	―	(Yinglish) (lit.: praising) reciting (one of) the designated blessing(s) after eating a meal or snack  2. (noun) the (act of) bentsching  (usually Birkat Hamazon); from the Yiddish word 'bentschen/bentshn' (בּעֶנטשֶׁן)	―
bentsher/bentscher	―	(Yiddish) prayerbook(let) containing the blessings for bentsching	בּעֶנטשֶער
beracha/berakha/bracha (pl. brachot/s)	berâkhâh	(a) blessing	בְּרָכָה
berairah/bereirah/bererah/breirah (pl. breirot/s)	berērâh	option ● b'ein breirah: with no (other) option	בְּרִירָה
Bereshit/Bereishis		Book of Genesis
besamim	beśâmim	(lit. spices) aromatic spices (usually cloves) used in the Havdalah  ceremony, which marks the end of Shabbat	בְּשָׂמִים
besari		(hebrew) having the halachik status of meat products, either as a result of coming into contact, being mixed with, or simply being, meat; syn.: 'fleishig' (yiddish)
beshaas hadchak/bishe'at had'chak	bisheʿáth haḓ'ḥâq/​had'ḥaq	'in times of emergency/crisis'; used when one has to make decisions or take actions that are less than desirable/less than ideal because of challenging or critical circumstances	בִּשְעַת הַדְחָק\הַדְּחַק
besorot tovot/besoros tovos			בְּשׂוֹרוֹת טוֹבוֹת
Beth Haknesset/Beis Haknesses	Bēth Hakneseth/Haknesseṱ	synagogue (primarily) designated for prayer-services	בֵּית הַכְּנֶסֶת
Beth Hamikdash/Beis Hamikdash	Bēth Haṁiqdâsh	(lit. House of Sanctum) the Holy Temple; Beth Hamikdash Harishon/Hasheini: the First/Second Temple	בֵּית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ
Bigdei Kehuna	Biǧdē Kehuṅâh	special clothes worn by the priests (Kohanim) in the Temple	בִּגְדֵי כְּהֻנָּה
Bikkur/Bikur Cholim/Holim	Biqur (Biqqur) Ḥolim	'visiting the sick', a mitzvah  from the Torah	בִּיקוּר חוֹלִים
Bikkurim	Bikurim/Bikkurim	1. agricultural offering of the first fruits of the harvest, which were brought to the temple in Jerusalem as an expression of gratitude to God in ancient times  2. Tractate of the Mishna decribing the laws around this ritual	בִּכּוּרִים
bilbul (pl. bilbulim)(pl. yid. bilb'lech)	bilbul	(lit. confusion, obfuscation) (blood) libel	בִּלְבּוּל\בִּלְבּוּלִים (yiddish: בִּילבּל\בִּילבּלעֶך)
binah	binâh	1. comprehension, understanding  2. [Binah] one of the 10 Sefirot  (emanations of God) in kabbalistic tradition representing intellectual insight and discernment	בִּינָה
birchon
Birkas/Birkat Hamazon	Birkath HaṀâẓon	blessing recited after consuming a meal with bread	בִּרְכַּת הַמָּזוֹן
Birkat Kohanim/Birkas Kohanim		syn.: Nesiyat Kapayim
bitachon	biṭ̇âchon	trust (in a higher power); compare: Emunah	בִּטָּחוֹן
blech	―	(Yiddish) (historically) a metal sheet or cover placed over a stovetop on the Sabbath to allow the cooking or warming of food without directly using fire or electricity; nowadays, most people use a hotplate instead (which in Yiddish, technically speaking, is called a 'platte' (פּלאַטע)) but still call it a 'blech'	בּלעֶך
Boreich/Borech/Borekh	Bōrēkh	(lit.) bless(es) (root of מְבָרֵךְ (meaning: (singular) bless/blesses)); 1 of the 14/15 Simanim of Passover	בָּרֵךְ
Bracha Achronah/Berakha Ahrona	Berâkhâh Aḥăronâh	lit. last blessing; one of the designated blessings for after a meal or snack	בְּרָכָה אַחֲרוֹנָה
Briat Ha'olam/Brias HaOlam	beriʾath/briʾath hâʿolâm	creation of the world	בְּרִיאַת הָעוֹלָם
brit/bris (pl. brisos/britot)	brith	(pl. technically 'britot/brisos' but 'britim/brissim' is more common despite it being incorrect) 1. covenant  2. (Bris) short for Bris Milah  ('Covenant of Circumcision')	בְּרִית \ בְּרִיתוֹת
Bris Milah	Brith Milâh	(Covenant of) circumcision	בְּרִית מִילָה
Chabad/chabad (a.s.s.: Chabbad)	―	major chasidic movement known for its outreach efforts and educational activities; acronym of Chochmah, Binah, va'Da'at (חָכְמָה, בִּינָה, וָדַּעַת); also known as Lubavitch (based on the location it originated from)	חַבַּ"ד
chacham/ḥakham	ḥâkhâm	wise person	חָכָם
Chad Gadya
Chag sameach/Hag same'ah
chai/hai	ḥai/ḥây/ḥâi	lives (singular form of 'to live') ● Am Yisrael chai: the people of Israel live	חַי\חָי
Chalakah/chalakah
chalavi/halavi	ḥălaḇi	(hebrew) having the halachik status of dairy, either as a result of coming into contact, being mixed with, or simply being, dairy; syn.: 'milchig' (yiddish)	חֲלָבִי
challah/hallah	ḥal̇âh	type of braided bread eaten on Shabbat  and holidays in Jewish households	חַלָּה
chameshet mine dagan/chameishes minei dagan
chametz/hametz	ḥâmēṣ	leavened food, prohibited from being eaten (or even owned (according to Orthodox Judaism)) on Passover	חָמֵץ
Chanukkah/Hanukkah
charatah	ḥarâṭâh	regret	חֲרָטָה
Chareidi/chareidi/Haredi/haredi	―	(Hebrew)(adj.) 1. Orthodox Jewish (with the exception of (certain) Modern Orthodox (groups) (known in Israel as 'dati le'umi'))  2. (noun)(pl. chareidim) Orthodox Jewish person (except for (certain groupings within the) Modern Orthodox (community))	חֲרֵדִי
has/chas v'shalom	ḥâs w̠eshâlom	(lit. mercy and peace) God forbid	חָס וְשָׁלוֹם
chashuv/hashuv	ḥâshuḇ	● (yiddish) a chashuve/choshuve yid: a respectable Jew	חָשׁוּב
chassid/hassid (pl. chassidim (hebrew)/chassids (eng))	ḥâsiḏ/ḥâsiḓ	1. person that does chessed  (kindness)  2. pious person or devout/loyal person (to a creed, religion etc.) ● chassid shoteh (חָסִיד שׁוֹטֶה) (lit. foolish chassid); person that is loyal to a creed or person unquestionably (or uncritically)  3. hasidic person	חָסִיד
chatan/hatan/chassan (pl. chattanim/chassanim)	ḥâtân/ḥâthân/ḥâṱân	groom	חָתָן \ חֲתָנִים
chatunah/hatunah/chasunah/chassunah/chassune	ḥătunâh/ḥăthunâh/ḥăṱunâh	wedding	חתונה\חֲתֻנָּה
chatzos/hatzot	ḥăṣoth	(lit. midpoint) hatzot yom: noon; hatzot lailah: midnight	חֲצוֹת
chayus/chayut
Chazarat haShatz/chazaras hashatz	Ḥăẓârath haShaṣ	abbreviated form of Chazarat HaShaliach Tzibbur (חַזָּרַת הַשַּׁלִּיחַ צִבּוּר); repetition of the Amidah by the Shaliach Tzibbur	חֲזָרַת הַשַ"ץ
Chazeret/Chazeres/Hazeret(h)	Ḥăẓereth	Romaine lettuce	חֲזֶרֶת
chazir ("chazer")	ḥăẓir	pig, swine	חֲזִיר
chazzan/hazzan (pl. hazzanim)	ḥaẓ̇ân	cantor	חַזָּן
cheder (pl. chadarim)	ḥeder/ḥedder / ḥădârim/ḥăḓârim	(lit. room) school (usually a Hasidic Jewish religious school)	חֶדֶר \ חֲדָרִים
