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Comment: I would happily accept this article if it would have been called Diwali in Tulunada and was written from that POV. Currently the way it is written, it is emphasizing that Tudar Parba is a different festival from Diwali but held during the same time. This is not backed up by almost any of the sources with all of the sources refering to it as Diwali in Tulunada and not Tudar Parba. Sohom (talk) 17:57, 31 August 2023 (UTC)
- Comment: I don't read Kannada unfortunately, but only one of the English language sources mentions Tudar Parbo/Parba (and in that one, only once). This suggests this article has strayed off the subject a great deal. Please provide some good quality reliable secondary sources about the subject, Tudar Parbo. Sionk (talk) 19:57, 9 April 2023 (UTC)
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| Tudar Parbo | |
|---|---|
 Baliyendra Mara. | |
| Also called | Tudar Parbo |
| Observed by | Hindus, Jains |
| Type | Religious, cultural, seasonal |
| Frequency | Annual |
Tudar Parbo (spelt as Tuḍar parbo, Tulu: ತುಡರ್ ಪರ್ಬೊ).[1][2] is an agriculture-oriented[3] Deepavali festival of the tulunadu people and other related communities, This three-day celebration is dedicated to calling Bali Chakravarthi to their premises with Baliyendra Mara, domestic cattle and agriculture appliances are worshiped.[4] The Tudar means Diya and Parbo means Festival in Tulu Language respectively.[5] The festival mostly observed in the coastal Karnataka called Tulunadu, Karnataka and Kasaragod of Kerala state and celebrated annually as per Tulu Calender on Bali Padyami.[6]
Mipuna Parbo
editNaraka Chaturdashi is the first day of Tudar Parba.[7] The commemoration of Narakasura's demise at the hands of Lord Krishna occurs on this day. After applying oil to their entire bodies, everyone gets up early and takes a hot bath. Filling the mande with water is a big kid-friendly activity here (a large copper vessel, holds the hot bathing water for everybody).[8] After being thoroughly cleaned, the bathroom and well are elegantly embellished with designs, flowers, and leaves. The night before the morning bath, this water-filling operation is completed.[9]
People change into new clothes after taking a bath, light diyas, set off firecrackers, and share sweets with their loved ones. One of the required foods eaten this morning is sweetened beaten rice, known as bajil in Tulu or poha in Hindi.[10]
Bajil Padunu
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If a family member passes away throughout the year, "Bajil Padunu"(Bajil[11]: Beaten Rice)[1] is a programme to honour and remember them. The ceremony entails offering bajil in the early morning (before sunrise), sweetened with jaggery and thoroughly combined with coconut shavings, sesame seeds, and ghee. Banana, dosa, and the sweet bajil are also offered. The agel (offering) is concluded with a deepa, and the entire family assembles to pray for the deceased person's soul. For men and women, offering separate days.[12] Padya is the day for women, and Amavasya is the day for men.[9][8]
Baliyendra Mara
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Tudar Parba's third day, also known as Balipadyami̤ One of the greatest Vishnu Bhaktas, Bali Chakravarthy,[13] is honoured during the Tudar Parba celebrations. Bali Chakravarthi celebrates Deepavali by lighting customary torches. Traditionally, paleda mara was used to make stands, but nowadays, jackfruit trees are also used. Flowers and lighting are used to embellish this stand. There is a tender coconut placed on one banana leaf. A portion of sweetened bajil, banana, and dosa are spread on another banana leaf.[14][1][15][16]
