Killing of Joanna Simpson

Joanna Simpson (1964 – 31 October 2010) was a 46-year-old woman who was killed by her ex-husband, Robert Brown, on 31 October 2010. After dropping their children at Simpson's house, Brown argued with Simpson and bludgeoned her to death. He then buried her body in a pre-dug grave in Windsor Great Park.

Killing of Joanna Simpson
Windsor Great Park, where Simpson's body was located
Location	Windsor, Berkshire
Date	31 October 2010 (2010-10-31)
Attack type	Bludgeoned by hammer
Weapon	Claw hammer
Victim	Joanna Simpson
Perpetrator	Robert Brown
Verdict	Guilty
Convictions	Manslaughter by diminished responsibility, obstructing a coroner
Sentence	26 years' imprisonment

Brown was arrested and charged with murder. In court, he pleaded not guilty to murder, but guilty to manslaughter on the grounds of diminished responsibility. The jury found him guilty of manslaughter, after hearing he had been suffering with an adjustment disorder at the time he killed Simpson. Brown was sentenced to 26 years' imprisonment for both manslaughter and for preventing the lawful burial of a body.

In November 2023, Brown was scheduled for release, having served half of his sentence. Simpson's family and friends successfully campaigned for the secretary of state for justice to utilise new powers afforded to him under the Police, Crime, Sentencing and Courts Act 2022 to block Brown's automatic release. Brown might serve his full sentence and be released in 2036.

Background

Joanna Simpson

Joanna Simpson
Born	1964
Died	31 October 2010 (aged 46) Windsor, Berkshire
Cause of death	Blunt force trauma to the head
Spouse	Robert Brown (1999–2007)
Children	2

Simpson was born to Dianna Parkes and Chris Simpson in York, Yorkshire. She attended York College for Girls before her family moved to Laxey on the Isle of Man upon the sale of her father's building firm. There, Simpson attended the Buchan School. Following time at a grammar school in Oxford, Simpson studied business at the University of Bath. After leaving university, she set up a bed and breakfast on the outskirts of Windsor Great Park.

Robert Brown

Robert Brown
Born	1964/1965 (age 59)
Occupation	Former airline pilot for British Airways
Criminal charges	Manslaughter, preventing the lawful burial of a body
Criminal penalty	26 years' imprisonment
Criminal status	Imprisoned
Spouse	Joanna Simpson (1999–2007)
Children	2

Brown was from Edinburgh, with his father originally working in shipyards and his mother working for the Bank of Scotland. Brown stated that as a child he wanted to be a pilot. He was passionate about running, and had been the UK trail-running champion three times.

Brown was a pilot and flew long-haul flights, usually to San Francisco, Los Angeles and Hong Kong. At the time of Simpson's murder, Brown captained Boeing 747s for British Airways, stating: "It's a great job. Especially when you're the captain, you're the boss." On returning from long haul flights, he would rarely spend much time with Simpson. He was described as "quite reserved", as well as being rude to Simpson's friends, who described how Simpson was more relaxed when Brown was not present.

Relationship

Simpson had previously been married to another man, before they divorced amicably. When she met Brown, Simpson introduced him to her parents on the Isle of Man. Her parents disliked Brown, describing him as "rude" and "arrogant".

Brown and Simpson's romance was described as a 'whirlwind', with Brown moving in with Simpson in September 1998, into the house that Simpson had purchased with her first husband. Brown proposed to Simpson in Hong Kong on Christmas Day 1998, after he had piloted a plane there as part of a Christmas trip he was working. Brown suggested that the couple got married in February, with the pair doing so on 13 February 1999, at a small ceremony in Ascot. Simpson's parents did not convey their opinions on Brown to Simpson, although her father made the couple sign a prenuptial agreement. From their honeymoon in Cape Town, Simpson contacted her mother and stated that marrying Brown was "a terrible mistake", although she worked to make the marriage successful. In April 1999 found out that she was pregnant, which left her feeling "trapped". The couple's first child was born in December 1999, and their second in May 2001.

The family lived in Ascot at an address in a "Millionaires' Row" area, surrounded by Windsor Great Park. This allowed Brown to be near to Heathrow for his work.