cheder rishon/sheini/shlishi/revii	ḥeder riʾshon/shēni/shelishi/reviʿi		חֶדֶר רִאשׁוֹן\שֵׁנִי\שְׁלִישִׁי\רְבִיעִי
Cheirem Derabbeinu Gershom (Gershon)
Cherus/cherut | cheirus	ḥēruth	freedom	חֵרוּת
chesed/chessed (pl. chasadim)	Ḥesed/ḥeseḓ	1. compassion, kindness  2. short for 'maasei chesed'  (מַעֲשֵׂי חֶסֶד )(lit. 'works of kindness'); acts of kindness  3. community service  4. Chessed: one of the 10 Sefirot  (emanations of God) in kabbalistic tradition representing love and benevolence	חֶסֶד\חֲסָדִים
cheshbon (pl. cheshbonos/t)	ḥeshbon		חֶשְׁבּוֹן
cheshbon hanefesh	ḥeshbon haṅephesh		חֶשְׁבּוֹן הַנֶּפֶשׁ
chet/cheit (pl. chato'im/chatoïm)
chevra
Chevra Kadisha
chiddush/chidush	ḥiḋush/ḥiḓ̇ush		חִדּוּשׁ
chiloni/hiloni (pl. chilonim/hilonim)
Chillul Hashem
chiluk/chilluk (pl. chilukim)		difference
chilukei deyot/chilukei deyos
chinuch
chizuk/chizzuk		● Divrei Chizuk: words of encouragement
chochmah	ḥâkmâh	1. wisdom  2. [Chochmah] one of the 10 Sefirot  (emanations of God) in kabbalistic tradition representing wisdom and intuition  3. (noun, count.) something that requires a decent amount of intellect to be able to do ● nit/nisht ke'n chochmah: not (as) (intellectually) impressive/difficult (as you're making it out to be)	חָכְמָה
chok (pl. chukim)	ḥoq / ḥuq̇im	statute; commandment whose rationale is not always immediately apparent or understood, distinguishing from "mishpat" (מִשְׁפָּט), which refers to laws with a clear and understandable reason	חוֹק
Chol Hamoed/Hamo'ed (yeshivish: "chalemoid")	Ḥōl HaṀōʿēḓ/HaṀōʿēd		חוֹל הַמּוֹעֵד
Choshen Mishpat/Mishpot | Hoshen Mishpat	Ḥoshẹn / Ḥoshẹn (ha)Mishpât	the Choshen Mishpat (often abbreviated to 'Choshen') (lit.: Breastplate of Justice) is the Biblical term for the Priestly Breastplate; one of the 8 Bigdei Kehuna  that the High Priest wore during Temple services	חֹשֶׁן\חֹשֶׁן הַמִשְׁפָּט\חֹשֶׁן מִשְׁפָּט
chov	ḥoḇ	debt	חוֹב
chozer bitshuvah/biteshuvah
chumash/Humash (pl. chumashim)	ḥuṁâsh	1. a 'Torah' in book form  2. (any) one of the five books of the Torah (in book form)	חֻמָּשׁ
chuppah (pl. chuppot/s)
churban/Churban (a.p.: chorbn)		1. destruction; remains of a settlement after is has been destroyed  2. 'The Churban', refers to: Churban Beth Hamikdash: the Destruction of the Holy Temple ● Zecher l'Churban: in memory of the Churban	חֻרְבָּן
Chutz la'Aretz/chutz la'aretz	ḥuṣ lâʾâreṣ	(lit. 'out to the land') outside Israel	חוּץ לָאָרֶץ
chutz lamachane		(lit. 'out of the encampment')(humorous) isolated from the group
Chutznik/chutznik (pl. chutznikim)
chutzpah/hutzpah		audacity
chutzpinyak/chutzp'nyak
d'Oraisah/d'oraisah		"mi'd'oraisah"
d'Rabbanan/d'rabbanan		"mi'd'rabbanan"
da'at/daas	ḋaʿath/ḋaʿaṱ	1. knowledge, informedness  2. Da'at: in Kabbalah, the location where all ten Sefirot in the Tree of Life are united as one, often considered a bridge between the divine and human consciousness	דָּעַת
dagesh			דָּגֵשׁ \ דְּגָשִׁים
dalet amos
dam milah
dan l'kaf z'chut/zechus/zchus
darom		south
dati le'umi/dati leumi
daven/davening (v)		(yiddish/yinglish) to 'daven' = to pray
davening (n)		(yinglish) prayer
Dayenu/Daiyenu
de'ot/de'os		opinions, perspectives
Deracheha Darchei Noam	Ḋerâkhehâh darkhē noʿâm (w̠'khâl nethiḇotehâ shâlom)	"Deracheha Darchei Noam v'chol nesivoseho shalom" (דְּרָכֶיהָ דַרְכֵי נֹעַם וְכׇל נְתִיבוֹתֶיהָ שָׁלוֹם):	דְּרָכֶיהָ דַרְכֵי נֹעַם
derekh/derech eretz		(lit. ways of the land) manners	דֶּרֶךְ אֶרֶץ
Derech eretz kadma l'Torah/laTorah		(dictum) manners take precedence over the Torah	דֶּרֶךְ אֶרֶץ קָדְמָה לַתּוֹרָה
derech hayashar
Devarim
dikduk
dimyon
dimyonot/dimyonos
din (pl. dinim)	ḋin / ḋinim		דִּין \ דִּינִים
din v'cheshbon
dina d'malchusa dina			דִּינָא דְמַלְכוּתָא דִּינָא (דִּינָא דְּמַלְכוּתָא דִּינָא)
Dor Haflagah
drashah/drasha		speech (often referring to a religious sermon)
dreidel		Jewish version of a spinning top; used on chanukkah
duchenen/dukhenen/duchn'n/dukhn'n	―	(Yiddish) 'The Duchenen'; the ritual of Birkat Kohanim ; from the Hebrew 'דּוּכָנָן' (duchanan) meaning: (the) stands	דוּכֶנ'עֶן\דוּכֶנעֶן
duchen/duchening	―	'to duchen': perform the ritual of Birkat Kohanim	דוּכֶנעִנג
Dvar/dvar Torah (pl. divrei Torah)
dybbuk (pl. dybbukim)	ḋibuq/ḋibbuq (diḇuq?)	malevolent spirit, generally the type that possesses humans	דִּיבּוּק\דִּבּוּק
efsher
Eglah Arufah	Eǧlâh Ăruphâh	(lit. "broken-necked calf", "decapitated heifer") ritual described in the Hebrew Bible (Deuteronomy 21:1‑9) pertaining to a person found murdered in the wild and where the perpetrator is unknown	עֶגְלָה עֲרוּפָה (עֶגְלָה הָעֲרוּפָה)
Ehyeh asher Ehyeh	Ẹhyẹh ăshẹr Ẹhyẹh	(lit. "I am that I am") reference to God (as God represents themself this way in Exodus 3:14)	אֶהְיֶה אֲשֶׁר אֶהְיֶה
Eibishter/Eybishter (chs: Aybishter)
Eidut HaMizrach/Eidut Hamizrach
(b')ein brerah		(with) no (other) option
Ein/Eyn Sof	Ēn soph	(Kaballah) (lit. No End) God
einikel
Eis Ratzon
El/el		1. [el] (a) god  2. [El] one of the names of God in the Bible
El (Elohim) Elyon
El malei rachamim			אֵל מָלֵא רַחֲמִים
emes/emet
Emunah/emunah		belief/conviction
Emunas/Emunat Hashem		belief in God
Ephod/Eiphod	Ēphoḓ/Ēphod	richly embroidered vest or apron with two onyx engraved gemstones on the shoulders, on which, were engraved the names of the tribes of Israel; one of the 8 Bigdei Kehuna  that the High Priest wore during Temple services	אֵפוֹד
eretz		earth, land
Eretz Yisrael		(land of) Israel
Erev Shabbos
erva
Eser Makkot/Eser Makkos
Eshet Chayil/eishes chayil
Etrog/esrog//ethrog (pl. ethrogim)		1 of the Arba'ah Minim
Etz Chaim		(lit. 'Tree of Life')
Etz Hada'as
Etzbah Elohim			אֶצְבַּע אֱלֹהִים
etzem
evarim/eivarim
eved (pl. avodim)		servant/slave
Eved Hashem (pl. Avdei Hashem)		servant of God
Even Shetiyah/Even Shesiyah	Eḇen Haṧeṯ̣iyâh/Eḇen Sheṱ̣̇iyâh	'Foundation Stone'; foundational rock from which, according to Judaism, the world was created; located at the center of the Dome of the Rock	אֶבֶן שְׁתִיָּה\אֶבֶן הַשְּׁתִיָּה
Ever min hachai/Ever min hachay
Ezrat Nashim/Ezras nashim
fleishig	―	(Yiddish) having the halachik status of meat products, either as a result of coming into contact, being mixed with, or simply being, meat; syn.: 'besari' (Hebrew)
