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Teodor Bojinvić (Serbian Cyrillic: Тeодор Бојиновић; Dobrić, Serbia, Ottoman Empire, c. 1755 - Zvornik, Karađorđe's Serbia, 1813)[1] was one of the first revolutionaries from Jadar (Serbia) who successfully engaged the Ottoman troops in the First Serbian Uprising.[2][3][4]
Biography
editTeodor Bojinović was born in the Jadar (Serbia), in the village of Gornji Dobrić, in 1780.[4] In 1804, Đorđe Ćurčija placed him as a Boluk-bashi (an Ottoman officer rank equivalent to captain) over the right side of the Jadar (Serbia) and sent him to Lesnica (Trgovište), where he expelled the Turks across the Drina and encamped in the village of Ranitovac. He fought bravely but had to retreat in front of a larger Turkish army. After commander Đorđe Ćurčija's death, he was the most prominent man in the Serbian military in Jadar region. When a truce with the Turks took place, he wasn't active; he stayed at home. During the battles in the Šabac Nahiye (then under Ottoman occupation), he went with several men across Cer and began fighting the Turks. But since his wife and house were in Jadar, a rumour began to spread that he had come as a Turkish spy. Hearing this, Teodor promised that he will either die in the first battle or catch a Turk alive. In that first battle, he killed a Turk. As others rushed towards the insuregents, Teodor purposefully grazed a Turk's head knocking him unconscious to the ground and proceeded to tie him up. But while he had him tied up, another Turk from a distance shot and wounded Teodor in the hip. And so his men brought before their leader Jakov Nenadović -- a wounded Teodor and a bound Turk, as promised! Afterwards, he spent some time convalescing in a hospital monastery Radovašnica from the hip wound that left him permanently lame.
When Jakov Nenadović rebelled against the Turks in Jadar and Radjevina again in 1807, he appointed Anta Bogićević voivode (duke), ignoring the past heroism of Teodor Bojinović. In 1808, the followers of Bojinović demanded before the Governing State Council that the leadership of the right side of the Jadar district be given to Teodor Bojinović, at least a lower rank of captain. Since Anta Bogićević was a knez|duke and a man of wealth, he was able to sway the vote of the Governing State Council and Jakob Nenadović in his favour. Also, they had Teodor Bojinović incarcerated and sentenced on old, alleged charges of espionage. Bojinović's life was spared by the intervention of Vuk Karadžić[5][6] who reminded the military tribunal that Bojinović's reputation as a decorated veteran of Koča's frontier rebellion in 1788 and volunteer in the First Serbian Uprising ought to be taken into account. Also, former soldiers who served in his unit came to his support. The authorities had no choice but to set Bojinović free. Then, Bojinović, disenchanted, left the military and became engaged in agriculture on a rented farm[7] for the next four years in Karađorđe's Serbia. In 1813, when Serbia fell again under Ottoman sovereignty, the Turks came after Bojinović, captured him and took him to Zvornik, where he was hanged without a trial.[4]
Teodor Bojinović is included among the heroes of the Serbian Revolution in history texts.[8][1]
Sources
edit- Milan Đ. Milićević, Pomenik znamenitih ljudi u srpskog narodu novijega doba, Vol 1 (Belgrade, 1888)[9]
- Milan Đ. Milićević, Kneževina Srbija (Belgrade, 1878)[10]
- Lazar Arsenijević Batalaka, Istorija srpskog ustanka (Belgrade, 1898)[10]
- Konstantin N. Nenadović, Život i dela velikog Đorđa Petrovića Kara Đorđa Vrhovnog Vožda... (Vienna, 1884)[10]
- Michael Boro Petrovich, "A History of Modern Serbia, 1804-1918", Vol. 1 (Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York,1976)
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b "Srpska Revolucija | PDF".
- ^ http://www.maticasrpska.org.rs/stariSajt/biografije/tom01.pdf
- ^ "Rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika". 1974.
- ^ a b c "Teodor Bojinović (?—1813)". www.riznicasrpska.net.
- ^ Вук Стеф. Караџић: 1787-1864. Nolit. 1987. ISBN 9788619014205.
- ^ Šapcu, Istorijski Archiv U. (1968). Godišnjak Istorijskog arhiva.
- ^ Stvaranje: časopis za književnost i kulturu. 1956.
- ^ "Junaci Prvog Srpskog ustanka - Page 3". www.haoss.org.
- ^ Milićević, Milan Đ (23 November 1888). "Pomenik znamenitih ljudi u srpskog naroda novijega doba" [Monument of notable people in the Serbian nation of recent times]. u Srpskoj kraljevskoj štampariji – via Google Books.
- ^ a b c Поповић, Радомир Ј. (3 September 2010). Протокол и Регистар шабачког Магистрата од 1808. до 1812. године [The Magistrate of Šabac: Protocol and Register from 1808 to 1812]. Istorijski institut. ISBN 978-86-7743-084-9 – via Google Books.