Breakdown

In January 2007, Simpson went to see a solicitor about the marriage after Brown had accused her of having an affair. The following month, while in Hong Kong, Brown telephoned Simpson and told her that he was having "really dark thoughts", such as thinking about killing her and their children with an axe and about committing suicide by crashing a plane.

On one occasion, Simpson arrived home late at approximately 22:00 with the couple's children. As Brown put them to bed, his daughter explained that they had spent time that day with the man that he thought Simpson was having an affair with. Brown confronted Simpson about this in the kitchen of the house, before placing an arm around her neck and holding a knife against her chest. Managing to talk him out of attacking her, Simpson told Brown that she could no longer be with him. Brown stated that she could leave, but that she could not take the children.

The next day, Simpson travelled to the Isle of Man on her mother's request. In a phone call with Brown, Simpson reiterated her desire to leave him, to which he said that if she told anyone what had happened, it would be "the worst" for her.

Following the marriage break-up, Brown began a relationship with a member of British Airways cabin crew.

Influence of Radmacher v Granatino

Eleven days before Simpson disappeared, on 20 October 2010, there was a landmark ruling regarding prenups. German heiress Katrin Radmacher, at that time thought to be worth approximately £100m, won a "landmark legal battle" regarding the terms of her divorce. The ruling held that the prenuptial agreement drawn up to protect Radmacher's £100 million fortune from her French-born husband Nicolas Granatino was legally binding. Granatino had claimed that Radmacher had not revealed her vast wealth before he had signed the agreement. While the case established for the first time that prenups are enforceable in the UK, courts still retained the discretionary right to veto them if they were found to be unfair.

Simpson, having heard about the ruling, contacted her step-brother and a friend, excited that a precedent had been set by the case that may apply to her divorce proceedings. The friend knew that it would have angered Brown if he was found out that he was not entitled to any money.

Incident

On the afternoon of 31 October, Brown returned the children to Simpson's house after a week-long stay with him.

As she was frightened of Brown, Simpson normally had another person with her when he returned the children. However, at that time, none of her friends were present. Brown returned the children, who ran into the house. At the front door, he and Simpson began arguing before he struck her 14 times with a hammer.

Witnessed by their youngest child, Brown then carried Simpson into the boot of his vehicle. Brown went into the master bedroom of the house and removed the CCTV unit for the house out of the cupboard. He then told his children to get into the car, and drove them to his pregnant girlfriend's house. He then turned off his mobile phone, and took Simpson's body to a remote area of woodland in Windsor Great Park where he had previously dug a shallow grave, and buried her inside a plastic garden box.

Investigation

The investigation was led by Senior Investigating Officer (SIO) Detective Chief Inspector Steve Tolmie, with a team of 100 people.

On the morning of 1 November 2010, Brown made a phone call to police, requesting an appointment to discuss a "serious domestic incident" that he had been involved in. The phone call raised concerns about Simpson's welfare, with the police dispatching officers to her address. Forcing entry into the property, police found blood in and around the property, but Simpson was not in the address.

Brown, on attending Maidenhead Police Station, was arrested on suspicion of murdering Simpson. Police assumed that as Brown had handed himself in, that he was going to disclose what had happened and where Simpson was. He was interviewed approximately nine times, in which he repeatedly provided "no comment" before portraying himself a victim in their divorce. He cited the prenuptial agreement as the reason for an acrimonious divorce, which interviewers saw as a possible motive for her killing. During an interview on 3 November, police showed Brown photographs of blood within Simpson's address, and following a discussion with his solicitor, stated to the police that he "lost control and pushed her" before "[trying] to hide her in a box from the garden centre and [burying] her in Windsor Great Park".

On 4 November, Brown accompanied police to a secluded area of woodland near Legoland Windsor, where they found Simpson's body in a black bag within the buried plastic box.

Post-mortem

Simpson's post-mortem was conducted at Wexham Park Hospital, and revealed that she had been attacked with some sort of claw hammer, with Brown having beaten her with "heavy force" to the head at least 14 times. Simpson's body showed signs of self-defence injuries, where she had raised her hands in an attempt to protect herself. Any one of the impacts from the hammer could have been fatal.

Simpson was buried on the Isle of Man on land belonging to her family.

