The Dvadasha Stotra (Sanskrit: द्वादशस्तोत्रम्, romanized: Dvādaśastotraṃ) is a series of 12 stotras, or religious hymns, composed by Madhvacharya, the 13th-century founder of the Dvaita school of Indian philosophy. Dvadaśa in Sanskrit means "twelve", and all the 12 stotras are in praise of the Hindu god Vishnu.[1][2] The third stotra is considered a summary of Madhvacharya's philosophy.[3]
| Dvadasha Stotra | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Painting of Krishna with consorts Rukmini and Satyabhama, Ravi Varma Press | |
| Information | |
| Religion | Hinduism |
| Author | Madhvacharya |
| Language | Sanskrit |
| Period | 13th century |
| Verses | 12 |
It is believed that the stotras were composed in connection with the installation of the idol of the Hindu god Krishna at Udupi.[4]
There have been numerous musical compositions of the Dvadasha Stotra over the years. It is also a ritual to recite the Dvadasha Stotra at the time of naivedya[5] or the offering of food to God performed at Madhva temples.
Hymn
editThe first verse of the stotra is as follows:[6]
vande vandyam sadanandam
vasudevam niranjanam
indirdpatimadyadi
varadesavarapradam
I reverentially salute Vasudeva the adorable, of the nature of impeccable bliss, immaculate, the Lord of Indra and the bestower of boons on boon-giving lords such as Brahma and others.— Verse 1
Commentaries and translations
editThere are eight known commentaries on the Dvadasha Stotra,[7] authored by:
- Gangodamishra
- Gudhakartrika
- Chalari Narasimhacharya
- Channapattana Thimmannacharya
- Umarji Tirumalacharya
- C M Padmanabhacharya
- Punyashravana Bhikshu
- Sri Vishwapati Tîrtha
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Edwin F. Bryant (18 June 2007). Krishna: A Sourcebook. Oxford University Press. p. 358. ISBN 978-0-19-972431-4. Retrieved 18 June 2007.
- ^ "Dvaadasha Stotra". Archived from the original on 2020-08-09. Retrieved 2007-12-21.
- ^ Journal of Indian Council of Philosophical Research, Volume 19. Indian Council of Philosophical Research. 2002. p. 147.
- ^ Sharma, B. N. Krishnamurti (2000). History of the Dvaita School of Vedānta and Its Literature: From the Earliest Beginnings to Our Own Times. Motilal Banarsidass Publ. p. 187. ISBN 978-81-208-1575-9.
- ^ "Occasions for the Dvadasha Stotra's recitation". Archived from the original on 2020-08-09. Retrieved 2007-12-21.
- ^ Makarand Joshi. Dvadasa Stotram Of Sri Madhvacharya English Translation By Kowlagi Seshachar. p. 1.
- ^ "Commentaries on the Dvadasha Stotra". Archived from the original on 2020-08-09. Retrieved 2008-06-26.