fleishigs	―	(Yiddish) 1. (noun) fleishig  foods  2. (adj.) malapropism of fleishig
frum	―	(Yiddish; OJ term) Orthodox (Jewish)
frummie	―	(Jewish slang; often, derogatory) frum person
G'lilah/glilah
G'mar/Gmar chasima tova
gabbai/gabay ("gabbeh") (pl. gabbaim/gabbaïm)		sexton
gadol (pl. gedolim)
Galus/Galut Bavel
galut/galus
Gan Eden		Garden of Eden
ganav/ganev (pl. ganavim)		thief
gaon (pl. Geonim/Gaonim)		genius
gashmiyut/gashmiyus		materialism; worldly pleasures
gazlan (pl. gazlanim)
gebentsht
Gehinnom/Gehinnam		hell
gemach			גְּמַ"ח (גְּמַ"חִים)
Gemara	Ġemârâ	Talmud	גְּמָרָא
gematria (pl. gematriot/s)			גְּמַטְרִיָּה \ גְּמַטְרִיּוֹת
Gemilus/gemilut chasadim	Ġemiluth ḥăsâḓim/ḥăsâdim		גְּמִילוּת חֲסָדִים
genizah	ġeniẓâh	repository for worn-out or damaged sacred texts such as Torah scrolls, prayer books, and other religious writings that contain the name of God; out of respect for their sanctity, they are placed there, instead of being discarded; eventually, they are buried in a Jewish cemetery according to Jewish law	גְּנִיזָה
ger (pl. gerim/geirim)		(a) convert
Ger Tzeddek/Tseddek
geshmack/gishmack
get (pl. gitin)		divorce (document)
Geula/Ge'ula/Ge'ulah		the Redemption
gevir ("geviir") (pl. gevirim)
gevurah	ġeḇurâh	1. strength  2. Gevurah (lit. strength): one of the 10 Sefirot  (emanations of God) in kabbalistic tradition representing disclipine and judgment	גְּבוּרָה
gezeilah/g'zeilah
gezeira/gezeirah
gezel
gilgul (pl. gilgulim)		reincarnated soul; reincarnation	גִּלְגוּל \ גִּלְגוּלִים
gilyon	ġilyon	manuscript, copyedit	גִּלְיוֹן
giyores/giyoret (pl. giyorot/s)		female convert	גִיוֹרֶת \ גִיוֹרוֹת
giyur		the 'conversion process' or just conversion in general
Gog u'Magog
golem
goy (pl. goyim)		lit. 'nation' but usually refers to non-Jews	גּוֹי\גּוֹיִם
goyish (also spelled: goysh)		un-Jewish
grusha (pl. grushos/t)		female divorcee
hadassim		1 of the Arba'ah Minim
Hafrashas/Hafrashat challah
hafsakah (pl. hafsakot/s)	haphsâqâh	1. break  2. recess	הַפְסָקָה \ הַפְסָקוֹת
Haftarah			הַפְטָרָה \ הַפְטָרוֹת
Hagbah/Hagbaha	Haǧbâhâh/Hagbâhâh	ritual lifting and displaying of the Torah scroll to the congregation after it has been read during a Torah reading service	הַגְבָּהָה
Haggadah (pl. Haggadot/s)
Haggadah shel Pesach
Hakadosh Baruch Hu
Hakhnasat orchim/hachnasas orchim	hakhnâsath orḥim	(lit. 'the welcoming of guests') hospitality (towards guests)	הַכְנָסַת אוֹרְחִים
Hakoras/Hakarat hatov
Halacha/Halakha/Halakhah (Halacha/Halakha/Halakhah)			הֲלָכָה
Hallel	Hal̇ēl	1.  2. 1 of the 14/15 Simanim of Pesach	הַלֵּל
HaMakom		(lit.: The Place) one of the names of God; usually translated as 'The Omnipresent'
hanukkiah/chanukkiah (pl. hanukkiot/s)
Har Habayit/Har Habayis
Har Sinai		Mt. Sinai
Harbei Shluchim laMakom	Harbē Sheluḥim laṀâqom	"The Omnipresent has many messengers"	הַרְבֵּה שְׁלוּחִים לַמָּקוֹם
Hashavat Avedah/Hashavas Aveidah
Hashem/HaShem/haShem		The Name (meaning: God)
Hashem yerachem/yeracheim		"may God have mercy"
Hashem yikom damo/damah/damam
Hashgacha Klalit/Klalis
Hashgacha Pratit/Pratis
hashkafah (pl. hashkafot/s)
hashpa'ah (pl. hashpa'ot)		influence
Haskalah		the (Jewish) Enlightenment movement	הַשְׂכָּלָה
Hatafat Dam Brit / Hatofas Dam Bris	Haṭâphath Ḋam Brith		הֲטָפַת דַּם בְּרִית
Hatzalah
hatzlachah		success
Hatzlachah rabah		"(I wish you) great success"
Havdalah
havel/hevel havalim (havolim)		"vanity of vanities" (from Ecclesiastes 1:2)	הֲבֵל הֲבָלִים
Hayah, Hoveh, v'Yihye	Hâyâh How̠eh ḇ'Yihyeh	(lit. 'Was, is, and will be") reference to God	הָיָה הוֹוֶה וִיהְיֶה
Hazkarat neshamot | Hazkoras/Hazkaras neshamos
hechsher (pl. hechsherim)
hefker
hefsek (pl. hefsekim)	hephsēq	interruption, pause	הֶפְסֵק \ הֲפְסָקִים
Hekdesh/hekdesh	Heqḋēsh	property or possessions that have been dedicated to the Temple	הֶקְדֵּשׁ
Hekhal/Hechal/Heichal (pl. Hechalim/Hechalot/s)	Hēkhâl	1. hall, large reception area  2. central sanctuary of the holy temple  3. ark/cabinet in a synagogue that houses the Torah scrolls; synonym: Aron Hakodesh	הֵיכָל (הֵיכָלִים\הֵיכָלוֹת)
hesped (pl. hespedim)			הֶסְפֵּד \ הֶסְפֵּדִים
heter (pl. heterim)	hetēr		הֶתֵּר \ הֶתֵּרִים
Hineni	Hiṅēni/Hineni	"Here I am"; Jewish expression of resilience and fortitude in the face of antisemitism	הִנֵּנִי\הִנְנִי
hisarvus/hitarbut	hithʿârḇuth/hithʿârḇuṱ	1. (lit. entanglement) communal involvement combined with a feeling of being united in purpose and responsibility  2. togetherness, feeling of solidarity; being united in purpose and responsibility; synonym: areivus	הִתְעָרְבוּת
hishtadlut/hishtadlus
hitbodedut/hisbodedus
hitorerut/hisorerus/hithorerut
Hod	Hod/Hōḓ	one of the 10 Sefirot  (emanations of God) in kabbalistic tradition representing splendor and glory	הוֹד
Hodu laShem ki l'olam/le'olam chasdo
hora
Hoshanah Rabbah
ikar
im yirtzeh Hashem		God willing
Imahot/Imahos
inyan (pl. inyanim)
Isiyim	Iṡiyim	Essenes	אִסִּיִים
Isru chag
Ivri (pl. Ivrim)			עִבְרִי \ עִבְרִים
K'lei/Klei Hakerem
k'mayim panim el (ha)panim
K'sones/Ketonet/Kesones Pasim
Kabbalah/Qabalah			קַבָּלָה
Kaddish/Qadish/Qaddish
Kadesh/Kadeish	Qaḋēsh	1 of the 14/15 Simanim of Pesach	קַדֵּשׁ
Kadeish Ur'chatz	Qaḋēsh Ureḥaṣ	first 2 Simanim of Pesach ; are referred to in this way as, in certain respects, they are considered one unit	קַדֵּשׁ וּרְחַץ
kallah (pl. kallot/s)		bride	כַּלָּה \ כַּלוֹת
kana'i/kanaï (pl. kanaim/kanaïm)		zealot
kapittl (pl. kapittlach)
Kapparot/Kapparos
Karet/Kares/Kareth (Ashk. rel.: Kores/Koreis; chs: Kures)	Kârēth/Kârēṱ	extirpation, spiritual excision; biblical punishment where a person is spiritually "cut off" from the community and where they are expected to experience a premature death (at the hands of God)	כָּרֵת
karov/karev/korev/kurev		(generally speaking) a family member
Karpas		1 of the 14/15 Simanim of Pesach	כַּרְפַּס
kashrut/Kashrus
katan (pl. ketanim)
kavanah (pl. kavanot/s)
kavod
kavuah/kavua
kivyachol/kavyachol/kevayachol			כִּבְיָכוֹל
Ke'arah/Ke'areh
ke'ilu
kebeitzah/k'beitzah	kabēṣah/k'ḇēṣah	(biblical measurements) (lit. 'like an egg') the size of an egg	כַּבֵּיצָה\כְּבֵיצָה
Kedushah/kedusha		1. Holyness  2.
