| Submission declined on 11 November 2024 by Mims Mentor (talk). The current references provide some reliable coverage, but they are mostly limited in scope and do not offer substantial or broad coverage of the event. A more comprehensive body of sources is needed for this article to meet WP:GNG for a stand-alone article. Also, the article should focus on presenting facts neutrally. Based on the draft's title alone, there is a risk that the content could be perceived as biased or overly dramatic, so special attention should be paid to ensuring that the tone remains formal, factual, and balanced.
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| Submission declined on 17 June 2024 by EmeraldRange (talk). This submission does not appear to be written in the formal tone expected of an encyclopedia article. Entries should be written from a neutral point of view, and should refer to a range of independent, reliable, published sources. Please rewrite your submission in a more encyclopedic format. Please make sure to avoid peacock terms that promote the subject. Declined by EmeraldRange 5 months ago. | |
Comment: Article calls it the Arab conquest, the title does not- should be consistent with what sources call it EmeraldRange (talk/contribs) 13:58, 17 June 2024 (UTC)
 | This is a draft article. It is a work in progress open to editing by anyone. Please ensure core content policies are met before publishing it as a live Wikipedia article. Find sources: Google (books · news · scholar · free images · WP refs) · FENS · JSTOR · TWL Last edited by Mims Mentor (talk | contribs) 17 days ago. (Update)
Finished drafting? or |
| Muslims Invasion of kaikan | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
| Rashidun caliphate | Kingdom of Kaikan | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
|
Taghar bin Da'ir Harith | Unknown | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| 1,000 troops | 20,000 forces | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
| Unknown | Unknown | ||||||
The Arab conquest of Kaikan (alternatively Kikan, Kiknan, Qaiqan or Qayqan) was a military campaign by the Rashidun and Umayyad Caliphate against the Jats of Kaikan, in present-day Pakistan.[1] The Kingdom of Kaikan faced several invasions from the caliphate. During the reign of the Khalifa al-Mu'tasim the Arabs annexed this region successfully after defeating the Jats.
Background
editBefore this expedition, Harith himself led an expedition against the kingdom of Kaikan in year 658 AD and obtained booty and captured 1,000 slaves in a single day, but in his second raid in 663 AD he was killed there, this was confirmed by the Baladhuri,[2] before this many expedition sent by Caliphs direct against the indian kingdoms and in sindh, the motive behind this was plundering and obtaining booty as it's confirmed by the sebeos[3]
The Battle
editIn the year 40 A.H or 660 AD, Taghar Or Saghar bin Da'ir appointed as a commander to the charge of frontier of Hind, he raided many district and captured much booty and slaves and then finally arrived in kaikan, where the native stood up to fight against him, They were about 20,000 in number but the army of Islam attacked them and overpowered them, so the people of kaikan retreated but when the Arabs shouted out "Allah hu Akbar" Then the people of kaikan being in fear surrendered themselves and some of them accepted islam and rest fled away.[4][5]
Aftermath
editAfter the victory, the Muslim army gained a foothold. However, upon receiving the news of the death of Hazrat Ali, they turned back and return to Makran. Upon their arrival there, they learned that Mu'awiya, son of Abu Sufyan ibn Harb, had become the Khalifah. After this phase many battles fought between the Muslims and kaikan and in the end Muslims annexed the kingdom of kaikan.[6][7]
- ^ Barve, Shashikant V. (1995). Introduction to Classical Arabic: A Contribution to Islamic and Oriental Studies. S.V. Barve. p. 421.
- ^ Kūfī, ʻAlī ibn Ḥāmid (1983). Fathnamah-i Sind: being the original record of the Arab conquest of Sind : known later by such other names as History of Aāhar son of Chach, Tārikh-i-Hind wa Sind, Tārikh-i Fath-i Sind alias Chachnāma, Minhāj al-Masālik alias Chachnāma, Tārikh-i Qāsimi, or simply as Chachnāma (in Persian). Institute of Islamic History, Culture and Civilization, Islamic University. p. 40.
- ^ Rajagopalan, C. (1962). The Greater Bombay: A Study in Suburban Ecology. Popular Book Depot. p. 29. ISBN 978-81-7154-360-1.
- ^ Elliot, Sir Henry Miers (1952). The History of India, as Told by Its Own Historians. The Muhammadan Period: The Posthumous Papers of H. M. Elliot. S. Gupta (India). p. 18.
- ^ Baluch, Muhammad Sardar Khan (1977). History of Baluch Race and Baluchistan. Gosha-e-Adab. p. 60.
- ^ Dashti, Naseer (October 2012). The Baloch and Balochistan: A Historical Account from the Beginning to the Fall of the Baloch State. Trafford Publishing. p. 77. ISBN 978-1-4669-5896-8.
- ^ Elliot, Henry Miers (2013-03-21). The History of India, as Told by Its Own Historians: The Muhammadan Period. Cambridge University Press (published 421–422). ISBN 978-1-108-05583-3.