Ebenezer Farrand (1803 – March 17, 1873) was an American Commodore that served in the Confederate States Navy and was notable for his service at the Battle of Drewry's Bluff as well as his ship construction at Selma, Alabama.
Ebenezer Farrand | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Nickname(s) | Eben |
| Born | 1803 New York City, United States |
| Died | March 17, 1873 (aged 69–70) Attalla, Alabama, United States |
| Branch |  United States Navy Confederate States Navy |
| Years of service | 1823–1865 |
| Rank | Commodore |
| Commands | USS Ariel USS Falmouth |
| Battles / wars | American Civil War
|
Biography
editEarly military career
editEbenezer Farrand was born in 1803 in New York City. He later moved to New Jersey and entered service of the United States Navy on March 4, 1823, as a midshipman's warrant.[1][2] He was promoted to midshipman in 1829[3] and initially commanded the newly constructed USS Ariel in 1831 before commanding the USS Falmouth in 1851.[2][3] Due to his naval actions, he was promoted to commander on July 10, 1854.[2]
American Civil War
editDespite being a Northerner, Farrand sympathized with the Southern states and resigned from the United States Navy on January 21, 1861, as he was stationed at the Warrenton Naval Yard in Pensacola, Florida as part of his first task as a Confederate.[2] He was then promoted to Commander on June 6, 1861, and was sent to negotiate in New Orleans for the construction of several gunboats.[2] He was made Chief of Light House Bureau, replacing Raphael Semmes as he was commanding the CSS Sumter.[3] In 1862, he was to a special service regarding ship construction before being sent to Savannah, Georgia.[2] He briefly served in Rockett's Yard at the James River, a few miles south of Richmond, Virginia before Union forces were beginning to threaten the Confederate capital. As a response, Farrand organized Confederate Army and Navy personnel at Drewry's Bluff and ordered guns from nearby ships as well as the sinking of the CSS Jamestown to obstruct the James River.[2] When the Union forces under Admiral John Rodgers arrived with the USS Galena but were defeated at the Battle of Drewry's Bluff. For his victory at Drewry's Bluff, he received a direct thanking from the Confederate Congress itself.[2] Farrand didn't stay at Drewry's Bluff for long as his command was relinquished to Sydney Smith Lee and took charge of shipbuilding at Selma, Alabama.[4] While based in Selma, Farrand oversaw the construction of Fort Stonewall on the Alabama River and Fort Sidney Johnston on the Tombigbee River.[5] As a result of his direct contributions, he helped with the completion of CSS Tuscaloosa, CSS Huntsville and the CSS Tennessee.[2]
On January 7, 1864, he was promoted to captain and followed the launched ironclads to Mobile, Alabama but shortly after, assumed command of the Confederate naval forces at the Battle of Mobile Bay after Admiral Franklin Buchanan was wounded as the few Confederate ships left supported the land forces against the Union Navy but generally seemed disinterested in the battle as he refused to take orders due his rivalry with Dabney H. Maury.[6] Following the Union capture of Mobile, Rear Admiral Henry K. Thatcher blocked the mouth of the Tombigbee River and Farrand surrendered as a result of this on May 8, 1865.[2][3][7] He was paroled of charges of treason two days later at Nanna Hubba Bluff.[3]
Postwar life
editFarrand would spend his civilian life as an insurance representative at Montgomery, Alabama as well as working as a railroad operator in Attalla, Alabama before passing away on 17 March 1873 and was buried at the city cemetery.[2][8]
References
edit- ^ United States Bureau of Naval Personnel (1860). Register of Commissioned and Warrant Officers of the United States Navy and Marine Corps and Reserve Officers on Active Duty. p. 20. Retrieved January 24, 2022.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Spencer Tucker (2011). Paul G. Pierpaoli Jr. (ed.). "The Civil War Naval Encyclopedia". Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 185. Retrieved January 24, 2022.
- ^ a b c d e "Ebenezer Farrand: Naval Commodore who commanded Confederate Naval Forces in the State of Alabama". ranger95.com. Retrieved January 24, 2022.
- ^ Walter Lynwood Fleming (1905). Civil War and Reconstruction in Alabama. Columbia University Press. ISBN 9780231906586. Retrieved January 25, 2022.
- ^ Bergeron, Arthur W. Jr. (2000). Confederate Mobile. Baton Rouge, Louisiana: LSU Press. p. 61. ISBN 9780807164792.
- ^ Ben H. Severance (October 2012). Portraits of Conflict: A Photographic History of Alabama in the Civil War. p. 303. ISBN 9781610755078. Retrieved January 25, 2022.
- ^ United States Navy Dept (1865). Annual Reports of the Navy Department. U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 366. Retrieved January 24, 2022.
- ^ Norman Dasinger, Jr. (February 1, 2021). "The New Yorker who was a Confederate Naval Commodore" (PDF). blueandgrayeducation.org. Retrieved January 24, 2022.