This crown is used to support a lamp constructed of coconut shells (Cocos nucifera L., Arecaceae), popularly known as "thibile," which is lit every night during the festival using a cotton wick moistened with coconut oil.[12] The A. scholaris branch is covered by an outer layer of the fibrous coverings of a plantain tree stem. 'Dasavala' (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L., Malvaceae), 'gonde poo' (Allamanda cathartica L., Apocynaceae), and 'paade poo' (Polycarpaea corymbosa (L.) Lam., Caryophyllaceae) fresh wildflowers are also used to decorate the branch.[9][17] The structure created by the ornamented Alstonia branches is known as "Baliyendra mara" (a tree dedicated to Baliyendra) and represents the demon king Bali from Hindu mythology. During the worship, the entire family participates by lighting the lamp and exclaiming the name "Bali" aloud. As offerings to Bali, meals made with rice and milk are also kept under a banana plant leaf. The localised version of the King Bali myth, Mahabali was a tremendously strong demon king who posed a threat to all the gods. The Hindu god of creation, "Vishnu," appeared in front of Bali as a dwarf named "Vamana"[17] to slay him and free the gods from his grasp.[18] Vamana pleaded with Bali to give him a plot of land the size of his three small feet. Vamana asked for three steps of ground, which Bali promised him. Vamana instantly changed into a giant and took two steps, first covering the entire earth and then the entire heavens. Despite being a demon, Bali had a good reputation and never broke his promises.[19][17]
Families from farming communities swarm to their farms with antique lamps and sing a particular song which is called Baliyendra Pāḍdana that ends with the sound "kooooo."[20] Despite how melodious it may sound, the Pāḍdana is a homage to this country's kind former ruler, King Bali Chakravarthy. The Pāḍdana is sung by the populace as a homage to King Bali and an invitation for him to visit his domain. They think that their king pays them a visit around Diwali to see how his realm and subjects are faring. They anticipate that god would go to the fields to assess the situation and to bestow blessings. The Baliyenda Pāḍdana as follows,[12]
- kargal kāyanagā
- bōrgal pū pōnagā
- jāl pāde ānagā
- urdu maddoli ānagā
- gōḍderme gone ānagā
- eru daḍde ānagā
- tumbedaḍiṭ kūṭa ānagā
- nekkidaḍiṭ āṭa ānagā
- dambēlig pāmpu pāḍnaga
- aleṭ bōlneyi murkunagā
- gurugun̄jida kale majinagā
- kalla kōri kelepunagā
- daṇṭe ajji madimal ānagā
- ballamale sullamale on̄janagā
- man̄jalakki mai pāḍunaga
- koṭruña koḍiyērnagā
- āṭida amāvāseg sōṇada saṅkrāntig
- bontelda koḍi parbōgu
- ā dinata bali ī dinata poli
- koṇḍu pōla..... Baliyēndra......
- arak da oṭṭe ōḍōḍu
- mayaṇada moṇṭu jallūḍu
- poṭṭu gaṭṭi pōḍi bajild bali detonare
- koṭṭugu goṇḍe pū kaṭṭud
- bala baliyēndra
- ā ūra poli kanala
- ī ūra bali konola baliyēndra
- vkū..Baliyēndra... Kū... Baliyēndra...Kū... Baliyēndra[20][12]
The Tuluvas decorate their homes with oil lamps and being an agrarian society, the tuluvas perform several rituals in the fields in honour of King Bali. Similarly, prayers are offered to the crops and to the livestock too.[21] The calling of Baliyendra Pāḍdana is like this,
Erukule Tudar Tojapuna
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On the morning of Deepawali, you must bathe every cow and calf in the house. All of the cows in the kidhe (cowshed) are adorned with a flower garland and kumkum on their foreheads following the completion of Bali puja at night. As part of the preparation for the go-pooja, their legs are also cleansed.[22] Place a deepa and a small amount of rice, bajil, and baar[1] (rice grains with their covers on), which are accessible in every Tulunadu home, in one thadpe[1] (a huge dish made of straw with thick corners). Show this to the cows and perform a pooja. After performing pooja, serve each cow a neer dosa and a banana on a banana leaf.[9]
Angadi pooja during Tudar Parba
editDhanyalakshmi poojas are performed on the final day of Thudar Parba in the Tulunadu region. On this day, the majority of grocery store owners, restaurant owners, and other commercial enterprises do pooja, also known as "Angadi Pooja".[12] The business must be thoroughly cleaned in every nook and cranny before this puja can take place. Regular clients, friends, and family are welcomed into the establishment and given drinks and sweet packets as gifts.[23][9]
Maankaali Nalike
editOn Tudar Parbo Padya day, Maankaali Nalike[24], a traditional folk dance, unfolds as members of the Panaara or Nalike community adorn themselves with saris, masks crafted from areca sheets, and gaggara (jingle bells)[1] tied around their ankles. The performance commences at the residence of the village head, and with rhythmic dance moves, the participants subsequently visit every house, imparting blessings to specific families[25]
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f "Tulu World : Online Tulu Dictionary". tuludictionary.in.