Kehal Hakadosh
Kehal/Kahal		● 'Kehal Hashem':
kehilla/kehillah (pl. kehillot/s)
keili/kli (pl. kelim/keilim)
Kein Ayin hora ("kenayneh hora")
kelayim/kilayim
Keruvim/Qeruvim		Cherubim
kesher (pl. kesharim)		● 'Kesher shel Kayamah'	קֶשֶׁר \ קְשָׁרִים
Kesivah/Kesiva vechasima tova
ketannah/ketana (pl. ketanot/s)
Keter/Keser	Keter/Kether/Keṱer	(lit. crown) highest of the 10 Sefirot  (emanations of God) in kabbalistic tradition representing the 'Divine will', 'infinite light', and highest level of consciousness	כֶּתֶר
Ketonet/Kesones		Priestly tunic; one of the 4 Bigdei Kehuna  that the Aaronite Priests wore during Temple services	(כְּתֹנֶת (כֻּתֹּנֶת
Ketoret/ketores
Ketubah/kesubah/kesuba (pl. kesubot/s)
Kevurah/kvurah		burial
kezayit/k'zayit/k'zayis (pl. kezeytim/kezeisim)
kibbud/kibud (pl. kibudim)	kibud/kibuḓ	(an) honoring ● Kibud melachim (lit. 'honoring of kings') royal honoring; attending to someone's every need	כִּבּוּד
Kibbud av va'em/va'eim	Kibud/Kibuḓ/Kibuḏ aḇ w̠â'ēm	honoring (one's) father and mother; one of the Ten Commandments	כִּיבּוּד אָב וָאֵם
Kiddush
Kiddush Levanah
Kimcha d'Pischa/kimcha d'pischa	Qimḥâ ḋ'Phisḥâ	(lit. 'Paschal flour') traditional Jewish charitable practice of providing the necessary provisions for the Passover holiday to those in need	קִמְחָא דְּפִסְחָא
Kinnot/Kinnos/kinnos	Qinoth/Qiṅoth	dirges, elegies; usually referring to Kinnot Tisha b'Av (קִינוֹת לְתִּשְׁעָה בְּאָב)	קִינוֹת\קִינּוֹת
kinyan (pl. kinyanim)
kippah/kippa (pl. kippot/s)		yarmulkah
Kiruv/kiruv	Qiruḇ	(OJ; lit. bringing close, near) outreach to (ethnic) Jews, usually ones that have little to no knowledge of religious Judaism, with the aim of strengthening their Jewish identity and observance	קִירוּב
Kisei HaKavod
kishuf
kisuy rosh (pl. kisuyei rosh)			כִּסּוּי רֹאשׁ \ כִּסּוּיֵי רֹאשׁ
kittel/kittl (pl. kittlach)
kitniyot/kitniyos
klaf (pl. klafim)	qlâph	parchment	קְלָף \ קְלָפִים
klal (pl. klalim/klalos/t)	klâl / klâlim (klâloth)	1. prinicple, rule ● 'Yotzeh min haklal' (lit. 'takes out of the rule'): other than, different from the collective (group)  2. collective (of people)	כְּלָל (כְּלָלִים\כְּלָלוֹת)
Klal Yisrael
klallah (pl. klallos/t)		(n) curse
Kodesh (Ha)Kadoshim		(of the temple) Holy of Holies
kofer (pl. kofrim)	qophēr / qophrim	(lit. denier) a heretic	כּוֹפֵר \ כּוֹפְרִים
kofuy tova/tovah (pl. kefuyei tovah)	k'phuy ṭoḇâh	ungrateful person	כְּפוּי טוֹבָה \ כְּפוּיֵי טוֹבָה
Kohen Gadol (pl. Kohanim Gadolim)		High Priest of Israel
Kohen/kohen (pl. Kohanim)		person of Aaronite descent, elligible to serve as a priest (or High-Priest) in the Tabernacle and later, in the Jewish Temple
kol (pl. kolos/t)		voice
kol hakavod
korban (pl. korbanos)	qârbân / qârbânim	offering, sacrifice	קָרְבָּן \ קָרְבָּנוֹת
Korech/Korekh/Koreich		1 of the 14/15 Simanim of Pesach	כּוֹרֵךְ
Kosher/kosher
Kotel/Kosel		the Western Wall; Wailing Wall; short for 'Kotel/Kosel Hama'aravi' (lit. 'Western Wall')
Kri'ah/K'riah/Qeriah		tearing (usually used in the context of mourning, where the mourner tears their garment upon hearing of the death of a relative)	קריעה
Kriat Yam-Suf/Krias Yam-suf		the splitting of the red-sea
Kriyah/Kri'ah² (n) (pl. kriyot/s)		(noun) reading (usually, from the Torah, and out loud)	קריאה
Kriyas/Kriyat HaTorah		reading of the Torah (Bible)	קְרִיאַת הַתּוֹרָה
ktav/ksav (pl. k'tavim/k'savim)			כְּתָב \ כְּתָבִים
kulah		leniency
kumzitz
Kvater/Kvaterin	―	person honored with carrying a baby-boy to his circumcision, usually the godfather &/or godmother	קוואַטעֶר\קוואַטעֶרִין
l'Asid lavo/Le'atid lavo		lit. 'in the future to come'	לְעָתִיד לָבוֹא
l'Chaim ul'Shalom/l'chaim u'l'shalom
l'chaim/lechaim/lechayim		1. [Lechaim!] (lit. "To life!") "Cheers."  2. an alcoholic toast ● "Join us, we're having a l'chaim."