Legal proceedings

Brown appeared at Slough Magistrates Court, where the court heard that Simpson had suffered "a violent, unnatural or sudden death." Brown was remanded in custody.

On 11 May 2011, Brown first appeared at Reading Crown Court in a trial lasted ten days. He denied murdering Simpson, but admitted manslaughter on the grounds of diminished responsibility. The defence provided a psychiatric report that stated Brown was suffering from a mental disorder at the time he killed her. The first time a psychiatric diagnosis was made was when Brown was visited by the defence psychiatrist, who diagnosed him as having a stress-related adjustment disorder. The defence psychiatrist told the jury that particularly stressful moments in Brown's life had contributed to the disorder, such as the acrimonious divorce. The psychiatrist explained that this could cause a person to become mentally and emotionally unstable, thus impairing Brown's ability substantially to control himself.

Philip Joseph, a consultant forensic psychiatrist for the prosecution, disagreed with the defence psychiatrist's findings. Having visited Brown in prison, Joseph stated that Brown presented as "an intelligent man, a resilient person", describing him as "somebody who was in control", and opining that Brown would have been unlikely to have continued as an airline pilot if it was found he could not deal with stress.

On the first day of the trial, one of Simpson's friends gave evidence relating to the knife incident that had occurred previously, where Brown had held a knife to Simpson's chest. In court, Brown denied this event had happened, stating that the event had been made up.

The prosecution attempted to show pre-meditation that would show murder and not manslaughter, such as Brown having previously dug the grave and of taking a hammer to Simpson's address, hiding this within one of his children's bags to get it into the address. The defence argued that Brown was in fact a victim, picking on Simpson's character and personality, how she was "rich" and "controlling" regarding the preuptual agreement, which made Brown's life "very difficult".

Brown gave evidence at the trial, which is uncommon in cases where the defendant has provided a defence of diminished responsibility. He described Simpson as a "scheming, rich brat", and stated that he had been driven to kill her by years of recriminations and bitter divorce proceedings, particularly regarding the prenuptial agreement that he alleged to having been forced to sign. He stated that the agreement was an attempt for him to be deprived of money he felt he was owed.

Describing his actions of 31 October, Brown said that he had picked up a hammer from his bike shed and concealed it in his daughter's homework bag, being unable to explain why. He stated that their argument was over medication, and alleged that during it he went to his daughter's bag to get the medication and could not remember what happened next. He said that his next recollection was after Simpson's body had been buried, where he realised that he had the CCTV unit and the hammer with him and also burying those items in Windsor Great Park. His justification for burying the plastic box in advance of Simpson's killing was to collate court papers and documents about the divorce and "bury the sham of his marriage" as a time capsule.

The trial concluded on 24 May. On the charge of murder, the jury returned a verdict of not guilty; Brown was found guilty of manslaughter.

Brown was sentenced to 26 years' imprisonment, of which two years was for obstructing a coroner. Simpson's family and friends described the lack of a murder conviction as a "miscarriage of justice".

Brown's parole

Brown was eligible for release half-way through his sentence, with the remainder served on licence and monitored by the National Probation Service.

In March 2023, With Brown's possible release due in early November, Simpson's family and friends campaigned to stop Brown's release citing the Police, Crime, Sentencing and Courts Act 2022 that allowed the secretary of state for justice to stop the release of any prisoner they believe poses a serious risk to the public. The campaign was supported by former Lord Chancellor and Justice Secretary Sir Robert Buckland MP, former Home Secretary Dame Priti Patel MP, Jess Phillips MP, who was then Shadow Minister for Domestic Violence and Safeguarding, and Carrie Johnson, a domestic abuse campaigner and the wife of former British Prime Minister, Boris Johnson.

On 10 October, Secretary of State for Justice Alex Chalk KC MP stated that Brown would not be automatically released from prison and he would instead be referred to the Parole Board. Brown unsuccessfully challenged the decision at the High Court, with the rationale that Chalk was overturning something that was previously decided by the judge at the original trial.

Honours

Simpson's mother and her friend Hetti Barkworth-Nanton were awarded CBEs in the 2024 New Year Honours for services to people affected by domestic abuse and homicide.

See also

• Domestic violence
• Domestic violence in the United Kingdom
• Refuge (United Kingdom charity)