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Rizna Radović (Serbian Cyrillic: Ризна Радовић; Krpimej, Kosovo, then Ottoman Empire, 1891 [1] – Čavolj, near Subotica, Kingdom of Yugoslavia, 1939) is one of the Serbian heroines from the Great War, a female fighter who survived as many as 15 stabs from Bulgarian bayonets. Among her comrades, she was known by the nom de guerre Stojan Komita.
Biography
editRizna (Stojana) Radović was born in the village of Krpimej near Podujevo, in Kosovo in 1900 or 1901. She spent her childhood days in Kosmet, like everyone else, in fear of attacks by Albanian gangs that ran rampant. Already at the age of eight, she experienced a great trauma when she and her younger brother were attacked not far from home by an Arbanas bandit, whom she killed in the fight for her bare life. Due to fear of blood revenge by Arbanas, the family moved to the village of Prekopuce near Prokuplje, whereFirst World War caught up with them, though her family lived relatively peacefully until the beginning of 1917. But when the Bulgarian occupiers captured her parents and younger brother and took them into captivity and killed them. Then she decided to join the Serbian army. Riza Radović participated in the battles from January to May.[2]
Participation in war
editRizna was first in Duke Kosta Vojinović's company, where she got the name Stojan Komita, and that way she always introduced herself. With her courage and daring, Rizna managed to quickly earn a rifle and a place among the soldiers, as well as the respect of her comrades. She took part in many skirmishes with the Austrians and the Bulgarians, and especially proved herself during the liberation of Blac, in the battles at Jastrebac and Ristovac. Because of her heroism, she was promoted to the rank of corporal.[3]
In one fight, two Bulgarian bullets wounded her in the left leg, and then, so wounded and tortured, the Bulgarian soldiers stabbed her with a bayonet 15 times, lest she betray her comrades. Until her liberation, she stayed alternately in a hospital and an occupation prison. One of her legs was amputated[4]and her arm was taken from a bayonet stab.
Because of her heroism, she was personally awarded the French War Cross with Palms by Marshal Louis Franchet d'Espèrey and two local army commendations for her heroism in the Toplica uprising against the Bulgarian occupiers.[5]
Life after the war
editLike other volunteers, after the end of the First World War, King Alexander I Karađorđević ordered that she receive five hectares of arable land near Subotica, in the volunteer colony Čavolj, not far from today's Kelebija. Although she was severely disabled, she cultivated the land herself. It is remembered that she always wore a man's suit and spoke of herself in the masculine gender until the end of her life. She never married.[3]
Rizna Radović died in 1939 and was buried at the Serbian military cemetery in Dudova Šuma in Subotica with full military honours. However, during the Hungarian occupation in 1941, the graves of Serbian heroes were desecrated. By confiscating part of the cemetery from the Serbian Orthodox Church Municipality, after the end of the war, the post-war communist authorities completely destroyed the graves and plowed the land for the construction of a sports centre.[6]
Legacy
editThe only thing that preserves the memory of the brave heroine today, besides the war history books, is the folk song where she is mentioned:[7]
References
edit- ^ Mladenović, Božica (October 8, 2014). "Women's Mobilization for War (South East Europe)" (PDF). International Encyclopedia of the First World War.
- ^ Mladenović, Božica (March 2012). Sudbina ŽEne U Ratu : Rosa Pantić (1891–1945) (in Serbian). Istorijski institut.
- ^ a b "HEROINA KOJA NE SME BITI ZABORAVLJENA: Rizna Se Prerušila U Muškarca Da Bi Se Borila U Velikom Ratu, Odlikovao Je Franše d'Epere Lično". serbiantimes.info. 2023-02-09. Retrieved 2024-08-18.
- ^ Avramović, Dragoljub (1997). Toplički Ustanak U Pesmama Save Vukomanovića (in Serbian). Indiana University.
- ^ Prošić, Jasmina (2016-12-01). "ONA JE DRUGA MILUNKA SAVIĆ: Zašto Smo Zaboravili Nju, Veliku Srpsku Heroinu?". Telegraf.rs (in Serbian). Retrieved 2024-08-18.
- ^ "Позната, А Заборављена: Ризна Радовић Кренула У Рат Као Мушкарац, Одликовао Је И Француски Маршал! – Портал Српска24". 2023-02-10. Retrieved 2024-08-18.
- ^ "Ризна Радовић – Хероина Без Вечне Куће". www.erepublik.com. Retrieved 2024-08-18.
- Translated and adapted from Serbian Wikipedia: https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%9B