l'chatchilah/lechatchila/l'katchilah/lekatchila
l'chol/l'kol hadeos
l'Iluy Nishmat/l'iluy nishmas
l'kavod/lekavod
l'Kov'd/Lekavod Shabbat/Shabbos
Lag BaOmer/ba'Omer (alt. L"G BaOmer)			ל״ג בָּעוֹמֶר
Lashon HaKodesh		lit. holy tongue; (biblical) Hebrew
Lashon Hora
Lechem Hapanim/Lekhem Hapanim
Lechem Mishneh/Lekhem Mishneh
Lechem Oni/Lekhem Oni			לֶחֶם עֹנִי
lechora / lechorah / l'chora / lekhorah / lichora / lich'ora / lechoire / lichoira	likhʾorâ	(lit. 'to the light') it would seem	לִכְאוֹרָה
lecht (pl. lecht'lach)		candles
Leil Shimurim
leining		reading aloud (usually from the Torah)
levayah (pl. levayos/t)		funeral
Levi/levi (pl. leviim/leviïm)
Litvak
Litvish
lo alenu/lo aleynu
loskshen/lukshen		1. noodles, spaghetti (usually; soup noodles)  2. made up stories
luach	luaḥ	(lit. 'tablet') 1. calendar  2. informational board of some sort	לוּחַ
Luchot/Luchos
lulav (pl. lulavim)		1 of the Arba'ah Minim
Ma Nishtana
Ma'ariv/maariv	Maʿariḇ	1. west  2. (col.) night-prayer; synonym of 'Arvit'	מַעֲרִיב
Ma'aser/maaser		● Maaser Sheni: ● Maaser ani:
maamin/ma'amin (pl. ma'aminim)		believer
maaseh/ma'aseh (pl. ma'asim (yid. 'maases'))		1. story  2. deed, act	(yid: מַעֲשִׂיּוֹת) מַעֲשֶׂה \ מַעֲשִׂים
Maaser Sheni
maasim tovim		good deeds
Mabul/mabbul
machloket/machlokes (pl. macahlokos/t)		dispute; can be a general dispute or all-out feud	מַחֲלוֹקֶת \ מַחֲלוֹקוֹת
machmir (v)
machmir (n) (pl. machmirim)
machshiv		value something positively; recognize something's worth
Machtzit/s Hashekel	Maḥăṣith Haṧeqel		מַחֲצִית הַשֶּׁקֶל
machzor (pl. machzorim)
madregah/madreigah/madreiga (pl. madregos/t)
Maftir/maftir			מפטיר
Magen David (pl. Mag'nei David)			מָגֵן דָּוִד \ מָגִנֵּי דָּוִד
maggid/Maggid (pl. maggidim)	maġid/maġiḓ	storyteller, orator	מַגִּיד
Maggid²	Maġid/Maġiḓ	1 of the 14/15 Simanim of Pesach	מַגִּיד
Makat Bechorot/Makas Bechoros
Makat Hoshekh/Makas Choshech
makir tov (v)
makir tov (n) (pl. makirei tov)
makka (pl. makkot/s)
makpid
makriv
malach (pl. malachim)		angel
Malachei Hasharet/Hashareis	Malăkhē Haṧârēth		מַלְאֲכֵי הַשָּׁרֵת
Malchut/malchus	Malkhuth/malkhuṱ	1. kingdom  2. royalness, regality  3. Malchut: one of the 10 Sefirot  (emanations of God) in kabbalistic tradition representing sovereignty, leadership, and physical manifestation	מַלְכוּת
mamash
mamme lushen		mother tongue (usually referring to Yiddish)
mamzer (pl. mamzerim)
mann/Mann/Man
manhig (pl. manhigim)
Maoz Tzur/Tsur
Maran Harav
Marror/marror		1. 'bitter herb' eaten on Passover  2. 1 of the 14/15 Simanim of Pesach	מָרוֹר
Masechta (pl. masechtot/s)		(Aramaic) Tractate of the Talmud or Mishna
Masekhet/maseches (pl. masechot/s)		Tractate of the Talmud or Mishna
mashal/mashul (pl. mashalim)		parable
Mashiach/Moshiach		the messiah
masorti
Matan Torah
Matanat la'Evyonim/Matanas l'evyonim
matir/mattir		to permit something which was (or under normal circumstances, still is) forbidden
matzah (pl. matzot/s)
matzav (pl. matzavim)
matzevah/matzeivah (pl. matzevot/s)
matzliach		to succeed/be succesful ● to be matzliach: to be successful
Mazzal-Tov/Mazzaltov/Mazeltov		congratulations
mazzel/mazzal		luck
Me'en Olam Haba/Mei'ein Olam Haba	Mēʿēn ʿOlâm Habâh	(lit. 'kind of'/'like' heaven) foretaste of heaven; said about sth you find so enjoyable, you think it could have a tiny similarity to heaven	מֵעֵין עוֹלָם הַבָּא
Me'il		Priestly robe; one of the 8 Bigdei Kehuna  that the High Priest wore during Temple services	מְעִיל
Me'orat Hamakhpelah/Meoras Hamachpelah	Meʿârath Haṁakhpēlâh	Cave of Machpelah, a.k.a. Cave of the Patriarchs, located in Hebron; one of the holiest sites in Judaism as it is the burial place of the patriarchs and matriarchs	מְעָרַת הַמַּכְפֵּלָה
mechalel Shabbat/Shabbos		1. (v) to desecrate the sabbath  2. (n) person that desecrates the Sabbath
mechanech (pl. mechanchim)		educators
mechanechet/s (pl. mechanchot/s)		educators
Mechayeh metim / mechayei meisim		lit.: "resurrects/resurrecting the dead"; reference to God as the "Resurrector of the Dead"; short for "Mechayeh Hametim"	מְחַיֵּה הַמֵּתִים
mechayev/mechayeiv
mechazeik/mechazek
mechila		1. forgiveness  2. (noun, count.) (pl. mechilos/t) (one) act of forgiveness
mechitzah (pl. mechitzot/s)
mechubad
mechutan (pl. mechutanim)
mechutzaf (pl. mechutzafim)
medina (pl. medinot/s)
Medinat Yisrael/Yisra'el		State of Israel
megillah (pl. megillot/s)
Mehadrin (min HaMehadrin)
meizid (pl. meizidim)
mekabel
mekabel panim
mekabel tumah
mekadesh/mekadeish
Mekakh Ta'ut/mekach ta'us
Mekubbal/mekubal (pl. mekubbalim)			מְקוּבָּל
melacha (pl. melachos/t)
Melaveh Malka (pl. melavei malkah)			מְלַוֵּה מַלְכָּא \ מְלַוֵּי מַלְכָּא
Melech Malchei HaMelachim		(lit. 'King ruler of Kings') King of Kings (meaning: God)
Menorah/menorah (pl. menorot/s)
mensch/mentsch
menschlichkeit/mentschlichkeit
menucha
Merkazi	―	(lit. centered one) main prayer/study-room of a synagogue	מֶרְכַּזִי
merkhava/merchava/merkava
meshabe'ach/meshabeäch
meshuga/meshigge
meshuggener
meshulach (pl. meshulachim)		1. person that travels around collecting money for the poor and needy  2. Chabad shliach
mesorah (pl. mesoros/t)	mesorâh/mesoroth/mesoroṱ	traditions (persumed to be) transmitted (accurately) throughout the generations as they pertain to religious laws	מְסוֹרָה \ מְסוֹרוֹת
metaher/metaheir
metamei
Metzitza b'peh
Metzorah (pl. metzoraim)
mevater
Mezuman (Mezumen)		● Mezumen Bentshing
Mezuzah/mezuzah (pl. mezuzot/s)
Mi-Sheberach/misheberach/ mishebeirach/mi-sheberakh
Michnasayim/Mikhnasayim	Mikhnâsayim (Mikhnesē Ḇâd/Ḇâḓ/Habaḓ)	(lit.: pants) Priestly undergarments; one of the 4 Bigdei Kehuna  that the Aaronite Priests wore during Temple services (in the Bible, called "michnesei vad/habad"  meaning 'cloth pants', 'pants that (are) cloth'n' respectively)	(מִכְנָסַיִם (מִכְנְסֵי בָד\מִכְנְסֵי הַבָּד
michschol (pl. michsholos/t)
midbar (pl. midbarim)			מִדְבָּר \ מִדְבָּרִים
middah (pl. middot/s)	miḋâh	literally: 'measure'; 1. (character) trait  2. attribute ● middah k'negged middah (usually referring to God's wrath): measure for measure	מִדָּה
