Drosophila tarphytrichia is an endangered species of fly from Hawaii, in the species rich lineage of Hawaiian Drosophilidae. It is only found on the island of Oahu.[1] While originally collected near Manoa Falls in 1949, this fly is thought to have been extirpated from the Koʻolau Range and now only found in the Waiʻanae Range.[2] This species is a member of the lanaiensis subgroup in the picture-wing clade.[3]
| Drosophila tarphytrichia | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Diptera |
| Family: | Drosophilidae |
| Genus: | Drosophila |
| Species: | D. tarphytrichia
|
| Binomial name | |
| Drosophila tarphytrichia (Hardy, 1965)
| |
Description
editDrosophila tarphytrichia was described in 1965 by D. Elmo Hardy.[4] The picture-wing markings in this and other closely related species are located in a stripe along the center and at the apex of the wing.[3] It is distinguished from closely related species by a flattened front tarsal segment with a dense clump of hair. These flies are predominantly yellow, with some red and brown coloration on the thorax.[1]
Drosophila tarphytrichia is known to breed in the rotting stems and branches of pāpala plants (Charpentiera).[1]
This species has been variously considered as part of the hawaiensis complex,[1] vesciseta subgroup,[5] and conspicua subgroup,[6] but recent phylogenetic analyses have established it as a member of the lanaiensis subgroup,[3] along with D. digressa, D. hexachetae, D. lanaiensis, and D. moli.
Conservation
editDrosophila tarphytrichia was listed as federally endangered in 2006 along with ten other species of picture-wing Drosophila.[1] Threats to the conservation of D. tarphytrichia include loss-of-habitat, in part due to invasive pigs and goats, as well as introduced predators such as big-headed ants and yellow crazy ants.
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f "Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Determination of Status for 12 Species of Picture-Wing Flies From the Hawaiian Islands". Federal Register. Fish and Wildlife Service. May 9, 2006. pp. 26835–26852. Archived from the original on May 12, 2021. Retrieved June 21, 2022.
- ^ "ECOS: Species Profile". ecos.fws.gov. Archived from the original on 2022-01-20. Retrieved 2022-06-27.
- ^ a b c Magnacca, Karl N.; Price, Donald K. (2015-11-01). "Rapid adaptive radiation and host plant conservation in the Hawaiian picture wing Drosophila (Diptera: Drosophilidae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 92: 226–242. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2015.06.014. ISSN 1055-7903. PMID 26151218.
- ^ Hardy, D. Elmo (1965). "Diptera: Cyclorrapha II, Series Schizophora, Section Acalyptera I, Family Drosophilidae". Insects of Hawaii. Vol. 12. The University of Hawaii Press.
- ^ Magnacca, Karl N.; Foote, David; O’grady, Patrick M. (2008-03-17). "A review of the endemic Hawaiian Drosophilidae and their host plants". Zootaxa. 1728 (1): 1–58–1–58. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.1728.1.1. ISSN 1175-5334. Archived from the original on 2022-04-29. Retrieved 2022-06-30.
- ^ O'Grady, Patrick; Magnacca, Karl; LaPoint, Richard T. (2010). "Taxonomic relationships within the endemic Hawaiian Drosophilidae (Insecta: Diptera)". Bishop Museum Occasional Papers. 108: 1–34.