- ^ "'Dharma' is a Value of Life and we follow it: Dr. Kalladka Prabhakar Bhat". english.upayuktha.com.
- ^ Constance Jones 2011, pp. 252–253.
- ^ Dhwani, Tulunada (4 November 2021). "ತುಳುವೆರೆ ನಾಡ ಪರ್ಬೊ - ತುಡರ ಪರ್ಬ". Tulunada Dhwani. Retrieved 24 October 2022.
- ^ "Tulu World : Online Tulu Dictionary". tuludictionary.in.
- ^ "ತುಳುನಾಡ ತುಡರ್ ಪರ್ಬ : ಸಾಮೂಹಿಕ ದೀಪವಾಳಿ ಆಚರಣೆ". Yuvavahini. 30 October 2019.
- ^ "Thudar Parba - Deepawali Of Tuluvas With Unique Traditions". 14 November 2020. Retrieved 10 April 2023.
- ^ a b Arebhahse Vishwakosha - Arebhahshe Encyclopedia. Karnataka Arebhashe Samskriti mattu Sahithya Academy. p. 321. ISBN 9788195659890.
- ^ a b c d e "Thudar Parba - Deepawali Of Tuluvas With Unique Traditions". Mangaloreheritage. 14 November 2020.
- ^ "ತುಳು ಚಾವಡಿ-ಕಬರ್ ಸಾದಿಡ್ ಉಂತ್ದ್ ಂಡ್ ಪರ್ಬೊ ಆಚರಣೆ". Vijay Karnataka (in Kannada).
- ^ "Bajil(beaten rice) used as breakfast in Tulu Nadu". 3 July 2020. Retrieved 10 April 2023.
- ^ a b c d e "ಬಲಿಪಾಡ್ಯಮಿಯಂದು ತುಳುವರು ಬಲಿಯೇಂದ್ರನನ್ನು ಕರೆಯುವುದರ ಹಿಂದಿದೆ ಹೀಗೊಂದು ವಿಶೇಷತೆ". Vijay Karnataka (in Kannada).
- ^ "Here is why Diwali- the festival of lights is celebrated". Asianet News Network Pvt Ltd. Retrieved 10 April 2023.
- ^ Oct 24, STANLEY G. PINTO / TNN / Updated. "Coastal Diwali in local flavour | Mangaluru News - Times of India". The Times of India.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ "In coastal Karnataka, Deepavali is the return of beloved king Baliyendra, banished by Vamana". The News Minute. 1 November 2016.
- ^ Bhandary, Jayakara (24 March 2020). "Alstonia scholaris in the ethnomedicinal and religious tradition of Coastal Karnataka, India". Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity. 21 (4). doi:10.13057/biodiv/d210438. S2CID 216122739.
- ^ a b c Bhagyashri, Swasthi and Rajesh B. "IMPORTANCE OF PLANTS IN TULUNADU (KARNATAKA) RITUALS AND CEREMONIALS" (PDF).
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ "Coastal Diwali in local flavour". The Times of India. 24 October 2011.
- ^ "Parba-Tuluva festival of lights is all about demon king Bali's homecoming". News Karnataka. 19 October 2017.
- ^ a b "Parba-Tuluva festival of lights is all about demon king Bali's home coming". News Karnataka. 19 October 2017.
- ^ Arebhahse Vishwakosha - Arebhahshe Encyclopedia. Karnataka Arebhashe Samskriti mattu Sahithya Academy. p. 332. ISBN 9788195659890.
- ^ "The bright and sacred significance of Deepavali". www.mangaloretoday.com.
- ^ "Light up your life this festival". Deccan Herald. 21 October 2011.
- ^ "Udupi: Maankaali visits homes, drives away poverty during Deepavali". www.daijiworld.com.
- ^ ಪ್ರೊ. ಹಿ. ಚಿ. ಬೋರಲಿಗಯ್ಯ. "ದಕ್ಷಿಣ ಭಾರತೀಯ ಜಾನಪದ ಕೋಶ". 1: 28.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help)
Category:Tulu language Category:Culture of Tulu Nadu Category:Religious festivals in India