middot/middos		character traits, morals (plural of middah) ● middot tovot: good (character) traits
mikvah (pl. mikvaot/s)
milchig	―	(Yiddish) having the halachik status of dairy, either as a result of coming into contact, being mixed with, or simply being, dairy; syn.: 'chalavi' (Hebrew)
milchigs	―	(Yiddish) 1. (noun) milchig  foods  2. (adj.) 2. malapropism of milchig
Mimuna/Mimouna
Mincha/mincha
minhag (pl. minhagim)	minhâg/minhâgim	(localized) customs and religious practises that have become the norm (in certain communities) but of whom it is admitted they are not stricly speaking (Torah) law	מִנְהָג \ מִנְהָגִים
minyan (pl. minyanim)
mipnei seivah takum
Mishkan (pl. mishkanim)
Mishloach manot
Mishnah/mishna (pl. mishnayot/s)
mishpachah (pl. mishpachos/t)
mishpat (pl. mishpatim)
Misnagdim/Mitnagdim
misyavnim/mityavnim	mithyâw̠nim	(lit. the hellenized ones) hellenists	מִתְיָוְנִים
mitbonen/misbonen
mitpallel/mispallel (pl. mitpallelim)
Mitznefet/Mitznefes		Priestly turban; one of the 8 Bigdei Kehuna  that the High Priest wore during Temple services; the turban the regular Aaronite Priests wore was called a 'migbahath'	מִצְנֶפֶת
mitzvah/mitsvah (pl. mitvot/mitvos)
mitzvos umaasim tovim
Mizbeach (pl. mizbechot/s)			מִזְבֵּחַ \ מִזְבְּחוֹת
mizrach		east
Mizrachi/mizrachi/mizrahi (pl. mizrachim (yid. 'mizrachniks')
Mo'ed/Moed
Moadim l’simcha - Chagim u’zemanim l’sason
mofes (pl. mofsim)
mohel (pl. mohelim)
Morah
Morenu/Moreinu		● Moreinu Harav
moser
Moser Nefesh/moser nefesh	Mosēr nephesh		מוֹסֵר נֶפֶשׁ
Motze/Motse/Motzaei Shabbat/Shabbos
Motsi Shem Ra (pl. motzaei shem ra)		1. slander  2. slanderer	מוֹצִיא שֵׁם רָע \ מוֹצָאֵי שֵׁם רָע
Motsi-Matzah/Motzi-Matzah	Moṣiʾ Maṩâh	1 or 2 (depending on who you ask) of the 14/15 Simanim of Pesach	מוֹצִיא מַצָּה
musag (pl. musagim)
Mussaf/mussaf (pl. mussafim)
Mussar Haskeil
Mussar/mussar/musar	musar	1. morals, ethics, ethical teachings  2. to "give someone mussar" = to lecture someone, preach ethical teachings to them ● musar drashah (מוּסר דרָשׁה): diatribe, morality speech; musar shmuess (מוּסר שׁמוּעס): lecture on morality	מוּסַר
muttar
naar/na'ar (pl. ne'arim)		1. boy, youth (younger than 13)  2. idiot	נַעַר\נְעָרִים
na'arah/naarah (pl. ne'aros/t)		girl, young woman (in Talmudic law; a girl between the age of 12 and 12.5)	נַעֲרָה\נְעָרוֹת
nachat/nachas			נַחַת
nachat ruach/nachas ruach
Navi/navi (pl. neviim/neviïm/nevi'im)
nazir (pl. nezirim)
nebach
nebachdik
nebbie
nechamah/nechama (pl. nechamot/s)
nedavah (pl. nedavot/s)
neder (pl. nedarim/t)
nekamah	neqâmâh	1. (noun, uncount.) revenge  2. (noun, count.) (pl. nekamos/t) an act of revenge	נְקָמָה\נְקָמוֹת
nekevah/nekeiva (pl. nekevot/nekeivos)
nekudah (pl. nekudot/s)
ner (pl. nerot/neiros)		candle
nes/neis (pl. nissim)	nēs	miracle ● neis nigleh: open miracle	נֵס
neshamah/neshama (pl. neshamot/s)		soul ● Yetzias Neshama (lit. exit of the soul): moment of a person's passing
Nesiyat Kapayim
netilat yadayim
(ha)Netz HaChamah
Netzach/Netzah	Neṣaḥ	(lit. victory) one of the 10 Sefirot  (emanations of God) in kabbalistic tradition representing endurance, ambition, and the drive for success	נֵצַח
nevuah (pl. nevuot/nevuos)
Nezirut/nezirus
Nichum Aveilim
Niflaot HaBorei/HaBoirei	Niphlʾōth HaBōrē/​Niphlâōth HaBōrē		נִפְלְאוֹת הַבּוֹרֵא \ נִפְלָאוֹת הַבּוֹרֵא
niftar	niphṭâr	(lit. 'removed') 1. died ● "* was niftar": * has passed away  2. (pl. niftarim (נִפְטָרִים)) person that has (recently) died	נִפְטָר
niggun (pl. niggunim)
nimshal (pl. nimshalim)
niqqud
Nirtzah/Nirtza/nirtza		1 of the 14/15 Simanim of Pesach	נִרְצָה
nisayon (pl. nisyonot/s)
nissim v'niflaot/s
Nisuch Hamayim
Nosar/noser
nose/nosei b'ol (im chavero)	Nōśē ḇʿōl ʿim ḥaḇērō	(lit. carrying, accepting the burden) sharing the burden (with his friend); often used to mean 'sharing (in) another person's pain'	נוֹשֵׂא בְעֹל (נושא בעול)\ נוֹשֵׂא בְעֹל עִם חֲבֵרוֹ
nu
nusach (pl. nusachim)
Nusach Ashkenaz
Nusach Sepharad
Nusach Sfard
ober chacham (chs: "oiber chuchem")
ohel (pl. ohalim)
Ohel Mo'ed/Moed/Moi'eid
Ohev Shalom v'Rodef Shalom
Ol (pl. ulim)		(n) yoke, burden, responsibility	עוֹל\עֹל \ עוּלּים\עֻלִּים
Olah (pl. olot/s)
Olah Regel
Olam Ha'Elyon (o.p.a. Olem  Ha'Elyon)
Olam Haba	ʿOlâm Habâh	lit.: "The World to Come"; the next life, afterlife ● Me'ein Olam Haba: foretaste of Olam Haba	עוֹלָם הַבָּא
Olam Hazeh	ʿOlâm Haẓ̇eh	lit.: "This World"; opposite of the afterlife; life on Earth	עוֹלָם הַזֶּה
Oleh/oleh (pl. olim)		● Oleh chadash:
Onan (Onen) (pl. onenim)			אוֹנֵן \ אוֹנְנִים
Oneg Shabbos
Oneg Yomtov
ones/oness/oneis (pl. anosim/onasim)	onẹs (pl. ănâsim/aṅâsim/â̆nâsim/onâsim)	(lit. forced, compulsion) 1. situation where a person had no choice but to do sth or have sth inflicted upon them  2. (v.)(singular) rape  3. (n.) rape	אוֹנֵס\אֹנֶס \ אֲנָסִים\אַנָּסִים\אֳנָסִים\אוֹנָסִים
or/ohr (pl. orot/s)		light	אוֹר \ אוֹרוֹת
Orach Chaim
Orei Miklat
Orlah (Orloh)
os/ot/ois (pl. otiot/osyos/oisyos)		letter (of an alphabet)	אוֹת \ אוֹתִיוֹת
Ovdei kochavim
oy	―	oh (no); short for oy vey
oy vey (iz mir) (chs: oy/oi vay)	―	lit. "oh woe (is (to) me)"; expression expressing anguish or frustration; similar phrase: 'oh no'; often used as a dog-whistle by antisemites
p'sak/psak (pl. psakim)			פְּסַק \ פְּסָקִים
pachad
Parah Adumah/parah adumah
parashah/parshah/parsha (pl. parshiot/s)			פרשה
parnassah/parnasa
Paroh/Paroih/Paroy/paroih	Parʿoh/Pharʿoh	1. (paroh) a pharaoh  2. (Paroh) when referring to a specific pharaoh, usually the pharaoh in the book of Exodus	פַּרְעֹה\פַרְעה
parokhet/paroches (pl. parochot/s)	pârōkheth/pârōkheṱ	curtain (or veil) that covers the Ark (Aron Kodesh) in a synagogue, which houses the Torah scrolls	פָּרוֹכֶת
Parshat Hashavuah/Parshas hashovua	Parshath Haṧâḇuʿa		פַּרְשַׁת הַשָּׁבוּעַ
passuk (pl. pesukim)
passul/pasul
Pe'ah/Peah
peleh/pele
perek (pl. perakim)		chapter
perush/peirush (pl. peirushim)
Perushim/Prushim		Pharisees
Pesach		Passover
Pesicha
Peter Chamor/Petter Chamor
Peter Rechem/Petter Rechem	Pẹṭẹr Rẹḥẹm	lit.: "Redemption of the firstborn" Biblical commandment allowing parents to keep their firstborn child-son by paying a sum of money (or item of equivalent value) to an Aaronite priest (Kohen) ● (reform) Kiddush Peter Rechem: Kiddush ceremony celebrating the redemption of a couple's firstborn child-son (in Orthodox Judaism called: 'Pidyon HaBen' )	פֶּטֶר רֶחֶם
petirah (pl. petiros/t)
peyos/t
Pidyon HaBen
Pidyon Shvuyim
pikuach nefesh
pilegesh (pl. pilagshim)		concubine
piyut/piyyut (pl. piyutim)	piẏuṭ	(Jewish) liturgical poems or hymns; also spelled 'Piyut/Piyutim' (when referring to specific piyutim)	פִּיּוּט\פִּיּוּטִים
pogrom
pshat (pl. pshatim)
punkt
Purim
Purim seuda
Purim shpiel
pushke/pishke
ra'ayon/raayon (pl. ra'ayonot/s)	raʿeyon/raʿăyon	when a person has a 'ra'ayon' , they have an insight, reflection, contemplation that they want to share or they feel provides something interesting to think about	רַעְיוֹן\רַעֲיוֹן \ רַעְיוֹנוֹת
raayeh		indication that sth is true; proof	רְאָיָה
Rabbosai/Rabbotai/rabbosai (rabboisai)
Rachmana/rachmana litzlan
rachmanut/rachmanus		pity, mercy	רַחְמָנוּת\רַחֲמָנוּת
Rachtza/Rahtza	Raḥṣâ/Raḥăṣâ	1 of the 14/15 Simanim of Pesach	רַחֲצָה\רַחְצָה
Rasha/rasha (pl. rashot/s)		wicked person, evil person
Rebbe/rebbe
rechilut/rechilus
Refuah Sheleimah/refuah sheleima		(may you have) a complete recovery (lit. cure)
remez (pl. remazim)			רֶמֶז
reshut/reshus/r'shut/r'shus (pl. reshuyot/s)			רְשׁוּת \ רְשׁוּיוֹת
ribbit/ribbis	ribith	(of a loan) interest	רִיבִּית
rimon (pl. rimonim)
Rosh Chodesh
Rosh Hashanah
rov/ruv
Ruach Hakodesh/ruach hakodesh
ruchniyut/ruchniyus	ruḥâniẏuth		רוּחָנִיּוּת
safek (pl. s'fekot/s)
sakanah (pl. sakanos/t)		danger
Sakanos Nefashos/sakanos nefashos/sakanat nefashot		mortal danger
sandek/sandak	sanḋâq	person honored at a Jewish brit milah (circumcision) ceremony, to hold the baby boy on the knees or thighs while the mohel performs the brit milah, or by handing the baby to the mohel; compare: kvater	סַנְדָּק
Sanhedrin
sason vesimcha/v'simcha
Satan (HaMashchis)	Śâṭân Hamashḥith	Satan (the Destroyer)	שָׂטָן (הַמַשְׁחִית)
schach/skhakh			סְכָךְ
schar/skhar/s'char/s'khar / skha'ar/scha'ar/skhaar/schaar/s'cha'ar/s'kha'ar	śâkhâr	reward, often referring to heavenly reward ● skhaar v'onesh: reward and punishment	שָׂכָר
schlep/shlep
schnorrer
schnorring
sechel hayashar		straight-thinking mind
sechel/seichel		1. (lit.) brain  2. brains, smarts, intelligence
seder (pl. sakanos/t)
Sefardi/Sephardi/Sepharadi (pl. Sephardim)
sefer (pl. sefarim)		Jewish religious book
Sefer Torah (pl. Sifrei Torah)		Torah scroll
Sefirat Ha'omer/Sefiras HaOmer
segulah (pl. segulot/s)
Selichot/Selichos
Sephirah/Sefirah
Sephirot/Sefiros
Seudat Hamafseket/Seudas Hamafsekes	Seʿudath/Seʿuḓath Haṁaphseqeth	final meal eaten before the onset of Yom Kippur	סְעוּדַת הַמַּפְסֶקֶת
Seudat Havra'ah/Seudas Havra'ah	Seʿuḋath/Seʿuḓath Haḇrâʾâh		סְעוּדַּת הַבְרָאָה
Seudat Hoda'ah/Seudas Hoda'ah
Seudat Mitzvah/Seudas Mitzvah
Seudat Preidah/Seudas Preidah			סְעוּדַת פְּרֵידָה
Seudat Shlishit/Seudas Shelishis
sha'atnez/shatnez
Shabbat (pl. shabbatot)		Jewish sabbath ● Shabbat shalom: 'Have a good Sabbath.'
Shabbaton
Shabbos (pl. shabbasos)		(ashk) Jewish sabbath ● Gut Shabbos:  'Have a good Sabbath.'
Shabbos Chol Hamoed
Shabbos goy
shachein tov		good neighbour
Shaday/Shadai		one of God's names
Shaharit/shachrit/shachris
shaliach/shliach/shaliaḥ (pl. shluchim)	shâliaḥ	1. person fulfilling a task for someone else; agent, emissary, messenger  2. Chabad Shliach	שָלִיחַ
shalom		(lit. peace) 1. hello  2. one of the names of God
shalom bayit/bayis
Shalom/shalom aleichem		"Peace be upon you."
Shalosh Regalim
Shalosh Seudos/Shalosh-Seudos/shalosheudos (also spelled: shalushudis)
Shavuot/Shavuos
She'eno Yodea Lishol/she'eino yodeia lishol
She'ol/sheol
Shechinah/Shekhinah/shechina			שְׁכִינָה
shechitah		(ritual) slaughter
Shed/shed/shayd/shaid (pl. shaydim)
shefah/shefa
shefele
sheker
shem/sheim (pl. shemot/s)		name
Shema/Shema Yisrael
Shemini Atzeret/Shmini Atzeres	Shmini/Shemini ʿĂṣ́ereth | ʿĂṣ́ereṱ	(lit. 'Eighth Day of Assembly') Jewish holiday immediately following Sukkot, marked by the prayer for rain and celebrating the conclusion of the Torah (weekly reading tradition where the final reading takes place on this holiday)	שְׁמִינִי עֲצֶרֶת
shemirah/shmirah/shmira (pl. shmirot/s)
Shemirah/Shmirah/Shmira²
shemittah/shemita/shmita
Shemot/shemos
shep nachas
sheretz (pl. sheratzim)
Sheva Brachot/Brachos			שֶׁבַע בְּרָכוֹת
Shevarim/shevarim
shevuah/shvuah/shvua (pl. shvuot/s)
sheyichye
sheʾifot/sheʾifos
shfihat damim/shfichas damim	Shephikhath ḋâmim		שְׁפִיכַת דָּמִים
shidduch (pl. shidduchim)
Shikchah/shikcha	Shikheḥâh/Ṧikheḥâh		שִׁכְחָה\שִּׁכְחָה
shiksa			שִיקסעֶ
Shiluach hakan/ha'ken
shimush		everything related to the servicing of a person or synagogue
Shira
Shisha Sidrei Mishnah
shivah
Shivas/Shivat Haminim
Shkiah		short for Shkiat Hachamah
Shkias/Shkiat Hachamah
shl'mazel
shlach manos		short for Mishloach Manos
shliach (pl. shluchim)	shâliaḥ	alt. spelling of shaliach	שָלִיחַ
Shliach-Tzibbur/Shliach Tsibbur
Shloshim/shloshim
shmad
shmatte
Shmoneh Esreh/Shmonei Esrei			שְׁמֹנֶה עֶשְׂרֵה
shmooze/shmoozing
Shmura/shmura (matzah)
shmuess/shmuz
shnur/shnier		(yiddish) daughter in law	שׁנוּר
shochet (n) (pl. shochtim)		person that slaughters animals for meat according to religious Jewish law; butcher; slaughterer
shogeg/shoggeg/shogeig (pl. shogegim)
Shomer Shabbos (pl. shomrei Shabbos)
shtender
shtiebl (pl. shtieblach)
shuk		market(place)	שׁוּק
shul		synagogue
Shulchan Arukh/Aruch			שֻׁלְחָן עָרוּך
Shulchan Orech/Oreich		1 of the 14/15 Simanim of Pesach	שֻׁלְחָן עוֹרֵךְ
Shushan Purim
shutaf (pl. shutfim)
shutfos/shutfes
sicha (pl. sichos/t)
siddur (pl. siddurim)
sikkum (pl. sikumim)
siman (pl. simanim)		sign
simanim		1. plural of siman; "The Simanim": the 14/15 orders of the Passover-Seder
simcha (pl. simchot/s)		1. happiness  2.
simchas hachaim		joy of life
Simchas/Simchat Torah
sinas chinam
siyum (pl. siyumim)			סִיוּם \ סִיוּמִים
Sod/sod		1.[Sod]  2. [sod] secret	סוֹד
sof sof
sofer (pl. sofrim)
Sotah/sotah (pl. sotos/t)			סוֹטָה \ סוֹטוֹת
Sukkot/Sukkos
Syog/S'yog		● 'Syog l'chochmah shtikah':
T'kyo/tekio
t'nai/tnai (pl. t'naim)
ta'am/taam
Ta'anis/Taanit Esther			תַּעֲנִית אֶסְתֵּר
ta'anit/taanis (pl. taaneisim)		(noun) fast(-day)
taavah (pl. taavot/s)
Tachanun/tachanun
tachrichim/tachrichin	takhrikhim/takhrikhin	burial shrouds	תַּכְרִיכִים\תַּכְרִיכִין
tachus/tochus/tuches		butt
tafkid		purpose, function	תַּפְקִיד
Taharah/taharah
tahor
takanah (pl. takanot/s)
Tallit/tallis (pl. taleitim/taleisim)
talmid (pl. talmidim)		student
Talmud Bavli		the Babylonian Talmud
Talmud Yerushalmi		the Jerusalem Talmud
tam
tamei	ṭâmēʾ	(ritualistically or spiritually) impure	טָמֵא
tamim
Tanakh/Tanach	Tanakh	the Hebrew Bible; acronym of Torah, Nevi'im, Ketuvim  (תּוֹרָה, נְבִיאִים, כְּתוּבִים) (Pentateuch, Prophets, and Writings)	תַּנַ״ךְ‎
Tanchumim/tanchumin	Tanḥumim/tanḥumin		תַּנְחוּמִים\תַּנְחוּמִין
Tannah/Tanna (pl. Tannaim/Tannaïm)		(Talmudic) Sage
tashlumim/tashlumin	tashlumim/tashlumin	reimbursement; financial compensation	תַּשְׁלוּמִים\תַּשְׁלוּמִין
Techelet/techeles
Techiat Hametim/Techias Hamesim (techias hamesim)	Teḥiẏath Haṁēthim/Haṁēṱim	resurrecion of the dead	תְּחִיַּת הַמֵּתִים
tefach/tefah (pl. tefachim)	ṭephaḥ	(biblical measurements) width of the palm of an adult hand; handbreadth	טֶפַח
tefillah (pl. tefillot/s)
Tefillin/tefillin
Tehillim
teivah
Temani/Teymani/Teimani (pl. Temanim)		(Hebrew) Yemenite person
Terua/terua
Terumah/terumah (pl. terumot/s)
terumos/maasros
Teshuvah/teshuvah
Tevilah/tevillah/tvilah (pl. tvilot/s)
tichel (pl. tichelach)
Tiferet/Tipheret/Tiferes	Tiphereth/Tiphereṱ	one of the 10 Sefirot  (emanations of God) in kabbalistic tradition representing harmony and compassion	תִּפְאֶרֶת
tikkun (pl. tikkunim)
Tikun/Tikkun Ha'olam/Ha'Olam/Tikkun Olam
Tishah/Tisha b'Av			תִּשְׁעָה בְּאָב
Tochacha
tohu v'vohu
Torah	Torâh	1. the Pentateuch; first five books of the Jewish Bible  2. the (entire) Jewish Bible; Tanakh (in Christianity: the Old Testament)  3. (in Orthodox Judaism) all of Jewish religious law, including the Talmud	תּוֹרָה
treif
tza'ar/tsa'ar/tsaar/tzaar		pain, suffering
Tsa'ar ba'alei chaim
Tsarot/tsaros		(pl. of tsarah) troubles; afflictions
Tzeis/Tset Hakochavim
Tu b'Sh'vat/Tu Bishvat
tumah		(ritualistic or spiritual) impureness
Tumat Met/Tumas Meis
Tzaddik/tsaddik (pl. tzaddikim)
Tzadeket/tsadekes (pl. tzadikot/s)			צַדֶּקֶת \ צַדִּיקוֹת
Tzadokim (=Zadokim)		Saduccees
tzafon/tsafon		(the) north
Tzafun/Tsafun		1 of the 14/15 Simanim of Pesach	צָפוּן
tzara'at/tzara'as/tsaraas
Tzedakah pushke
Tzedakah/tzedakah//tzedaka
tzedek tzedek tirdof
Tzelem Elohim/Tselem Elohim
Tzeva'os		one of the names of God
tzibbur			צִבּוּר
Tzitz/Tzits	Ṣiṣ	Priestly headplate; one of the 8 Bigdei Kehuna  that the High Priest wore during Temple services	צִיץ
Tzitzit/tzitzis			צִיצִית
tziyun
Tzur/Zur Yisrael
umos/umot ha'olam
Urim v'Tumim
Ushpizin/ushpizin
vach nacht
Vayikrah
venahafoch hu/venahapoch hu	w̠enahaphokh hu	(lit. "and it was turned around"), quote from Megillat Esther, used to urge people to behave abnormally on the festival of Purim	וְנַהֲפוֹךְ הוּא
Viduy
vort (pl. vertlech)		1. (lit.) word ● "a gut vort" (lit.: a good word); aphorism  2. synonym of dvar Torah
Yachatz		1 of the 14/15 Simanim of Pesach	יַחַץ
Yah		one of the names of God
Yahrtzeit/yahrtzeit/yohrtseyt/yortseit		anniversary of a person's death
yarmulkah/yarmulka/yarmulke/yamaka
yasom (pl. yasomim)		male orphan
yasomah/yesomah (pl. yesomot/s)		female orphan
yayin		wine
Yehovah/Jehovah (Yad Heh, Vav Heh)		(one of) the holiest version(s) of God's* name (*the god of The Bible)	יְהוָֹה
Yekke/yekke
Yemos/Yemot HaMashiach
yente
yerusha (pl. yerushot/s)
Yeshivah/yeshiva (pl. yeshivot/s)
Yeshivish/yeshivish
Yeshuat Hashem k'heref ayin			יְשׁוּעַת ה׳ כְּהֶרֶף עָיִן
yesod (pl. yesodos/t)		1. foundation (e.g. of a building)  2. basis of a person's belief/convictions; foundational argument; foundational point  3. Yesod: one of the ten Sefirot  (emanations of God) in the Tree of Life in Kabbalah, representing the fundamental principles of existence and the underlying structure of the universe	יְסוֹד
Yetser Hora/yetzer hora		bad inclination
Yetzer Tov/yetzer tov		good inclination
Yetzias/Yetziat Mitzrayim
yevamah (pl. yevamot/s)
Yevanim		'the Yevanim' = the Greek (normally referring to the Seleucids during the Second Temple period)
Yibum/yibum			יבום
yichus	yiḥus	lineage, ancestry	יִחוּס
Yiddishkeit
Yisrael		(the Land of) Israel; the people (of) Israel (i.e. Jewish people)
yissurim
Yizkor
Yom HaDin		lit. 'Day of Judgement'; alternative name of Yom Kippur
Yom HaShoah
Yom Kippur
Yom Tov/Yom-Tov/yom-tov/yomtov/YomTov (also spelled: yontif/yontiff/yuntiff)	YomṬoḇ	(pl. Yamim-Tovim)(lit. good day) (most) Jewish holiday(s) ● "Gut Yomtov", "Good Yom-Tov": 'Have a good yomtov.'
Yosef shpiel
Yovel
Yud-Gimmel Middot/Middos
zachar (pl. zecharim)
Zadokim		Saduccees
zechut/zchus (pl. zechusim)		(the) merit
zemirot/zmiros
Zimmun/zimmun
zivug (pl. zivugim)
zivug sheini
zman		1. time  2. period of time (pl. zmanim)
znut/znus		adultery	זְנוּת
zonah/zoneh (pl. zonos/t)		adulteress
zonein (pl. zonenim)		adulterer

Bibliography

• Tanakh (Hebrew Bible).
• Babylonian Mishna.
• Jerusalem Mishna.
• Babylonian Talmud.
• Jerusalem Talmud.
• "hebrew-academy.org.il". hebrew-academy.org.il. Academy of the Hebrew Language. Retrieved May 29, 2024.
• Klein, Ernest, ed. (January 1987) [October 1965]. "A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary Of The Hebrew Language For Readers Of English". Klein Dictionary. Carta Jerusalem. ISBN 965-220-093-X.
• "yiddish.english-dictionary.help". english-dictionary.help. BD WORD. Retrieved May 29, 2024.
• "yiddishwordoftheweek.tumblr.com". tumblr.com. Retrieved May 29, 2024.